Solution: a) The setup depicts the transpiration pull, which is the force that occurs when the water pulls upwards from the root to the leaves. b) If a blower is installed near the setup, it will...

Solution: The cohesion of the water molecules is the method through which water molecules remain linked to one another through hydrogen bonding. Water moves upward through xylem vessels, creating a...

Solution: When the potato plant performs photosynthesis with radiolabelled CO2, it produces oxygen and glucose (C6H12O6), with the radiolabelled carbon present in the glucose molecule....

Solution: Their cell cytoplasm is hypertonic due to the greater salt concentration, allowing water from the surrounding cells or region to enter the cell cytoplasm. The cell will exert a greater...

Solution: Natural membranes, such as the cell membrane, are selectively permeable, allowing only specific molecules to enter or exit the cell. A cell membrane is an example of a lipid bilayer that...

Solution: Plants lose turgidity in temporary wilting when the rate of transpiration exceeds the rate of water absorption from the soil, while in permanent wilting, the plant wilts and is a permanent...

Solution: Yes, the type and quantity of solutes that reach the xylem must be adjusted by plants. End dermal cell transport proteins aid in the maintenance and adjustment of solute transportation....

Solution: 1. Uniport: Uniport occurs when a single substance travels in a single direction through a cell membrane. 2. Antiport: Antiport occurs when two chemicals travel in opposite directions...

Solution: a) Because dicots have a bean-shaped morphology, these guard cells are seen in dicots. It's commonly dumble-shaped for monocots. b) Figure i) depicts a higher water content. c) Potassium...

Solution: Munch presented the mass flow concept to explain sap circulation via the phloem in 1930. When the source (where the food is made) contains a high concentration of sugar, a diffusion...

Solution: Diffusion Facilitated diffusion(i) Diffusion takes place along an osmotic gradient.(i) Movement is against the osmotic gradient during assisted diffusion.  (ii) It is a...

Solution: The transfer of chemicals from a location of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration is known as diffusion. The bulk transfer of material in solution inside plant channels...

Solution: Some rice types are able to withstand flooding. These rice cultivars have special characteristics that enable plants endure floods. In the event of a flood, the stems of these plants grow...

Solution: a) Abscisic acid is a stress hormone that causes changes such as the shutting of stomata to prevent further water loss during water scarcity, seed germination when conditions are favorable...

Solution: Aquaporins are a type of membrane protein that forms channels in the membrane and aids in the transportation of water between cells. The presence of aquaporins would speed up osmosis and...

Solution: Tube B has a higher water rise than tube A because the surface area of the narrow tube or tube B is less, resulting in a higher level of surface tension and hence a higher level of water...

Solution: The sap of the xylem is mostly made up of inorganic substances. The majority of Sulphur and Potassium is found in inorganic compounds. However, the majority of nitrogen is found in organic...

Solution: It is a common fallacy that salting just kills weeds and has no effect on grass. Because of osmosis, when salt is added to a plant, water from the plant cells leaks out. Excessive water...

Solution: Water's kinetic energy decreases as the temperature drops. As a result, sugar crystals dissolve quickly in hot water. At room temperature, they will take a little longer to dissolve in...

Solution: a) Exosmosis is the name for this occurrence.  b) If the filament is put in distilled water, the protoplasm becomes turgid again when water flows in and the shrunken protoplasm...

Solution: This experiment can show which tissue is responsible for transporting water up the stem. The presence of colored strands indicates that the food color has been carried upwards through the...

Solution: No, because these are the ones who are in charge of the same. The adhesive and cohesive properties of water maintain a continuous water column in the xylem vessels for sap ascent. Absence...

Solution: When a plant's water supply is limited, it adapts its physiology to conserve water. In xerophytes, for example, water loss is reduced by inhibiting transpiration. During the summer, even...

Solution: Plants also require mineral nutrients and charged ions such as potassium and sodium, which cannot be delivered by simple diffusion because the selectively permeable cell membrane does not...

Solution: When water is delivered to the leaves above the girdle of a girdled plant, the leaves may remain green for a period of time because leaves may synthesize their food through photosynthesis...

Solution: The leakage of the plasma membrane occurs when chopped beetroot pieces are maintained in hot water. Beetroot pigments are released into the water as a result, and the water becomes...

Solution: Animal cells have ATP-powered pumps like the Na+- K+ pump where 3Na+ is sent out in exchange for 2 K+ ions thus increasing the level of K+ ions in the intracellular region. This is how via...

Solution: a) All living creatures' essential substances are solutes that are dissolved in water and transferred from one location to another. b) Specific heat is defined as the amount of energy...

Solution; The number and distribution of stomata, the proportion of open stomata, water status, canopy shape, and other plant variables all influence the rate of transpiration. Different plant...

Solution: Using cytokinins, a plant growth hormone that helps to delay senescence or the aging of plant tissues. To avoid water cavitation caused by air, immerse the cut stem in water in the vase.

Solution: The identification of the forms and modes of mineral transport in plants was aided by an examination of xylem exudates. For example, an examination of xylem exudates found that the...

Solution: Minerals are absorbed from the soil by the roots and transferred to various sections of the plant via the xylem vessels. Because various plants and plant parts have different mineral...

Solution: a) Hypertonic solutions cause cells to shrink, while hypotonic solutions cause them to swell. b) Imbibition is a type of diffusion in which water is absorbed by living or dead cells. c)...

Solution: Facilitated diffusion is a sort of molecular movement that is very selective and requires particular membrane proteins but does not require energy. Any substance's solubility in lipid...

Solution: During the heat, if a potted plant is not watered for a day, it will wilt. This occurs as a result of excessive water loss through transpiration. In the majority of cases, this can be...

Solution: i) The attraction between water molecules and other molecules is known as adhesion. ii) Cohesion is the force that keeps water molecules connected together through hydrogen bonding between...

Solution: Transpiration is the process through which plants lose water from their aerial portions in the form of water vapour. When there is a large amount of transpiration, there is a large amount...

Solution: Guttation is the loss of water from the margins of leaves in the form of water droplets, whereas transpiration is the loss of water from the plant's aerial portions in the form of water...

Solution: Casparian strips are found in the radial and transverse endodermal cell walls of plant roots. It inhibits water from moving from the pericycle to the cortex, generating and maintaining a...

Solution: Osmosis is the process through which water flows from the soil to the roots. The soil has a higher water potential than the cytoplasm of the root hair. As a result, osmosis allows water to...

Solution: 1. Apoplast is made up of non-living plant parts, whereas symplast is made up of living plant parts. 2. Passive diffusion occurs in the apoplast, whereas osmosis occurs in the symplast. 3....

Solution: a. The cells would have shrunk under the microscope because the salt solution is hypertonic, forcing water to flow out of the cell and exosmosis to occur. b. After that, the cell regains...

Solution: Because the concentration of water in a solution is lower than that of pure water, when a solute is dissolved in water, the water potential is reduced. Solute potential is a metric for...

Solution: Water potential (${{\psi }_{w}}$) is the sum of solute potential (${{\psi }_{s}}$) and pressure potential ${{\psi }_{p}}:{{\psi }_{w}}={{\psi }_{s}}+{{\psi }_{p}}$ The osmotic potential,...

Solution: Phloem, a vascular bundle, is in charge of transporting food from the source to the sink. During seasons like spring, however, the process is reversed since the food that has been stored...

Solution: Half In terms of CO2 fixation, C4 plants are twice as efficient as C3 plants, but they lose half as much water for the same amount of CO2 fixed.

Solution: Both the cell wall and the cell membrane surround the cytoplasm of plant cells. Water and chemicals in solutions pass freely through the cell wall, but the membrane is selectively...

Solution: Transpiration pull Even for a 20-meter-tall tree, water travels up against gravity. Water is delivered to the tip within two hours. Transpiration pull is the most essential physiological...

Solution: Pressure The pressure created by dry seeds absorbing water from the earth increases, allowing seedlings to emerge from the soil.

Solution: Exosmosis A blossoming plant is irrigated and put in an earthen container. The plant is given urea to help it grow faster, but it eventually dies. Exosmosis could be to blame. Explanation:...

Solution: Pressure and concentration gradient Water diffuses over the cell membrane in osmosis, which is a type of diffusion. The pace and direction of osmosis are determined by a variety of...

Solution: Antiport Antiport is a type of passive transport across a membrane in which two protein molecules travel in opposite directions and independently of one another. Antiport is the...

Solution: Smaller, lipid-soluble molecules diffuse faster through the cell membrane, although some transporters, which are primarily proteins, aid the passage of hydrophilic compounds.

Solution: Option (b) is the answer. Because the water in chamber A contains fewer solute particles, the water potential in chamber A is higher, allowing the water molecules in chamber A to move more...

Solution: Option (c) is the answer. Fungal mycelia are found in the roots of several higher plants. Mycorrhiza is the name for such a relationship. It reflects a mutualistic (symbiotic) relationship...

Solution: Option (c) is the answer. Water potential is the term for water's free energy. Water potential is also known as water's chemical potential. The kinetic energy or water potential of a...

Solution: Option (c) is the answer. Mineral ions are regularly moved from older portions of a plant to apical and lateral meristems, new leaves, developing fruits and seeds by diffusion and active...

Solution: Option (c) is the answer. Water is absorbed by solids-colloids during imbibition, causing them to expand dramatically in volume. Water absorption by seeds and dry wood are two famous...

Solution: Option (a) is the answer. Guttation occurs in the absence of transpiration, particularly in low-light situations (early morning). While guttation causes water droplets to accumulate on the...

Solution: Option (c) is the answer. Sugars synthesized in leaves (as a result of photosynthesis) are transported primarily through phloem downwards, upwardly, and laterally to all other organs,...

Solution: Option (a) is the answer. The evaporative loss of water by plants is known as transpiration. It is mostly transmitted through the stomata in the leaves. In a dorsiventral (typically...