| Metals | Non-metals |
| 1. When metals are heated with oxygen, ionic oxides occur, which are basic in nature and dissolve in water to produce bases. This changes the colour of red litmus paper to blue. | 1. When non-metals are heated with oxygen, covalent oxides occur, which are acidic in nature and dissolve in water to produce acid. This causes the blue litmus paper to turn red. |
| 2. Metals are lustrous. | 2. Non-metals are non-lustrous; graphite is the exception |
| 3. They are electropositive and rapidly shed electrons, resulting in a positive ion. | 3. They gain electrons and become negative ions since they are electro negative. |
| 4. Metals are good heat and electrical conductors. | 4. Non-metals, with the exception of graphite, are non-conductors of electricity and heat. |
| 5. Reducing agents. | 5. Good oxidizing agents. |
| 6. All metals are solids except mercury. | 6. Non-metals are in solid-liquid and gaseous states |
Differentiate between metal and non-metal on the basis of their chemical properties.