(i) Underground parts of a plant are not always roots.

(ii) The flower is a modified shoot.

Solution:

(i) Stems of a few plants, such as ginger, remain underground for vegetative reproduction and food storage. Potato stems, which have been changed, also remain underground. The existence of nodes (buds and scale leaves) and internodes on a potato tuber is shown. The presence of an apical bud at the potato tuber’s apex confirms that it is a stem. As a result, these instances demonstrate that underground components are not invariably roots.

ii) Floral meristems arise from apical meristems, and the stem’s axis becomes condensed as internodes become closer together. As a result, floral appendages appear in place of stalks, indicating that the bloom is a modified shoot.