The ratio is used for comparing two quantities of the sane kind. The ratio formula for two numbers says a and b is given by a:b or a/b. When two or more such ratios are equal, they are said to be in...
Perform the following operations and state the one transformation that happens in each.(iii) Mo.My on B (iv) Mx.Mo on P
Mo.My $\left( 4,6 \right)$ Mo $\left( -4,6 \right)$ Therefore, reflection within the x – axis $\left( 4,-6 \right)$ Mx.Mo $\left( -1,-3 \right)$ Mx $\left( -1,3 \right)$...
Perform the following operations and state the one transformation that happens in each.(i) Mx.My on P ii) My.Mo on A
Mx.My $\left( 2,-5 \right)$ Mx $\left( -2,-5 \right)$ Therefore, reflection within the origin is $\left( -2,-5 \right)$ My.Mo $\left( -7,3 \right)$ My $\left( 7,-3 \right)$ Therefore,...
Which of the following ratios is greater?(iii) and (iv) and
The ratio is used for comparing two quantities of the sane kind. The ratio formula for two numbers says a and b is given by a:b or a/b. When two or more such ratios are equal, they are said to be in...
Which of the following ratios is greater?(i) and (ii) and
The ratio is used for comparing two quantities of the sane kind. The ratio formula for two numbers says a and b is given by a:b or a/b. When two or more such ratios are equal, they are said to be in...
Point P is reflected within the x-axis to the point P’. The point P’ is then reflected in the origin to point P”. Mention down the co-ordinates of P”. State the one transformation that maps P into P”.
In the question it is mention that, P $=\left( -8,1 \right)$ The co-ordinates of P’ under reflection within the x –axis $=\left( -8,-1 \right)$ Then, the co-ordinates of p” under reflection within...
Find the reciprocal ratio of the following:(iii) (iv)
The ratio is used for comparing two quantities of the sane kind. The ratio formula for two numbers says a and b is given by a:b or a/b. When two or more such ratios are equal, they are said to be in...
Find the reciprocal ratio of the following:(i) (ii)
The ratio is used for comparing two quantities of the sane kind. The ratio formula for two numbers says a and b is given by a:b or a/b. When two or more such ratios are equal, they are said to be in...
A triangle ABC lies in the co-ordinate plane. The co-ordinates of its vertices are A , B and C . This triangle is reflected in the line y on to ΔA’B’C’. ΔA’B’C’ in then reflected in the origin onto ΔA”B”C”. Mention down the co-ordinates of ΔA’B’C’ and ΔA”B”C”.
In the question it is mentioned that, The co–ordinates of its vertices are A $\left( 2,3 \right)$, B $\left( 4,-4 \right)$ and C $\left( 6,-7 \right)$ Then, co-ordinates of ΔA’B’C’ under...
12. Find the sub – triplicate ratio of the following:(iii) (iv)
The ratio is used for comparing two quantities of the sane kind. The ratio formula for two numbers says a and b is given by a:b or a/b. When two or more such ratios are equal, they are said to be in...
Find the sub – triplicate ratio of the following:(i) (ii)
The ratio is used for comparing two quantities of the sane kind. The ratio formula for two numbers says a and b is given by a:b or a/b. When two or more such ratios are equal, they are said to be in...
write down the co-ordinates of the picture of the point under reflection within the origin and under reflection within the y-axis. Calculate the distance between the points of reflection?
Lets presume that S be the Point, So, S $=\left( -2,4 \right)$ Then, picture under reflection within the origin S’ $=\left( 2,-4 \right)$ And picture under reflection in the y-axis S” $=\left( 2,4...
Find the sub – duplicate ratio of the following:(iii) (iv)
The ratio is used for comparing two quantities of the sane kind. The ratio formula for two numbers says a and b is given by a:b or a/b. When two or more such ratios are equal, they are said to be in...
Find the sub – duplicate ratio of the following:(i) (ii)
The ratio is used for comparing two quantities of the sane kind. The ratio formula for two numbers says a and b is given by a:b or a/b. When two or more such ratios are equal, they are said to be in...
Point P is mapped onto P’ under the reflection within the x-axis. Under the reflection P’ is mapped onto P” within the origin. Mention below the co-ordinates of P if are the co-ordinates of P”. State the one transformation that happens.
In the question it is mentioned that, P” $=(5,-2)$ Then, are the co-ordinates of P’$=(-5,2)$ Therefore, the co-ordinates of P$=(-5,-2)$ One transformation = reflection within the y-axis
The B and C points have the co-ordinates and. Find B’, the picture of B under the reflection in the x-axis and C’, the picture of C under the reflection in the line BB’.
In the question it is mentioned that, B point $=\left( 3,2 \right)$ C point $=\left( 0,3 \right)$ Then, the reflection of B in the x – axis is B’ $=\left( 3,-2 \right)$ And the reflection of C in...
Find the duplicate ratio of the following:(iii) (iv)
The ratio is used for comparing two quantities of the sane kind. The ratio formula for two numbers says a and b is given by a:b or a/b. When two or more such ratios are equal, they are said to be in...
R point is reflected in the origin as R’. Q point is reflected in the x-axis as Q’. Mention down the co-ordinates of R’ and Q’. Calculate the distance between R’ Q’.
In the question it is mentioned that R point = $\left( 3,-2 \right)$ Then, a R point is reflected in the origin as R’ $=\left( -3,2 \right)$ Q point $=\left( -7,1 \right)$ Then, a Q...
State the co-ordinates of pictures of the following spots under reflection in the x-axis:(iii) (iv)
The co-ordinates of the pictures of the spots given under reflection in the x-axis is $(0,6)$ The co-ordinates of the pictures of the spots given under reflection in the x-axis is $(-4,8)$
State the co-ordinates of pictures of the following spots under reflection in the x-axis:
(i) (ii)
The co-ordinates of the pictures of the spots given under reflection in the x-axis is $(3,9)$ The co-ordinates of the pictures of the spots given under reflection in the x-axis is $(-7,5)$
Find the ratio of the following in the simplest form:(iii) ₹ and paise(iv) and
The ratio is used for comparing two quantities of the sane kind. The ratio formula for two numbers says a and b is given by a:b or a/b. When two or more such ratios are equal, they are said to be in...
Find the ratio of the following in the simplest form:(i) and (ii) and
Given numbers can be written as, $5.60/2.40$ Now, shifting the decimal points we get, $=28/12$…[because diving both by $2$] $=14/6$…[because diving both by $2$] $=7/3$…[because diving both by $2$]...
A P point is reflected in the x-axis. Co-ordinates of its picture are . Find the co-ordinates of P. Find the co-ordinates of the picture of P under reflection in the y-axis.
In the question it is mention that, P’ $=(-3,4)$ Then, is the co-ordinates of P under reflection in the x -axis$(-3,-4)$ also the co-ordinates of P” under reflection in the y – axis is $(3,-4)$ The...
If and then find
The ratio is used for comparing two quantities of the sane kind. The ratio formula for two numbers says a and b is given by a:b or a/b. When two or more such ratios are equal, they are said to be in...
A P point is reflected in the x-axis to P’. P’ is then reflected in the origin to P”. If the co-ordinates of P’ are . Find the co-ordinates of P and P”. Mention the one transformation that map P onto P”.
In the question it is mention that, P’ $(-3,4)$ Then, $( -3,-4)$is the co-ordinates of P under reflection in the x-axis. Also, $( 3,-4)$is the co-ordinates of P” under reflection in the origin The...
If , then find
The ratio is used for comparing two quantities of the sane kind. The ratio formula for two numbers says a and b is given by a:b or a/b. When two or more such ratios are equal, they are said to be in...
If ; find the value of
The ratio is used for comparing two quantities of the sane kind. The ratio formula for two numbers says a and b is given by a:b or a/b. When two or more such ratios are equal, they are said to be in...
S’ is the picture of S under reflection in the origin. If the co-ordinates of S are , then mention the co-ordinates of S’
In the question, s$=( 2,-5)$ is given Then,$(-2,5)$ is the co-ordinates of S’ under reflection in the origin.
A man’s monthly income is ₹ . He saves every month a minimum of ₹ . Find the ratio of his:(i) Annual expenses to annual income.(ii) Monthly savings to monthly expenses
The ratio is used for comparing two quantities of the sane kind. The ratio formula for two numbers says a and b is given by a:b or a/b. When two or more such ratios are equal, they are said to be in...
P’ is the picture of P under reflection in the x-axis. If the co-ordinates of P’ are , then mention the co-ordinates of P.
From the question P’ $=(2,10)$is given Then, $( 2,-10)$is the co-ordinates of P under reflection in the x-axis.
If , find the value of
The ratio is used for comparing two quantities of the sane kind. The ratio formula for two numbers says a and b is given by a:b or a/b. When two or more such ratios are equal, they are said to be in...
State the co-ordinates of the pictures of the following spots under reflection in the origin:(iii) (iv)
The co-ordinates of the pictures of the spots given under reflection in the origin is $( 0,-2)$ The co-ordinates of the pictures of the spots given under reflection in the origin is (-9,9)
State the co-ordinates of the pictures of the following spots under reflection in the origin:(i)(-1,-4)( 2,7)$
The co-ordinates of the images of the spots given under reflection in the origin is $(1,4)$ The co-ordinates of the pictures of the spots given under reflection in the origin is $( -2,-7)
State the co-ordinates of the pictures of the following spots under reflection in the y-axis:(iii) (iv)
The co-ordinates of the pictures of the spots given under reflection in the y-axis is $(-5,-6)$ The co-ordinates of the pictures of the spots given under reflection in the y-axis is $( 4,7)$
State the co-ordinates of the pictures of the following spots under reflection in the y-axis:(i) (ii)
The co-ordinates of the pictures of the spots given under reflection in the y-axis is $(-2,8)$ The co-ordinates of the pictures of the spots given under reflection in the y-axis is $(1,-3)$
If , find the following(iii)
The ratio is used for comparing two quantities of the sane kind. The ratio formula for two numbers says a and b is given by a:b or a/b. When two or more such ratios are equal, they are said to be in...
If , find the following(i) (ii)
The ratio is used for comparing two quantities of the sane kind. The ratio formula for two numbers says a and b is given by a:b or a/b. When two or more such ratios are equal, they are said to be in...
If the mean of is 13, find x.
In question, Given that: $8,14,20,x\And 12$ Mean $=13$ We have to find out the value for x, Then, Whereas, N is the total number $N=5$ $\bar{x}=(x1+x2+..xn)/n$ $13=(8+14+20+x+12)/5$...
If the mean of is, find p
In question given that, $11,14,p,26,10,12,18\And 6$ Mean $=15$ We have to find the value for p, Whereas n is the total number \[N=8\] $\bar{x}=(x1+x2+..xn)/n$...
The mean monthly income of 10 persons is . If a new member with a monthly income of jons the group, find the new monthly income
In the question it is given that, The mean monthly income of 10 persons is $8670$ Where n is the number of persons, $n=10$ as we know that, $\bar{x}=(x1+x2+...+xn)/n$ $8,670=\sum{xn/10}$...
Find the mean of all natural numbers from to. Find the new mean when each number is diminished by .
Natural number: it is define as a counting number All the natural numbers from $32$to $46$are, \[32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46\] Where n is the total number, $N=15$...
Ms. Chitra opened a saving bank account with SBI on 05.04.2007 with a cheque deposit of Rs . Subsequently, she took out Rs on 12.05.2007; deposited a cheque of Rs. on 03.06.2007 and paid Rs – by cheque on 18.06.2007.
(a) Make the entries in her passbookIf the rate of simple interest was pa compounded at the end of March and September, find her balance on 1.04.2008
(a) From giving data in the question, We have to make the entries in passbook, So, the table have 5 columns. The data in 5 columns are, DateParticulars Withdrawals Depots Balance....
5. The percentage of marks obtained by a student in monthly unit tests are given below
Unit TestIIIIIIIVVVIPercentage of marks obtained by students$72$$67$$69$$74$$71$$76$ (iii) less than $65%$marks in a unit test. Answer- Probability – the chances of something happening. (iii) The...
Mrs. Khandelkar invests Rs every month in a recurring deposit account for a period of years at a simple interest rate of pa.
(a) Find the total interest she will earn at the end of the period.(b) Find the maturity value of her deposits.
From the question it is given that, Mrs. Khandelkar invests ₹$900$ every month in a recurring deposit account. Period = $3$ years We know that, 1 year = $12$ Months So, $3$years = $3\times...
The percentage of marks obtained by a student in monthly unit tests are given below
Unit Test$$IIIIII1VVVIPercentage of marks obtained$72$$67$$69$$74$$71$$76$ Based on this data find the probability that the student gets. (i) More than $70%$ marks in a unit test. (ii) less than...
Find the mean of all odd numbers from to . Find the new mean when each number is multiplied by .
Odd number is that is not divided by two All odd numbers from $5$ to $20$ are, $5,7,9,11,13,15,17,19$ Where as n is the total number $N=8$ Then, $\bar{x}=(x1+x2+...xn)/n$...
Find the mean of all numbers from
to .
Therefore, We know that ,all the numbers from \[7\]to $17$are: $7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17$ Whereas n is the total number, $N=11$ Then, $\bar{x}=(x1+x2+...xn)/n$...
Find the mean of first prime numbers.
Prime no: its only divided by $1$ and exactly only by itself . We all know that, The first $10$ prime numbers are: $2,3,5,7,9,11,13,17,19,23,29$ Whereas ‘n’ is the total numbers $N=10$ Then,...
Find the mean of first even numbers.
Mean is the average vale in a collection of numbers. We all know that, the first $12$ even numbers are: $2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16,18,20,22,24$ Whereas ‘n’ is the total number Then,$n=12$...
A die is thrown times and frequencies of the outcomes were noted as given in the following table
Outcomes$1$$2$$3$$4$$5$$6$Frequency$73$$70$$74$$75$$80$$78$ (iii) a number $>4$ SOLUTION- (iii) Number of times greater than 4 come on the die = $80+78=158$ $P(>4$will come up on die$)$...
Anurag went to a shop to buy a leather coat coasting . The sales tax on it is . He requested the shopkeeper to reduce the price to such an extent that he has to pay only including the sales tax. Find the reduction given by the shopkeeper.
Given The cost of leather coat is ₹$2,654$ The rate of sales tax $9%$ Calculation, Let, the reduced price if coat be$y$ Total amount of the coat $=y+9%$of $=1y+\left( 9/100 \right)y$ $=109y/100$...
Nirmala went to a shop to buy a titan watch. The cost of the watch was . The rate of sales tax is . The shopkeeper gave her a discount such that she got the watch for only . Find the discount given by the shopkeeper.
Given, The cost of titan watch is ₹$3,250$ The rate of sales tax$12%$ Let, the reduced price of watch be$y$ Total amount of the watch $=y+12%$of$y$ $=1y+\left( 12/100 \right)y$ $=112y/100$...
Laxman went to a shop to buy a fan costing . The rate of sales tax is . He requests the shopkeeper to reduce the price to such an extent that he has to pay only including the sales tax. Find the reduction needed in the price of the fan.
Given The cost of fan = ₹$750$ The rate of sales tax = $6%$ Calculation, Let, the reduced price of fan be$y$ Total amount of the fan $=y+6%$of$y$ $=1y+\left( 6/100 \right)y$ $=106y/100$ But, the...
The price of a scooter including sales tax at the rate of is . Find the basic price of the scooter.
Given The total cost of a scooter including sales tax is ₹$37,462.50$ The rate of sales tax $11%$ Calculation Let, the basic price of scooter be$y$ Total price of the scooter = ₹$\left[ y+\left(...
A die is thrown times and frequencies of the outcomes were noted as given in the following table
outcome$1$$2$$3$$4$$5$$6$Frequency$73$$70$$74$$75$$80$$78$ (i) $4$ (ii) a number $<4$ Solution:- In the question it is given that, a die is thrown $450$ times So, total number of times die thrown...
The price of a pair of Nike shoes including sales tax at the rate of is . Find the basic price of the shoes
Given The total cost of a Nike shoes including sales tax is ₹$1,572.90$ The rate of sales tax$7%$ Let, the basic price of Nike shoes be$y$ So, total price of the Shoes = ₹$\left[ y+\left( \left(...
The price of a T.V. set inclusive of sales tax at the rate of is . Find the basic price of the T.V. set.
Given The total cost of a T.V. set including sales tax is ₹$30,552$ The rate of sales tax$14%$ Calculation Let, the basic price of T.V. set be$y$ So, total price of the T.V. set = ₹$\left[ y+\left(...
The total cost of a refrigerator including sales tax is . If the rate of sales tax , find the basic price of the refrigerator
Given, The total cost of a refrigerator including sales tax is ₹$30,940$ The rate of sales tax$12%$ Calculation, Let, the basic price of refrigerator be $y$ Total price of the refrigerator =...
The marked price of an article is and the sales tax on it is . Find the rate of sales tax.
Given The marked price of an article is ₹$17,840$ The sales tax = ₹$2,230$ Calculation, Rate of sales tax = ($100\times $Sale tax)/marked price = $\left( 100\times 2,230 \right)/17,840$ =$12.5%$...
A Samsung plasma T.V. is priced in the showroom at . The sales tax on it is . Find the rate of sales tax
Given Price of Samsung plasma T.V. in the showroom = ₹$68,000$ Sales tax = ₹$14,960$ Calculation, Rate of sales tax = ($100\times $Sale tax)/marked price = $\left( 100\times 14,960 \right)/68,000$...
The list price of a chair is and the sales tax on it is . Find the rate of sales tax
Given The list price of chair = ₹$7,500$ Sales tax = ₹$1,125$ Calculation, Rate of sales tax = ($100\times $ Sale tax)/marked price $=\left( 100\times 1,125 \right)/7,500$ =$15%$ $\therefore $ Rate...
Find the selling price of an electronic washing machine priced at and carrying a sales tax of .
Given List price of electronic washing machine = ₹$24,600$ Rate of sales tax =$15%$ Sales tax = (list price × rate of sale tax) $/100$ $=\left( 24,600\times 15 \right)/100$ = ₹$3,690$ Selling price...
A watch is listed at and the sales tax on it is . Find the selling price of the watch
Given Rate of sales tax on watch =$18%$ Listed price of watch = ₹$15,500$ Sales tax = (list price × rate of sale tax)$/100$ $=\left( 15,500\times 18 \right)//100$ = ₹$2,790$ Selling price of watch =...
Find the amount paid by Rajesh to buy a leather bag whose list price is
and the rate of sales tax is .
Given List price of the leather bag = ₹$4,850$ The rate of sales tax =$12%$ Sales tax = (list price × rate of sale tax)$/100$ $=\left( 4,850\times 12 \right)/100$ = ₹$582$ The amount paid by Rajesh...
. Two coins are tossed simultaneously times and the outcomes are noted as
Two tails: $83$ One tail: $140$ No tail: $77$ Find the probability of occurrence of each these events. Solution:- the extent to which an event is likely to occur, measured by the ratio of the...
2. families with children were selected randomly, and the following data were recorded:
Number of girls in a family$0$$1$$2$Number of families$333$$392$$275$ Find the probability of a family, having (iii) no girl Solution:- The extent to which an event is likely to occur and measured...
. Find the rate of sales tax of the following items whose marked price and sales tax are given below:
S. No.ItemMarked PriceSales Tax(i)Shoes₹ 2,740.00₹ 137.00(ii)Music system₹ 16,400.00₹ 2,050.00(iii)Vacuum cleaners₹ 8,325.00₹ 1,332.00(iv)Digital diary₹ 3,500.00₹ 367.50(v)VCD₹ 27,916.00₹ 4,047.82...
Find the rate of sales tax of the following items whose marked price and sales tax are given below:
S. No.ItemMarked PriceSales Tax(i)Shoes₹ 2,740.00₹ 137.00(ii)Music system₹ 16,400.00₹ 2,050.00(iii)Vacuum cleaners₹ 8,325.00₹ 1,332.00(iv)Digital diary₹ 3,500.00₹ 367.50(v)VCD₹ 27,916.00₹ 4,047.82...
The marked price and the rate of sales tax of different items are given below. Calculate the amount to be paid for each of them:
S. No.ItemMarked PriceRate of Sales Tax(i)Walkman₹ 1,750.008.5%(ii)Washing machine₹14,840.007.5%(iii)Computer₹ 32,725.0012%(iv)Sofa set₹ 16,000.0011.5%(v)T.V.₹ 28,975.0016%(vi)Jacket₹...
2. families with children were selected randomly, and the following data were recorded:
Number of girls in a family$0$$1$$2$Number of families$333$$392$$275$ Find the probability of a family, having (i) $1$ girl (ii) $2$ girls Solution:- Probability is the branch mathematics...
The marked price and the rate of sales tax of different items are given below. Calculate the amount to be paid for each of them:
S. No.ItemMarked PriceRate of Sales Tax(i)Walkman₹ 1,750.008.5%(ii)Washing machine₹14,840.007.5%(iii)Computer₹ 32,725.0012%(iv)Sofa set₹ 16,000.0011.5%(v)T.V.₹ 28,975.0016%(vi)Jacket₹...
The marked price and the rate of sales tax of different items are given below. Calculate the amount to be paid for each of them:
S. No.ItemMarked PriceRate of Sales Tax(i)Walkman₹ 1,750.008.5%(ii)Washing machine₹14,840.007.5%(iii)Computer₹ 32,725.0012%(iv)Sofa set₹ 16,000.0011.5%(v)T.V.₹ 28,975.0016%(vi)Jacket₹...
1. The marked price and the rate of sales tax of different items are given below. Calculate the amount to be paid for each of them:
S. No.ItemMarked PriceRate of Sales Tax(i)Walkman₹ 1,750.008.5%(ii)Washing machine₹14,840.007.5% (i) Marked price = $1,750$, Rate of sales tax = $8.5%$ Sales tax = (marked price × rate of sale...
1. A coin is tossed times and the outcomes were noted as: Head: , Tail : . Find the probability of the coin showing up (i) a head, (ii) a tail.
Probability means possibility. It is a branch of mathematics that deals with the occurrence of a random event. The value is expressed from zero to one. From the question it is given that, A...
Draw a circle of radius and circumscribe a square about it.
In old style math, a span of a circle or circle is any of the line fragments from its middle to its edge, and in more current utilization, it is additionally their length. In math, the circumference...
Draw a circle with radius and inscribe an equilateral triangle in it.
In old style math, a span of a circle or circle is any of the line fragments from its middle to its edge, and in more current utilization, it is additionally their length. In math, the circumference...
Using ruler compasses only, construct in which , and . Inscribe a circle in the and measure its radius.
In old style math, a span of a circle or circle is any of the line fragments from its middle to its edge, and in more current utilization, it is additionally their length. In math, the circumference...
Draw two circles with radii and with their centers apart. Draw a direct common tangent and a transverse common tangent. Calculate the length of the direct common tangent.
In old style math, a span of a circle or circle is any of the line fragments from its middle to its edge, and in more current utilization, it is additionally their length. In math, the circumference...
Draw two circles of radii and , their centers being apart. Construct a transverse common tangent and measure its length.
In old style math, a span of a circle or circle is any of the line fragments from its middle to its edge, and in more current utilization, it is additionally their length. In math, the circumference...
Draw two circles of radii and respectively so that their centers are apart. Draw direct common tangents to the circle and show that they are equal in length.
In old style math, a span of a circle or circle is any of the line fragments from its middle to its edge, and in more current utilization, it is additionally their length. In math, the circumference...
Draw two circles of radii and respectively so that their centers are apart. Draw direct common tangents to the circle.
Radii is also known as radius. In old style math, a span of a circle or circle is any of the line fragments from its middle to its edge, and in more current utilization, it is additionally their...
Using ruler and compass only, draw tangents to a circle of radius from a point from the center. What is the length of each of them?
In old style math, a span of a circle or circle is any of the line fragments from its middle to its edge, and in more current utilization, it is additionally their length. In math, the circumference...
Draw a circle with center O and radius . Take a point P outside the circle. Draw tangents to the circle from P without using the center and using only ruler and compasses
In old style math, a span of a circle or circle is any of the line fragments from its middle to its edge, and in more current utilization, it is additionally their length. In math, the circumference...
Draw a circle with center O and radius . Take a point ‘P’ at distance of from the center. Using ruler and compasses only construct the tangent to the circle from the point.
In old style math, a span of a circle or circle is any of the line fragments from its middle to its edge, and in more current utilization, it is additionally their length. In math, the circumference...
Draw a circle of radius . Take a point P on its circumference. Construct a tangent to the circle at P without using the center.
In old style math, a span of a circle or circle is any of the line fragments from its middle to its edge, and in more current utilization, it is additionally their length. In math, the circumference...
Draw a circle of radius 4 cm and take a point P on its circumference. Construct a tangent to the circle at P.
In old style math, a span of a circle or circle is any of the line fragments from its middle to its edge, and in more current utilization, it is additionally their length. In math, the circumference...