Answer: It possesses less electrons than the parent atom, but the overall nuclear charge remains the same, resulting in greater attraction of electrons to the nucleus. Cations have smaller radii...
, and 
(a) What is common in them? (b) Arrange them in the order of increasing ionic radii.Answer: (a) All of the species have the same number of electrons, i.e. 10 electrons. They are, therefore, isoelectronic species. (b) The following is the arrangement of the given ions in ascending...
Solution: Hydrogen peroxide goes about as a solid oxidizing specialist both in fundamental and acidic media. When added to a material, it breaks the substance obligations of the chromophores...
Solution: D2O is referred to as weighty water which goes about as an arbitrator (dials back the pace of response). Because of this property, it can't be utilized for drinking reason since it dials...
Solution: Water is extremely important for all types of life which establish 65% of human body and 95% of plants.it assumes an indispensable part in the biosphere because of its → Thermal...
Solution: Water is extremely fundamental for our life. It comprises of many broke down supplements that are needed for ourselves and furthermore for plants and creatures. Demineralised water is...
Solution: This water is liberated from every one of the solvent mineral salts and it doesn't contain any cation or anion. It is acquired progressively by going the water through anion trade and...
Solution: Because of the presence of dissolvable salts of magnesium and calcium as chlorides in water, hardness stays super durable in water. Because of the presence of dissolvable salts of calcium...
Solution: For the most part, ice is the translucent type of water. It visibles in a hexagonal structure in case it is solidified at climatic strain. At the point when the temperature is...
Solution: The water atom will be shown with a bond point of 104 .5o has a bowed structure in vaporous stage. The O-H bond length is 95.7 pm. Structure : Hydrogen peroxide has a non-planar design...
Solution: Ionic hydrides are solid diminishing specialists. NaH can undoubtedly give its electrons. Henceforth, it is most diminishing in nature. Both, MgH2 and H2O are covalent hydrides. H2O is...
Solution: The bond pair in D–D bond is more emphatically drawn in by the core than the bond pair in H–H bond. This is a direct result of the greater atomic mass of D2. The more grounded the...
Solution: The ionic person of a bond is reliant upon the electro negativities of the molecules in question. The higher the distinction between the electro negativities of molecules, the more modest...
Solution: The electrical conductance of an atom chiefly relies upon its covalent or ionic nature. CaH2 is an ionic hydride, which conducts power in the liquid state. Titanium hydride, TiH2 is...
Solution: The degree of hydrogen holding predominantly relies upon (I) Electronegativity (ii) Number of hydrogen iotas accessible for holding. Among oxygen, fluorine and nitrogen, the expanding...
Solution: The nuclear hydrogen light is otherwise called oxy-hydrogen light. These molecules are delivered through dihydrogen separation with the assistance of an electric circular segment which...
Solution: Metallic hydrides are hydrogen inadequate. They don't keep the law of consistent structure. It has been set up that in the hydrides of Pd, Ac, Ni, and Ce, hydrogen possesses the...
Solution: Non-Stoichiometric hydrides are hydrogen-insufficient mixtures which is framed by the response of dihydrogen with d-square and f-block components. These hydrides don't observe the law of...
Solution: For carbon hydrides which have a place with type (Cn H2n+2), the accompanying hydrides are feasible for \[\begin{array}{*{35}{l}} n\text{ }=\text{ }1\Rightarrow CH4 \\ ~ \\...
Solution: Sub-atomic hydride is grouped based on the presence of the bonds and absolute number of electrons in their Lewis structures as: Electron-inadequate hydrides Electron-exact hydrides...
Solution: The ionization enthalpy of H–H bond is higher (1312 kJ mol–1 ) which shows that hydrogen has a low propensity to frame H+ particles. Its ionization enthalpy esteem is equivalent to that of...
Solution: The ionization enthalpy of hydrogen molecule is higher. In this manner, it is more enthusiastically to eliminate its electron. This outcomes its propensity to exist in the low monoatomic...
Solution: The first component in the occasional table is hydrogen. Hydrogen shows double conduct since it has just 1 electron on its one 'S' shell.(i.e.,) hydrogen takes after the two incandescent...
![\[f\text{ }H0=\text{ }\text{ }286\text{ }kJ\text{ }mol1.\]](https://www.learnatnoon.com/s/wp-content/ql-cache/quicklatex.com-0876268cab5e7e19237ca8d099603274_l3.png "Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com")
Solution: It is given that 286 kJ mol–1 of warmth is advanced on the development of 1 mol of H2O(l). Accordingly, an equivalent measure of warmth will be consumed by the environmental elements....
Solution: The positive worth of ∆rH demonstrates that warmth is assimilated during the development of NO(g). This implies that NO(g) has higher energy than the reactants (N2 and O2)....
![\[G0?\text{ }R\text{ }=\text{ }8.314\text{ }JK1\text{ }mol1,\text{ }T\text{ }=\text{ }300\text{ }K.\]](https://www.learnatnoon.com/s/wp-content/ql-cache/quicklatex.com-c5355a31e6d1d5f6327e806c31f733f0_l3.png "Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com")
Solution: From the articulation, \[\begin{array}{*{35}{l}} G\theta \text{ }=\text{ }\text{ }2.303\text{ }RT\text{ }logKeq \\ ~ \\ G\theta \text{ }for\text{ }the\text{ }response,\text{ }=\text{...
![\[\begin{array}{*{35}{l}} 2A\left( g \right)\text{ }+\text{ }B\left( g \right)\text{ }\to \text{ }2D\left( g \right) \\ ~ \\ U\theta \text{ }=\text{ }\text{ }10.5\text{ }kJ\text{ }and\text{ }S\theta \text{ }=\text{ }\text{ }44.1\text{ }JK1\text{ }. \\ \end{array}\]](https://www.learnatnoon.com/s/wp-content/ql-cache/quicklatex.com-cbc82328853f02bdc578b87abcbd9b11_l3.png "Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com")
Solution: For the given response, \[\begin{array}{*{35}{l}} 2\text{ }A\left( g \right)\text{ }+\text{ }B\left( g \right)\text{ }\to \text{ }2D\left( g \right) \\ ~ \\ ng\text{ }=\text{...
Solution: ∆H and ∆S are negative The given response addresses the development of chlorine particle from chlorine molecules. Here, bond development is occurring. Along these lines, energy is being...
![\[\begin{array}{*{35}{l}} 2A\text{ }+\text{ }B\text{ }\to \text{ }C\text{ }H\text{ }=\text{ }400\text{ }kJ\text{ }mol1 \\ ~ \\ what's\text{ }more,\text{ }S\text{ }=\text{ }0.2\text{ }kJ\text{ }K1\text{ }mol1 \\ \end{array}\]](https://www.learnatnoon.com/s/wp-content/ql-cache/quicklatex.com-dda209e4073843cae616fbc6002155e5_l3.png "Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com")
Solution: From the articulation, \[G\text{ }=\text{ }H\text{ }\text{ }TS\] Expecting the response at balance, ∆T for the response would be: \[\begin{array}{*{35}{l}} \left( G\text{...
![\[U\text{ }=\text{ }0\]](https://www.learnatnoon.com/s/wp-content/ql-cache/quicklatex.com-e877d1035c3edbb47c89fe48897ae3da_l3.png "Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com")
Solution: ∆S will be positive i.e., more noteworthy than nothing \[Since\text{ }U\text{ }=\text{ }0,\] ∆S will be positive and the response will be unconstrained.
![\[CCl4\left( g \right)\text{ }\to \text{ }C\left( g \right)\text{ }+\text{ }4Cl\left( g \right)\]](https://www.learnatnoon.com/s/wp-content/ql-cache/quicklatex.com-2f50a987d1e8f6ebc394f6ed04c1c2b4_l3.png "Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com")
![\[\begin{array}{*{35}{l}} vapH\theta \text{ }\left( CCl4 \right)\text{ }=\text{ }30.5\text{ }kJ\text{ }mol1\text{ }. \\ ~ \\ fH\theta \text{ }\left( CCl4 \right)\text{ }=\text{ }\text{ }135.5\text{ }kJ\text{ }mol1\text{ }. \\ ~ \\ aH\theta \text{ }\left( C \right)\text{ }=\text{ }715.0\text{ }kJ\text{ }mol1\text{ }, \\ ~ \\ where\text{ }aH\theta \text{ }is\text{ }enthalpy\text{ }of\text{ }atomisation \\ ~ \\ aH\theta \text{ }\left( Cl2 \right)\text{ }=\text{ }242\text{ }kJ\text{ }mol1 \\ \end{array}\]](https://www.learnatnoon.com/s/wp-content/ql-cache/quicklatex.com-183416d42bdde6938df21980fb24335b_l3.png "Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com")
Solution: The synthetic conditions suggesting to the given upsides of enthalpies are:
Solution: The response that happens during the arrangement of CH3OH(l) can be composed as: \[C\left( s \right)\text{ }+\text{ }2H2O\left( g \right)\text{ }+\text{ }\left( 1/2...
![\[N2\text{ }\left( g \right)\text{ }+\text{ }3H2\text{ }\left( g \right)\text{ }\to \text{ }2NH3\text{ }\left( g \right)\text{ };\text{ }rH0=\text{ }\text{ }92.4\text{ }kJ\text{ }mol1\]](https://www.learnatnoon.com/s/wp-content/ql-cache/quicklatex.com-d81c6dc91c7c744bc321c09dcfa91bab_l3.png "Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com")
Solution: Standard enthalpy of development of a compound is the adjustment of enthalpy that happens during the arrangement of 1 mole of a substance in its standard structure from its constituent...
![\[N2O4\left( g \right)\text{ }+\text{ }3CO\left( g \right)\to \text{ }N2O\left( g \right)\text{ }+\text{ }3\text{ }CO2\left( g \right)\]](https://www.learnatnoon.com/s/wp-content/ql-cache/quicklatex.com-84c70293d06a7f15cf0337e2f45f3df8_l3.png "Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com")
Solution: ∆rH for a response is characterized as the contrast between ∆fH worth of items and ∆fH worth of reactants.
(ii) 
(iii) 
(iv) 
Answer: Isoelectronic species have the same number of electrons as one another. i) The elements $F^-$ and $O_2$ each have ten electrons. As a result, they are considered isoelectronic. (ii) The...
Answer: A period's left to right movement reduces atomic radius. Because external electrons are available in a comparable valence shell, the atomic number increases from left to right, increasing...
Solution: Arrangement of CO2 from carbon and dioxygen gas can be addressed as: \[\begin{array}{*{35}{l}} \left( 1\text{ }mole\text{ }=\text{ }44\text{ }g \right) \\ ~ \\ Warmth\text{...
Answer: The atomic radius is the size of an atom. It measures an atom's size. If an element is a metal, its radius is metallic, and if it is not a metal, its radius is covalent. The metallic radius...
Answer: The number of valence electrons in any element determines the chemical and physical properties of that element. When elements in the same group of the periodic table have the same number of...
Answer: (i) Lawrencium (Lr), which has an atomic number of Z=103, and Berkelium (Bk), which has an atomic number of Z=97, are the two elements with the highest atomic numbers. (ii) Seaborgium (Sg),...
Answer: The first phase has two elements, while the second period has eight. As a result, element Z = 11 starts the third phase. The third period currently has eight elements. As a result, the 18th...
Answer: The seventh period of the periodic table contains elements with atomic numbers Z = 87–114. The element with Z = 114 is thus available in the seventh period. In the seventh period, the first...
![\[\begin{array}{*{35}{l}} fusH\text{ }=\text{ }6.03\text{ }kJ\text{ }mol1\text{ }at\text{ }0{}^\circ C. \\ ~ \\ Cp\left[ H2O\left( l \right) \right]\text{ }=\text{ }75.3\text{ }J\text{ }mol1\text{ }K\text{ }\text{ }1 \\ ~ \\ Cp\left[ H2O\left( s \right) \right]\text{ }=\text{ }36.8\text{ }J\text{ }mol1\text{ }K\text{ }\text{ }1 \\ \end{array}\]](https://www.learnatnoon.com/s/wp-content/ql-cache/quicklatex.com-ae9ce04526cb31bbc938dd00ac9ef2b9_l3.png "Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com")
Solution: Complete enthalpy change engaged with the change is the amount of the accompanying changes: (a) Energy change engaged with the change of 1 mol of water at 10°C to 1 mol of water at 0°C....
Answer: For the outermost shells of a periodic table, a period shows the value of the main quantum number (n). Each period begins with the primary quantum number (n). And n for the 6th period is 6....
Answer: Mendeleev’s Approach for periodic law Modern approach for the periodic law Periodic functions of the atomic mass of the corresponding elements determine the chemical and physical properties...
Answer: Mendeleev arranged the elements in his periodic table by atomic weight. Mendeleev classified the elements into groups and periods based on atomic weight. Mendeleev grouped elements with...
Answer: It divides items into periods and groups based on their qualities. This method simplifies and organizes the study of elements and their compounds. Elements with similar characteristics are...
solution: From the statement of warmth (q), \[q\text{ }=\text{ }m.\text{ }c.\text{ }T\] Where, \[\begin{array}{*{35}{l}} c\text{ }=\text{ }molar\text{ }warmth\text{ }limit \\ ~ \\...
Answer: Option i) & ii) Lithium exhibits a high ionization enthalpy in addition to a high degree of hydration. This is owing to the fact that it is so little.
Answer: Option i) & ii) Be mimics Al (diagonal relationship), and together they create a protective film of oxide that is resistant to acid assault. Because of the high hydration enthalpy of...
Answer: option i) & iii) The tendency to generate halide hydrates decreases gradually as one moves down the chemical group. The hydrates are MgCl2.6H2O, CaCl2.6H2O, SrCl2.6H2O, and BaCl2.2H2O.
ions (ii) 
ions (iii) 
ions (iv) 
ionsAnswer: Option ii) & iii) Because of this, when zeolite, which is sodium aluminium silicate, reacts with hard water, the sodium ion of zeolite is swapped for calcium and magnesium ions.
![\[NH2CN\left( g \right)\text{ }+\text{ }3/2\text{ }O2\left( g \right)\text{ }\to \text{ }N2\left( g \right)\text{ }+\text{ }CO2\left( g \right)\text{ }+\text{ }H2O\left( l \right)\]](https://www.learnatnoon.com/s/wp-content/ql-cache/quicklatex.com-6cb518a194b0305964737ad87e3d7289_l3.png "Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com")
Solution: Enthalpy change for a response (∆H) is given by the articulation, \[H\text{ }=\text{ }U\text{ }+\text{ }ngRT\] Where, \[\begin{array}{*{35}{l}} U\text{ }=\text{ }change\text{...
Answer: Option i) & ii) Because their hydration enthalpies are higher than their lattice enthalpies, BeSO4 and MgSO4 are extremely soluble in water. CaSO4, SrSO4, and BaSO4 have low hydration...
Answer: Option i) & iii) Both the chemicals are widely used in industries for preparation of other compounds in large scale.
Answer: Option ii) & iv) Periods begin with alkali metals. For their period, alkali metals have the biggest atomic radius. They have low density due to their huge size and low bulk. Alkali...
Answer: Option iv) Because they are hygroscopic in nature, the calcium, barium, and strontium halides operate as a dehydrating agent in the body. They are capable of absorbing moisture....
solution: As per the principal law of thermodynamics, \[U\text{ }=\text{ }q\text{ }+\text{ }W\text{ }\left( I \right)\] Where, \[\begin{array}{*{35}{l}} U\text{ }=\text{ }change\text{...
Answer: option iii) Ca(OH)2 is the chemical A that is used in the manufacturing of washing soda Na2CO3 in order to recover ammonia. It is a reaction that occurs during the Solvay process, which is...
Answer: Option i) Slaked lime is formed by combining quicklime and water to form a paste. Because quicklime can be used in the manufacture of cement, slaked lime can be used in the manufacture of...
Answer: Option ii) The alkali metal compounds and alkaline earth metal compounds give the flame its colour. In a flame, calcium turns brick red, strontium turns crimson red, barium turns apple...
![\[,\text{ }A\text{ }+\text{ }B\text{ }\to \text{ }C\text{ }+\text{ }D\text{ }+\text{ }q\]](https://www.learnatnoon.com/s/wp-content/ql-cache/quicklatex.com-f134f882cde1f21a1a7d40a02e8eec6e_l3.png "Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com")
Solution: For a response to be unconstrained, ∆G ought to be negative. \[G\text{ }=\text{ }H\text{ }\text{ }TS\] As indicated by the inquiry, for the given response, ...
Answer: Option iv) The formula for soda ash is $Na_2CO_3$ that is sodium carbonate.
Answer: Option i) When heated, all of the elements, with the exception of beryllium, mix with hydrogen to create their hydrides.
Answer: Option iii) Calcium hydroxide dissociates in an aqueous solution, releasing calcium cations and hydroxide anions. Calcium oxide is the chemical compound known as quicklime. Milk of lime is a...
solution: As indicated by the inquiry, Subsequently, the ideal condition is the one that addresses the development of CH4 (g) i.e., Enthalpy of arrangement of\[~CH4\left( g \right)\text{...
Answer: Option i) When plaster of Paris is heated to 200°C, it transforms into anhydrous calcium sulphate, often known as dead plaster, which lacks setting properties since it absorbs water at a...
Answer: Option ii) The addition of gypsum serves only to slow down the setting process of the cement, allowing it to solidify to a sufficiently hard state before use.
Answer: option i) The concentration of these solvated ions in the sodium in liquid ammonia solution changes the color to copper. So the ammoniated electron is responsible for the solution's color.
Answer: Option i) Sodium carbonate is synthesised by Solvary ammonia soda process.
![\[\begin{array}{*{35}{l}} \left( I \right)\text{ }=\text{ }U\theta \\ ~ \\ \left( ii \right)\text{ }>\text{ }U\theta \\ ~ \\ \left( iii \right)\text{ }<\text{ }U\theta \\ ~ \\ \left( iv \right)\text{ }=\text{ }0 \\ \end{array}\]](https://www.learnatnoon.com/s/wp-content/ql-cache/quicklatex.com-253e16b0c605d0c940895437070f698c_l3.png "Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com")
Solution: Since \[\begin{array}{*{35}{l}} H\theta \text{ }=\text{ }U\theta \text{ }+\text{ }ngRT\text{ }and\text{ }U\theta \text{ }=\text{ }\text{ }X\text{ }kJ\text{ }mol1\text{ }, \\ ~ \\ H\theta...
Answer: option i) The solubility of hydroxides of alkaline earth metals in water increases as the alkaline earth metals move from Be to Ba. Both Be(OH)2 and Mg(OH)2 are nearly insoluble in water....
Answer: Option ii) Lattice and hydration enthalpies encourage the dissolving of alkali metal halides in water. Fluorides are soluble in this order: LiF, NaF, KF, RbF, CsF. The high lattice energy of...
Answer: option iii) Increasing the size of the atoms in a group results in a decrease in ionization enthalpy. As a result, the following is the ranking: Li > Na > K > Rb.
Solution: (I) Sodium responds to shape NaOH and H2 gas when it is dropped in water. The response happens as displayed beneath: \[2Na\left( s \right)\text{ }+\text{ }2H2O\left( l \right)\text{...
Answer: Option i) Beryllium haldies are essentially covalent compounds that are soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol and acetic acid.
Answer: Option i) As the ionisation enthalpy increases from Mg to Ba, the M – O bond weakens and weakens down the group, and as a result, basicity increases down the group as a function of time. As...
Answer: Option i) Because of the smaller cation and larger anion sizes (smaller cation stabilises smaller anion through crystal lattice energy), Beryllium Carbonate can only be preserved in CO2...
Answer: Option iv) The thermal stability of metal carbonates rises as the metal's electropositive character or basicity increases from Be(OH)2 to Ba(OH)2. The most stable is BaCO3.
Solution: \[\begin{array}{*{35}{l}} ~ \\ \left( a \right)\text{ }2Na2O2\left( s \right)\text{ }+\text{ }2H2O\left( l \right)\text{ }\to \text{ }4NaOH\left( aq \right)\text{ }+\text{ }O2\left( aq...
Answer: option iii) Li's hydration enthalpy is likewise high (highly exothermic). Li atom has the highest hydration enthalpy, making it the strongest reducing agent in aqueous media. - Li atom's...
Answer: Option i) The answer is Li has a high hydrogen enthalpy. So its water reaction produces a lot of energy, which is used up infusion, vaporization, and ionization. So its water interaction is...
Solution: (iii) When chloride is added to slaked lime, it gives blanching powder. \[Ca\left( OH \right)2\text{ }+\text{ }Cl2\text{ }CaOCl2\text{ }+\text{ }H2O\] Blanching powder (iv)...
Solution: The correct answer is option (iv). The melting point of alkali metals drops as the strength of metallic bonding diminishes with increasing the size of the atom, as shown in the graph. As a...
Solution: (a) Sodium can be extricated from sodium chloride by Downs measure. This interaction includes the electrolysis of intertwined NaCl (40%) and CaCl2 (60 %) at a temperature of 1123 K in...
Answer: Option (i) is correct. Beryllium carbonate is stable and decomposes to give beryllium oxide and carbon dioxide. The concentration of carbon dioxide grows in the right side, causing the...
Answer: Option i) is correct Lithium carbonate readily decomposes into lithium oxide and carbon dioxide. Others do not decompose. $Li _{2} CO _{3} \stackrel{\Delta}{\longrightarrow} Li _{2} O + CO...
Column I(i) Cs (ii) Na (iii) K (iv) Ca (v) Sr (vi) Ba Column II(a) Apple green ((b) Violet (c) Brick red (d) Yellow (e) Crimson red (f) Blue Answer: (i) is f (ii) is d (iii) is b (iv) is c...
Column I(i) CaCO3 (ii) Ca(OH)2 (iii) Cao (iv) CaSO4 Column II(a) Dentistry, ornamental work (b) Manufacture of sodium carbonate from caustic soda (c) Manufacture of high-quality paper (d) Used in...
Solution: (I) Solubility: Soluble base metal nitrates, carbonates and sulfates have water solvency. At the point when you drop down the gathering of soluble base metals, you will see that the...
Answer: (i) is c (ii) is b (iii) is d (iv) is a,e Explanation: Li: E is the most negative because of the extremely high hydration enthalpy. Na: NaOH is produced from the letter Na (strong base). One...
Answer: The gaseous/vapour state differs from the solid state in several ways. In the solid state, BeCl2 has a polymeric chain structure, which is similar to that of water. In the presence of...
Answer: Because of the small atomic and ionic sizes of Be and Mg, their electrons are closely attached to the atom. Flames occur as a result of an electron being excited from one of its energy...
Solution: We realize that the Solvay interaction is utilized in the readiness of sodium carbonate. This interaction is financially savvy contrasted with different cycles of arrangement of Sodium...
ion and find out oxidation state of each oxygen atom? What is the average oxidation state of oxygen in this ion?Answer: Because an oxygen atom with zero charges contains six electrons, the oxidation state of the atom is zero. An atom of oxygen with a negative charge contains seven electrons, while when it has...
with sodium chloride? Explain.Answer: The Solvay method passes $CO_2$ through a concentrated sodium chloride solution containing ammonia, forming ammonium carbonate and ammonium hydrogen carbonate. Crystals of ammonium hydrogen...
Answer: As a result of their large ionic size and low activation enthalpy, alkali metal compounds create ionic compounds, whereas lithium produces covalent compounds as a result of its small ionic...
Answer: CaSO4, SrSO4, and BaSO4 are insoluble in water, whereas BeSO4 and MgSO4 are readily soluble in water. This is because to the higher hydration enthalpies of the Be2+ and Mg2+ ions, which...
Answer: i) Carbonate thermal stability rises with cationic size. The more stable an alkaline earth metal's oxide, the less stable its carbonate. As BeO is stable, BeCO3 is not. (ii) Alkali metals...
Solution: Likenesses among lithium and magnesium: (I) lithium and magnesium respond delayed with cold water. (ii) oxides of lithium and magnesium are less dissolvable in H2O. additionally the...
Answer: Beryllium is from Group 2. Unlike the other chemicals, beryllium oxide is amphoteric. Group 2 sulfates are water-soluble, as is $BeSO_4$.
Answer: i) In terms of weight and hardness, lithium and magnesium are both significantly lighter and tougher than the other metals in their respective families. (ii) Both LiCl and MgCl2 halides are...
(ii) 
Answer: (i) Peroxide ions react with water and form $H _{2} O _{2}$. $O _{2}^{2-}+2 H _{2} O \longrightarrow 2 OH ^{-}+ H _{2} O _{2}$ (ii) Superoxides react with water and form $H _{2} O _{2}$...
Solution:
Answer: The reactivity of alkali metals towards oxygen rises with atomic size. So Li only produces LiO2 (Li2O). Sodium forms mostly sodium peroxide and a little sodium oxide, while potassium forms...
Answer: Lithium has the largest negative E value of any element, measuring –3.04V. Lithium has tiny atomic size and the highest ionization enthalpy of all the elements, although this is offset by...
Solution: we know that,
Solution: The condition of state is given by, \[\begin{array}{*{35}{l}} pV\text{ }=\text{ }nRT\text{ }\ldots \text{ }..\left( 1 \right) \\ ~ \\ Where,\text{ }p\text{ }=\text{...
solution: Electron-lacking mixtures are substance compounds with inadequate octets that will in general get at least 1 electrons to finish their octet setups. BCl3 BCl3 is a genuine illustration of...
Solution: (d) BaCO3 Warm dependability is straightforwardly corresponding to the size of the cation i.e., bigger the size of the iota, more prominent is its warm security. The greatest cation among...
Solution: (a) Li Li is fit for shaping hydrated salts in light of its size. Since it is more modest in size, it has a higher charge thickness and can undoubtedly draw in water atoms around it and...
Solution: (d) Cs Cs has the most un-liquefying point of the given salt metals since it has the biggest size. Because of a bigger size, the limiting capacity of Cs is restricted and the grid energy...
Solution: (I) The measures of Be2+ and O2-are little and are profoundly viable with one another. Because of this, a high measure of cross section energy is delivered during its arrangement. The...
Solution: (a) Sodium bicarbonate and sodium hydroxide are the finished results when Na2CO3 is hydrolyzed. Since, the item are basic in nature, an answer of Na2CO3 is viewed as basic in nature. (b)...
![\[E0\text{ }for\text{ }M2+\left( aq \right)\text{ }+\text{ }2e\to \text{ }M\left( s \right)\text{ }\left( where\text{ }M\text{ }=\text{ }Ca,\text{ }Sr\text{ }or\text{ }Ba \right)\]](https://www.learnatnoon.com/s/wp-content/ql-cache/quicklatex.com-30816136accb3333fde729011cce90bd_l3.png "Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com")
Solution: (a) The ionic and nuclear sizes of the metals will in general increment while going down the antacid gathering. The expanding request of the ionic sizes of the salt metal particles is as...
Solution: Sodium (Na): They are found in our blood plasma and the interstitial liquids around the cells. They help in (a) Transmission of nerve signals. (b) They direct the progression of water...
Solution: LiF has a more noteworthy ionic person than LiCl which upsets the harmony between hydration energy and cross section energy. This equilibrium is critical for the reasonability of particles...
Solution: Since Lithium has the littlest size among all the soluble base metals, it can without much of a stretch enraptured water atoms. Subsequently, more modest the size of the particle, more...
Solution: Employments of concrete: Extension development Putting Most significant fixing in concrete Employments of Plaster of Paris: Used to make projects and shape Used to make careful wraps...
solution: Since the nuclear sizes of magnesium and calcium are more modest than that of sodium and potassium, calcium and magnesium structure carbonates and hydroxides with higher cross section...
solution: BeCl2 has a straight construction and exists as a monomer in the fume state. 2. In the strong stage, BeCl2 is a polymer.
solution: (I) Caustic pop (a) Heavily utilized in cleanser ventures. (b) Common reagent in research centers. (ii) Sodium carbonate (a) Finds utilizes in both cleanser and glass ventures. (b) Also...
Solution: The electropositive person increments while dropping down in the gathering of soluble base metal which brings about an increment in solidness of antacid carbonates. For the most part,...
Solution: Solvay measure isn't pertinent for the arrangement of potassium carbonate since potassium carbonate is dissolvable in water and it doesn't hasten out like sodium bicarbonate.
solution: The valence electrons get eager to a higher energy level when a basic earth metal is warmed. It transmits energy which has a place with the apparent locale when this invigorated electron...
solution: At the point when the soluble base metal is broken up in fluid alkali, a dark blue shaded arrangement is framed. \[M+\left( x+y \right)NH3\to M\left( NH3 \right)x+e-{}^\text{1}\text{...
Solution: Lithium, potassium, and cesium, are all antacid metals. Yet at the same time, potassium and cesium are utilized in photoelectric cell and not Lithium since Li is more modest in size when...
(a) 1 mole ${{C}_{2}}{{H}_{6}}$ contains two moles of C- atoms. ∴∴ No. of moles of C- atoms in 3 moles of ${{C}_{2}}{{H}_{6}}$ = 2 * 3 = 6 (b) 1 mole ${{C}_{2}}{{H}_{6}}$ contains six moles of H-...
Average atomic mass of Cl. = $[(\text{Fractional abundance of }\!\!~\!\!\text{ }_{{}}^{35}Cl)(\text{molar mass of }\!\!~\!\!\text{ }_{{}}^{35}Cl)+(\text{fractional abundance of }\!\!~\!\!\text{...
Mass percent of Fe = 69.9% Mass percent of O = 30.1% No. of moles of Fe present in oxide =$ \frac{69.90}{55.85}$ = 1.25 No. of moles of O present in oxide =$\frac{30.1}{16.0}$ =1.88 Ratio of Fe to...
1 mole of $CuSO_{4}$ contains 1 mole of Cu. Molar mass of $CuSO_{4}$ = (63.5) + (32.00) + 4(16.00) = 63.5 + 32.00 + 64.00 = 159.5 grams 159.5 grams of $CuSO_{4}$ contains 63.5 grams of Cu....
required to make 500 mL of 0.375 molar aqueous solution. Molar mass of sodium acetate is 82.0245 g mol–1.0.375 Maqueous solution of $CH_{3}COONa$ = 1000 mL of solution containing 0.375 moles of $CH_{3}COONa$ Therefore, no. of moles of $CH_{3}COONa$ in 500 mL = 0.1875 mole Molar mass of sodium acetate...
(i) 1 mole of carbon is burnt in air. $C+{{O}_{2}}\to C{{O}_{2}}$ 1 mole of carbon reacts with 1 mole of O2 to form one mole of CO2. Amount of $CO_{2}$ produced = 44 g (ii) 1 mole of carbon...
Percentage of Fe by mass = 69.9% [As said previously] By mass, 30.1 percent of O2 is present. [As said previously] Relative moles of Fe in iron oxide: = (69.9)x(55.85}/55.8569.9 = 1.25 Relative...
Now for Na2SO4. Molar mass of Na2SO4 = [(2 x 23.0) + (32.066) + 4(16.00)] =142.066 g Therefore, mass percent of the sodium element: = 32.379 = 32.4% Mass percent of the sulphur element: = 22.57...
(ii)
(iii)
(i)Molecular weight of methane= (1 x Atomic weight of carbon) + (4 x Atomic weight of hydrogen) = [1(12.011 u) +4 (1.008u)] = 12.011u + 4.032 u = 16.043 u (ii)Molecular weight of water= (2 x...
Solution: By utilizing a more grounded lessening specialist, the oxides of metals get diminished by the cycle called synthetic decrease. Basic earth metals and soluble base metals are solid among...
Option (iii) is correct. Explanation: The lowest boiling point among isomeric pentanes is of 2,2-dimethylpentane, and further on branching, its boiling point decreases
Solution: Alkaline earth metals Solubility of hydroxide: They are less soluble compared to alkali metals as it has high lattice energy and is having higher charge densities...
Option (i) is correct Explanation: In nitration, benzene is treated with a nitrating mixture, which consists of conc. $HNO_3$ and $H_2SO_4$, and $H_2SO_4$ aids in the production of $NO_2 +$....
Option (i) is correct. Compounds with the following features are aromatic: planarity and complete delocalization of the electrons in the ring. The ring contains (4n+2) electrons, where n is an...
(i) is d (ii) is c (iii) is b (iv) is a
(i) is b (ii) is c (iii) is a
(i) is d (ii) is a (iii) is e (iv) is c (v) is b
At about 140°C, ethanol is processed with sulphuric acid to produce hydrogen sulphate. The response is
Huckel's rule states that it must meet the (4n+) rule. Aromatic compounds include B, C, D, and F.
solution: On dropping down the gathering in the antacid metals, the size of the molecule increments and the impact of the atomic charge gets diminished. Because of these elements, the electron of...
Aromatic compounds: A, E and F Non-Aromatic : B, C, D and G
Solution: Leave the oxidation territory of Na alone y. In the event of peroxides, the oxidation condition of oxygen is - 1. Subsequently, \[\begin{array}{*{35}{l}} ~ \\ 2\left( y...
In comparison to the 1° free radical, the 3° free radical is stabilised by 9 hyperconjugation structures, giving it greater stability.
When a combination of 1-iodo-2-methylpropane and 2-iodopropane is treated with salt, it produces three compounds as a result of intermolecular and intramolecular reactions:
Solution: Sodium, cesium, lithium, francium, potassium, rubidium all together include the salt metals. They comprise of just a single electron on its valence shell, which gets free effectively...
Number of hydrogen reactivity = number of mono-chlorinated compounds 1° H = 9 1 = 9 mono-chlorinated products 2° H = 2 3.8 = 7.6 mono-chlorinated products 3° H = 1 5 = 5 mono-chlorinated products...
Nucleophiles I (vi), (vii), and (viii) Electrophiles are (ii), (iii), (iv), and (v).
Solution: General attributes: (I) (Noble gas) ns2 is the electronic design of basic earth metal. (ii) To possess the closest inactive gas setup, these metals lose two of their...
Step 1: Peroxide homolysis to produce free radicals Step 2: Bromine free radical formation ∙C6H5 + H-BR → C6H6 + Br Step 3: hydrogen bromide reacts with an alkyl radical.∙
Solution: Actual properties: (1) The soluble base metal is delicate thus we can cut them without any problem. We can ready to cut the sodium metal even by utilizing the blade. (2)...
I We can cycle acetylene using the intermolecular condensation technique and then treat it at high temperatures in a red hot iron tube. (ii) After being converted to benzene, the aliphatic molecule...
A nitrogen atom is linked to two extremely electronegative oxygen atoms in the Nitro group. This causes a net reduction in electron density around the nitrogen atom, giving nitrogen a positive charge.
Halogens have a ns2p5 outer configuration, indicating that they may take one electron and are near to completing their octate; halogens have a significant affinity for attracting one electron,...
I Bromine undergoes electrophilic substitution with Br2 in the presence of anhydrous FeBr3 to generate bromobenzene. We get a p-nitrobromobenzene after treating it with conc. HNO3 and conc. H2SO4 at...
Friedel Crafts alkylation with a Lewis acid is demonstrated in this process. The development of the carbocation will occur initially, followed by the production of a more stable secondary...
The ascending order of reactivity is HI >HBr>HCl. The rising order of halogen reactivity corresponds to the rise in bond energy.
Because there is less C – H bond pair repulsion and the atoms are at their furthest distance from one other, the staggered arrangement is more stable than an eclipse.
In ethane, the single bond is a – bond, which is a coaxial overlap of orbitals that allows the C C bond to rotate on its axis. However, due to the torsional strain that the bond receives as a result...
The negative charge that has generated on one carbon attacks the proton from NH3 and causes another sodium atom to lose its electron, causing the atom to create a second negative charge. The second...
To produce a more stable saturated product, alkenes undergo an addition reaction. Hybridization shifts from sp2 to sp3 in this reaction. A substitution process maintains the resonance stability of...
Option (ii) and (iii) are the answers
Option (i) and (iii) are the answers.
Option (i) and (iii) are the answers.
Option (i) and (iii) are the answers.
The solutions are options (i) and (iii).
Option (i) and (iv) are the answers.
The solutions are options (iii) and (iv).
The solutions are options (iii) and (iv).
The solutions are options (iii) and (iv).
Option (iii) is the answer.
The solution is option (iv).
The solution is option (ii).
The solution is Option (iii)
solution: (ii) Zero
![\[\begin{array}{*{35}{l}} \left( I \right)\text{ }T\text{ }=\text{ }0 \\ ~\left( ii \right)\text{ }p\text{ }=\text{ }0 \\ \left( iii \right)\text{ }q\text{ }=\text{ }0 \\ ~\left( iv \right)\text{ }w\text{ }=\text{ }0 \\ \end{array}\]](https://www.learnatnoon.com/s/wp-content/ql-cache/quicklatex.com-68d24071d9398f3df1fc5ee9b1897869_l3.png "Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com")
solution: \[\left( iii \right)\text{ }q\text{ }=\text{ }0\] Reason: For an adiabatic interaction heat move is zero, for example \[q\text{ }=\text{ }0.\]
(ii) An amount which is autonomous of way. solution: Capacities like strain, volume and temperature relies upon the condition of the framework just and not on the way.
solution: The actual meaning of 'a': The greatness of intermolecular appealing powers inside gas is addressed by 'a'. The actual meaning of 'b': The volume of a gas atom is addressed by...
solution: In the event that the basic temperature of a gas is higher, it is simpler to condense. That is the intermolecular powers of fascination among the atoms of gas are straightforwardly...
solution: Charles saw that the volume of certain measure of a gas changes by VO /273.15 for every degree rise or fall in temperature.VO being the volume at 0°C.The volume at any temperature t°C...
solution: The SI unit for pressure, p is Nm–2 . The SI unit for volume, V is m3. The SI unit for temperature, T is K. The SI unit for the quantity of moles, n is mol. Subsequently, the SI unit for...
solution: Let the heaviness of dihydrogen be 20 g. Let the heaviness of dioxygen be 80 g. No. of moles of dihydrogen (nH2), \[\begin{array}{*{35}{l}} ~ \\ =\text{ }20/2 \\ ~ \\...
![\[R\text{ }=\text{ }0.083\text{ }bar\text{ }dm3\text{ }K1\text{ }mol1.\]](https://www.learnatnoon.com/s/wp-content/ql-cache/quicklatex.com-63d0fbfbaf1b21bdbcb7644d8def9148_l3.png "Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com")
solution: \[\begin{array}{*{35}{l}} ~ \\ pVM\text{ }=\text{ }mRT \\ ~ \\ V=\text{ }mRT/Mp \\ \end{array}\] Here, \[\begin{array}{*{35}{l}} m\text{ }=\text{ }8.8\text{ }g \\ ~ \\ R\text{...
![\[~\left( Thickness\text{ }of\text{ }air\text{ }=\text{ }1.2\text{ }kg\text{ }m3\text{ }and\text{ }R\text{ }=\text{ }0.083\text{ }bar\text{ }dm3\text{ }K1\text{ }mol1 \right)\]](https://www.learnatnoon.com/s/wp-content/ql-cache/quicklatex.com-106263d412dec0c1dbf32f23a40c938c_l3.png "Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com")
solution: Given: \[r\text{ }=\text{ }10\text{ }m\] Accordingly, volume of the inflatable \[\begin{array}{*{35}{l}} =4/3\text{ }\pi r{}^\text{3} \\ ~ \\ =4/3\text{ }\times...
![\[R\text{ }=\text{ }0.083\text{ }bar\text{ }dm3\text{ }K1\text{ }mol1\]](https://www.learnatnoon.com/s/wp-content/ql-cache/quicklatex.com-48f6d7112751bbb16471c7a7ca51ec8d_l3.png "Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com")
solution : Given: \[Mass\text{ }of\text{ }O2\text{ }=\text{ }8\text{ }g\]
solution: \[Avogadro\text{ }number\text{ }=\text{ }6.02\text{ }\times \text{ }1023\]Thus, time required
solution: \[Molar\text{ }mass\text{ }of\text{ }dinitrogen\text{ }\left( N2 \right)\text{ }=\text{ }28\text{ }g\text{ }mol-1\] Subsequently, 1.4 g of N2 \[\begin{array}{*{35}{l}} 1.4/2.8 \\ ~ \\...
![\[\left( R\text{ }=\text{ }0.083\text{ }bar\text{ }dm3\text{ }K1\text{ }mol1 \right).\]](https://www.learnatnoon.com/s/wp-content/ql-cache/quicklatex.com-0eea6131e45ed685db113cdc3bf5955a_l3.png "Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com")
Solution: Given, \[\begin{array}{*{35}{l}} Measure\text{ }of\text{ }the\text{ }gas\text{ },n~=\text{ }4.0\text{ }mol \\ ~ \\ Volume\text{ }of\text{ }the\text{ }gas~,V~=\text{ }5\text{ }dm3 ...
solution: Leave the volume of the round lined cup alone V. Then, at that point, the volume of air inside the cup at 27° C is V. Presently, \[\begin{array}{*{35}{l}} ~ \\ V1\text{...
solution: Given, \[\begin{array}{*{35}{l}} p\text{ }=\text{ }0.1\text{ }bar \\ ~ \\ V\text{ }=\text{ }34.05\text{ }mL\text{ }=\text{ }34.05\text{ }\times \text{ }103\text{ }L\text{ }=\text{...
Solution: For an optimal gas \[Thickness\text{ }\rho \text{ }=\text{ }p\text{ }x\text{ }M/RT\] From the given information, \[\begin{array}{*{35}{l}} 5.46\text{ }=\text{ }2\text{...
Solution: From the situation \[Pv\text{ }=\text{ }n\text{ }RT\] for the two gases. We can compose \[\begin{array}{*{35}{l}} 0.8\text{ }x\text{ }0.5\text{ }=\text{ }nH2~x\text{ }RT~\text{...