(i)   Rivers contaminated with sewage.

(ii)  Too much gaseous exhausts containing CO₂ and SO₂.

(iii) Pesticides such as DDT used in agriculture.’

(iv) Prolonged noise such as the one produced by crackers

Solution:-

(i)

(1) When rivers are contaminated with sewage, the creatures that live in them perish as a result of the toxic elements.

(2) When too much dangerous gases are released into the environment, air pollution occurs, causing respiratory issues in people.

(ii)

(1) When inhaled, sulphur dioxide has a negative impact on human health. Coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath, or a tight feeling around the chest are all symptoms of it irritating the nose, throat, and airways.

(2) By displacing oxygen in the atmosphere, carbon dioxide emissions have an impact on human health. As carbon dioxide levels rise, breathing becomes increasingly difficult.

(iii)

(1) Due to eggshell thinning, DDT has an influence on wildlife such as birds, resulting in a decline in successful reproduction.

(2) More importantly, pesticides like DDT have harmful effects on human health due to their endocrine system effects.

(iv)

(1) Firecrackers can result in hearing loss, high blood pressure, and sleep disruption.

(2) Sudden loud noise exposure can result in temporary or permanent deafness, as well as a heart attack.