Option (i) is correct During polymerisation, extensive cross linking results in the creation of a three-dimensional network that is rigid, insoluble, and infusible.
(i) Assertion and reason both are correct statements but reason does not explain the assertion. (ii) Assertion and reason both are correct statements and reason explain the assertion. (iii) Both assertion and reason are the wrong statements. (iv) The assertion is correct statement and reason is the wrong statement. (v) The assertion is the wrong statement and reason is the correct statement. Assertion: For making rubber synthetically, isoprene molecules are polymerised. Reason: Neoprene (a polymer of chloroprene) is a synthetic rubber.
Option (v) is correct Natural rubber is made up of isoprene molecules, while neoprene, a synthetic rubber, is made up of chloroprene polymers.
(i) Assertion and reason both are correct statements but reason does not explain the assertion. (ii) Assertion and reason both are correct statements and reason explain the assertion. (iii) Both assertion and reason are the wrong statements. (iv) The assertion is correct statement and reason is the wrong statement. (v) The assertion is the wrong statement and reason is the correct statement.Assertion: Polyamides are best used as fibres because of high tensile strength. Reason: Strong intermolecular forces (like hydrogen bonding within polyamides) lead to close packing of chains and increase the crystalline character, hence, provide high tensile strength to polymers.
Option (ii) is correct Polyamides, such as nylon, are the most often used fibres. Because of the strong intermolecular hydrogen connection, they have a high tensile strength.
(i) Assertion and reason both are correct statements but reason does not explain the assertion. (ii) Assertion and reason both are correct statements and reason explain the assertion. (iii) Both assertion and reason are the wrong statements. (iv) The assertion is correct statement and reason is the wrong statement. (v) The assertion is the wrong statement and reason is the correct statement.Assertion: Most of the Synthetic polymers are not biodegradable. Reason: Polymerisation process induces toxic character in organic molecules.
Option (iv) is correct Enzymatic hydrolysis and environmental oxidation do not destroy the majority of synthetic polymers. Toxic characteristics are not produced via polymerization.
Match the polymers given in Column I with their repeating units given in Column II.
(i) is d (ii) is a (iii) is b (iv) is e (v) is c
Match the polymers given in Column I with the preferred mode of polymerisation followed by their monomers.
(i) is d (ii) is a (iii) is b
Match the polymers given in Column I with their main applications given in Column II.
(i) is d (ii) is e (iii) is a (iv) is f (v) is b (vi) is c
Match the polymers given in Column I with their commercial names given in Column II.
(i) is b (ii) is c (iii) is a (iv) is e (v) is d
Match the polymers given in Column I with their chemical names given in Column II.
(i) is c (ii) is a (iii) is b (iv) is e (v) is d
Which factor imparts crystalline nature to a polymer like nylon?
Intermolecular H –bonding exists between the two terminal groups –C=O and –NH, allowing one Nylon molecule to join another. Because intermolecular H –bonding is relatively strong, it can result in...
What is the structural difference between HDP and LDP? How does the structure account for different behaviour and nature, hence the use of a polymer?
HDP stands for high-density polymer with a linear structure, whereas LDP stands for low-density polymer with a branching structure. HDP has a greater melting point and is chemically inert, whereas...
Why does cis-polyisoprene possess elastic property?
The polymer may be stretched by applying force due to the presence of these weak forces. When the external force is released, the polymer recovers to its original condition, showing elastic...
How is the following resin intermediate prepared and which polymer is formed by this monomer unit?
The two starting monomers for this Resin intermediate are melamine and formaldehyde. Melamine polymer is the result of their condensed polymerization.
Can the enzyme be called a polymer?
The enzyme functions as a catalyst, speeding up biological processes. Proteins make up their structure. Proteins are polymers made up of monomeric units called amino acids. As a result, enzymes are...
Why are rubbers called elastomers?
Rubber may be stretched by applying force and then returned to its original shape once the force is removed. As a result, they are referred to as elastomers.
Identify the type of polymer given in the following figure.
This is a network or cross-linked polymer. Cross-linking connects two linear polymers.
Out of chain growth polymerisation and step-growth polymerisation, in which type will, you place the following.
In this illustration, a chain-growth polymerization process combines two monomers to produce a polymer. Only monomers react with each other to keep the chain expanding.
Which of the following polymers can have strong intermolecular forces? (i) Nylon (ii) Polystyrene (iii) Rubber (iv) Polyesters
Option (i) and (iv) are the answers. Nylon and polyester are thread-forming fibres with a high melting point and tensile strength. Intermolecular forces such as hydrogen bonding are strong.
Which of the following is an example of a synthetic rubber? (i) Polychloroprene (ii) Polyacrylonitrile (iii) Buna-N (iv) cis-polyisoprene
Option (i) and (iii) are the answers. Polychloroprene and Buna-N are examples of a synthetic rubber
Which of the following polymers are used as fibre? (i) Polytetrafluoroethane (ii) Polychloroprene (iii) Nylon (iv) Terylene
Option (iii) and (iv) are the answers. Because of strong intermolecular interactions such as H-bonding, nylon and terylene are employed as fibres, resulting in tight chain packing and therefore...
Which of the following polymers are thermoplastic? (i) Teflon (ii) Natural rubber (iii) Neoprene (iv) Polystyrene
Option (i) and (iv) are the answers. Teflon and polystyrene are thermoplastics because they can be melted and moulded anew.
Which of the following are characteristics of thermosetting polymers? (i) Heavily branched cross-linked polymers. (ii) Linear slightly branched long-chain molecules. (iii) Become infusible on moulding so cannot be reused. (iv) Soften on heating and harden on cooling, can be reused.
Option (i) and (iii) are the answers. Thermosetting polymers have a lot of branching cross links. They can't be used again since they don't melt when heated and can't be remoulded.
What is a biodegradable polymer? Give an example of a biodegradable aliphatic polyester.
A biodegradable polymer is a polymer that microorganisms can degrade. An example of aliphatic biodegradable polyester is a poly-β-hydroxybutyrate-CO-β-hydroxy valerate (PHBV).
How is dacron obtained from ethylene glycol and terephthalic acid?
The condensation polymerization of terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol produces dacron. The reaction demonstrating the same is as follows:
Identify the monomer in the following polymeric structures:
(i) (ii) Solution: (i) The monomers of the given polymeric structure are hexamethylene diamine [H2N(CH2)6NH2] and decanoic acid [HOOC – (CH2)8 – COOH]. (ii) The following are the monomers that make...
Write the names and structures of the monomers of the following polymers: (i) Buna-S (ii) Buna-N (iii) Neoprene (iv) Dacron
The names and structures of the given polymers are as follows:
What are the monomeric repeating units of Nylon-6 and Nylon-6,6?
The [NH - (CH2)5 –CO] monomeric repeating unit of Nylon-6 is obtained from Caprolactam. The [NH – (CH2)6 - NH CO – (CH2)4 – CO] monomeric repeating unit of nylon-6, 6 is made up of diamine...
Discuss the main purpose of the vulcanization of rubber.
Natural rubber is beneficial but also has drawbacks. The disadvantages of natural rubber are as follows: Natural rubber is sticky and soft at room temperature. At higher temperatures, above 335 K,...
How does the presence of double bonds in rubber molecules influence their structure and reactivity?
Natural rubber is a cis-polyisoprene with double bonds between the two isoprene units, C2 and C3. Intermolecular interactions between the multiple isoprene units are relatively weak due to their...
Write the name and structure of one of the common initiators used in free radical addition polymerization.
One of the most popular initiator names and structures used in free radical polymerization is benzoyl peroxide.
Write the monomers used for getting the following polymers. (i) Polyvinyl chloride (ii) Teflon (iii) Bakelite
Monomers used: (1) Vinyl chloride (CH2=CHClCH22=CHCl)(2) Tetrafluoroethylene (CF2= CF2 CF2=CF2)(3) Phenol (C6H5OHC6H5OH) and Formaldehyde (HCHO)
Define thermoplastics and thermosetting polymers with two examples of each.
The term "thermosetting polymers" refers to cross-linked or heavily branched polymers that harden during the molding process. They cannot be softened any further by heating. For example, Bakelite is...
Write the free radical mechanism for the polymerisation of ethene.
Free radical mechanism of ethene consists of three steps which are as follows:- (i) Chain initiation step: (ii) Chain propagation step: (iii) Chain termination step:...
Explain the term copolymerization and give two examples.
The mechanism by which polymers are produced from two or more monomeric units is known as co-polymerization. There are several units of each monomer in a copolymer. Following are the two examples of...
How can you differentiate between addition and condensation polymerization?
Addition Polymerization Condensation Polymerization 1. Monomers must have either a double bond or triple bond 1. Monomers must have two similar or different functional groups 2. No by-products are...
Determine the groups where the polymers are graded according to molecular forces?
Based on the number of intermolecular forces present in polymers, polymers are divided into the following groups: (a) Fibres (b) Elastomers (c) Thermosetting polymers (d) Thermoplastic...
Is ( NH-CHR-CO )n, a homopolymer or copolymer?
(−NH—CHR—CO−)n is a homopolymer because it is derived from a single monomeric unit, (-NH-CHR-CO-)
Define the term polymerization.
Polymerization is the process of producing macromolecules with a large molecular mass falling in the range 10-3 -10-7u that are made up of repetitive structural units called monomers. A polymer is...
How do you explain the functionality of a monomer?
Functionality is the number of binding sites present in a monomer.The monomers ethene and propene, for example, each have a functionality of one.Each of the monomers 1,3-butadiene and adipic acid...
What are natural and synthetic polymers? Give two examples of each type.
Natural polymers are polymers that occur naturally. Polymers derived from animals and plants are known as natural polymers. Protein, starch, cellulose, and other natural polymers are examples....
Explain the terms polymer and monomer.
Polymers are macromolecules with a large molecular mass that are made up of repeated monomer-derived structural units. Polymers have an enormous molecular mass of 10-3-10-7u. Covalent bonds join a...