Solution:
Given
Amount of work done by the steam engine in one minute, W = 5.4 x 108 J
Heat supplied from the boiler, H = 3.6 x 109 J
The efficiency of the engine is equal to the product of output energy and input energy.
Hence, η = W / H = 5.4 x 108 / (3.6 x 109)
On simplification, we get, = 0.15
Therefore, the percentage efficiency of the engine is 15%
Amount of heat wasted = 3.6 x 109 – 5.4 x 108 = 30.6 x 108 = 3.06 x 109 J
Hence, the amount of heat wasted per minute is 3.06 x 109 J