(a) Classify the following oxides as neutral, acidic, basic or amphoteric. $\mathrm{CO}, \mathrm{B}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{3}, \mathrm{SiO}_{2}, \mathrm{CO}_{2}, \mathrm{Al}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{3}, \mathrm{PbO}_{2}, \mathrm{Tl}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{3}$ (B) Write suitable equations to show their nature.
(a) Classify the following oxides as neutral, acidic, basic or amphoteric. $\mathrm{CO}, \mathrm{B}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{3}, \mathrm{SiO}_{2}, \mathrm{CO}_{2}, \mathrm{Al}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{3}, \mathrm{PbO}_{2}, \mathrm{Tl}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{3}$ (B) Write suitable equations to show their nature.

Solution:

$\rightarrow$ CO $=$ Neutral
$\rightarrow \mathrm{B}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{3}=$ Acidic
Being acidic, it responds with bases to frame salts. It responds with $\mathrm{NaOH}$ to frame sodium metaborate.
$\mathrm{B}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{3}+2 \mathrm{NaOH} \rightarrow 2 \mathrm{NaBO}_{2}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}$
$\rightarrow \mathrm{SiO}_{2}=$ Acidic
Being acidic, it responds with bases to frame salts. It responds with NaOH to frame sodium silicate
$\mathrm{B}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{3}+2 \mathrm{NaOH} \rightarrow 2 \mathrm{NaBO}_{2}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}$
$\rightarrow \mathrm{SiO}_{2}=$ Acidic
Being acidic, it responds with bases to frame salts. It responds with $\mathrm{NaOH}$ to frame sodium silicate.
$\mathrm{SiO}_{2}+2 \mathrm{NaOH} \rightarrow 2 \mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{SiO}_{3}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}$
$\rightarrow \mathrm{CO}_{2}=$ Acidic
Being acidic, it responds with bases to frame salts. It responds with $\mathrm{NaOH}$ to frame sodium carbonate.
$\mathrm{CO}_{2}+2 \mathrm{NaOH} \rightarrow \mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}$
$\rightarrow \mathrm{Al}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{3}=$ Amphoteric
Amphoteric substances respond with the two acids and bases. $\mathrm{Al}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{3}$ responds with both $\mathrm{NaOH}$ and $\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}$
$\mathrm{Al}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{3}+2 \mathrm{NaOH} \rightarrow \mathrm{NaAlO}_{2} \mathrm{Al}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{3}+3 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4} \rightarrow \mathrm{Al}_{2}\left(\mathrm{SO}_{4}\right)_{3}+3 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}$
$\rightarrow \mathrm{PbO}_{2}=$ Amphoteric
Amphoteric substances respond with the two acids and bases. $\mathrm{PbO}_{2}$ responds with both $\mathrm{NaOH}$ and $\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}$
$\mathrm{PbO}_{2}+2 \mathrm{NaOH} \rightarrow \mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{PbO}_{3}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O} 2 \mathrm{PbO}_{2}+2 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4} \rightarrow 2 \mathrm{PbSO}_{4}+2 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}+$
$\mathrm{O}_{2}$
$\rightarrow \mathrm{Tl}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{3}=$ Basic
Being essential, it responds with acids to frame salts. It responds with $\mathrm{HCl}$ to frame thallium chloride
$\mathrm{Tl}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{3}+6 \mathrm{HCL} \rightarrow 2 \mathrm{TlCl}_{3}+3 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}$