(a) A cell’s terminal voltage V is smaller than its e.m.f. when current is taken from it.
∴ Terminal voltage < e.m.f.
(b) The e.m.f. is equal to the terminal voltage when no current is applied.
(a) A cell’s terminal voltage V is smaller than its e.m.f. when current is taken from it.
∴ Terminal voltage < e.m.f.
(b) The e.m.f. is equal to the terminal voltage when no current is applied.