Some important changes that can help make homes more environment-friendly include: Garbage is separated into biodegradable (food waste) and non-biodegradable (non-biodegradable) waste...
Groundwater is the principal source of water in metropolitan areas. All residents of the city have access to this water. However, in other areas, insufficient infrastructure makes it impossible for...
Rainwater is frequently collected and channelled through a stream in hilly areas. With the use of canals, the stream is channelled to different locations for irrigation. Water is typically obtained...
Groundwater and lakes are the principal sources of water in densely populated metropolitan areas. Borewells are used to extract groundwater, whereas pipes extract water directly from lakes. The...
Forest conservation can be accomplished in a variety of ways, including: To counteract deforestation, trees are being planted.Security troops are stationed in forests to deter forest resource...
Forest conservation is critical to the environment's long-term stability. Forests are home to a diverse range of living forms. Destruction of these forests has the potential to disrupt the food...
Equitable resource distribution ensures that everyone gets their fair share of the resources and that everyone has the fundamental necessities of life (such as food, water, shelter, etc.). The...
The long-term model of resource consumption allows for resource conservation so that future generations can benefit from them. This will allow the economy to expand over a longer period of time. It...
The economy will benefit from overconsumption of resources based on short-term goals. However, the economy's greater expansion will be short-lived because resource extraction is unsustainable....
The following practises can be incorporated into our daily lives to become more environmentally friendly: When not in use, turn off all electrical appliances (such as televisions, water heaters,...
Solution The changes that can be incorporated into the lifestyles of individuals ad they are as follows: 1. The use of organic detergents must be promoted. 2. Open ground dumping...
Solution a) Practices for the conservation of natural resources include: 1. Choose bicycles or carpooling/public transport over private cars or bikes to commute around our workplace. 2. Try to...
Solution Some practices that can be followed by individuals in order to reduce their consumption of natural resources include: - Efficient management of forestry and wildlife resources. 2. Usage of...
Solution a) An individual can contribute to the management of forest and wildlife:- 1. He/she can create awareness about the ill effects of extinction of wildlife flora and fauna 2. Can volunteer...
Solution 1. Among them the authority should be held by the official people working for it under the Central and State government. 2. The department of forestry should have the power because...
Solution Some important changes that I would like to introduce in my school: 1. Separation of lab waste and other types of waste accordingly. 2. Allotting the task to the students for...
Solution Some important changes that can help make homes more environment-friendly include: 1. Categories the waste product that whether they can be replenished or not and dump it...
Solution In small town, the primary source of water is groundwater obtained from rivers and lakes. This water is made available to all people in the city with the help of good water management...
Solution In the hilly regions, the water is made available to different regions using streams. They are regulated by dams meant for irrigation purposes. The main sources of water are the glaciers...
Solution The water management in cities initially obtains water from rivers, lakes, and water bodies. It makes up the groundwater level that is utilized using borewells and hand pumps based on the...
Solution The following changes can be incorporated into the lifestyles of individuals in order to move towards a sustainable usage of natural resources: 1. Categories the waste product that...
Solution 1. The conservation of forests is very important for the stability of the environment. 2. Forests serve as a home to a huge variety of life-forms. 3. Destruction of...
Solution Equitable distribution of resources enables every human to receive their share of the resources and makes sure that everyone has the basic requirements for life (such as food, water,...
Solution Overconsumption of resources with short-term interests in mind will give a boost to the economy. However, the increased growth of the economy will be short-lived since the exploitation of...
Solution The following practices can be incorporated into our day-to-day lives: Turning off any electrical appliances (such as Charger sockets, water heaters, lights, fans, and washing machine) when...
Solution: AlveoliNephronsStructureStructure (i) Inside the lungs, alveoli are small balloon-like structures.(i) Inside the kidneys, nephrons are tubular structures.(ii) The alveoli's walls are...
Solution: Transport of materials in XylemTransport of materials in phloemThe movement of water and minerals is aided by xylem tissue.Phloem tissue helps in the transport of foodWater is carried...
Solution: Blood circulates twice in the heart in a single cycle, which is known as double circulation. The procedure aids in the separation of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood, allowing the body to...
Solution: Hemoglobin is a protein that transports oxygen from the lungs to the body's cells for cellular respiration. Hemoglobin deficiency can reduce RBC's oxygen carrying ability. This resulted in...
Solution: The lungs are an essential element of the human body. Inside the lungs, the channel separates into smaller and smaller tubes, which eventually end in balloon-like formations known as...
Solution: Aerobic respiration The process takes place in the presence of free oxygenThe products of aerobic respiration are CO2, water and energy.The first step of aerobic respiration (glycolysis)...
Solution: The autotrophic organism obtains its energy and carbon requirements through photosynthesis.It's the mechanism through which autotrophs take in substances from their surroundings and...
Solution: Because the food we eat is complex, it must be broken down into smaller molecules in order to be absorbed through the alimentary canal. Enzymes, which are biological catalysts, are mostly...
Solution: The small intestine is where carbs, lipids, and proteins are completely digested. For this, it absorbs secretions from the liver and pancreas.Stomach food is normally acidic, and it must...
(a) cytoplasm. (b) mitochondria. (c) chloroplast. (d) nucleus Solution: In mitochondria, pyruvate is broken down to produce carbon dioxide, water, and energy. As a result, the correct answer is (b)...
(a) carbon dioxide and water. (b) chlorophyll. (c) sunlight. (d) all of the above. Solution: Because autotrophic nutrition necessitates the use of carob-di-oxide, water, chlorophyll, and sunlight...
(a) transport of water . (b) transport of food. (c) transport of amino acids. (d) transport of oxygen. Solution: Because Xylem is responsible for water transport in plants, the answer is...
(a) nutrition (b) respiration. (c) excretion. (d) transportation Solution: Answer is (c) excretion Humans have two kidneys, two ureters, a urinary bladder, and a urethra (Fig. 6.13) in their...
Solution: The volume of urine generated is determined by the body's surplus water and dissolved waste. Other influences include the environment and the ADH hormone, which controls urine production.
Solution: Plants can get rid of excess water by transpiration. Plants employ the fact that many of their tissues are made up of dead cells and that they can even lose some sections, such as leaves,...
Solution: The filtration units of the kidney, known as nephrons, are many. As the urine passes along the tube, several substances in the initial filtrate, such as glucose, amino acids, salts, and a...
Solution: Phloem is an unique organ in plants that transports food. Food resources are transported from the leaf to various areas of the plant through phloem. The expenditure of energy from ATP is...
Solution: Parts of Xylems Roots, stems, and leaves have interwoven tracheids and vessels that form a continuous system of water-conducting channels that reaches all sections of the plant. Suction...
Solution: In highly organised plants, there are two types of conducting tissues that carry out the transport system namely, Xylem and Phloem. The xylem transports water and minerals from the roots...
Solution: Mammals and birds are warm-blooded species that maintain a steady body temperature regardless of their surroundings. This process necessitates a large amount of oxygen for increased...
Solution: The heart, blood, and blood vessels are the key components of the human transport system. Functions of these components Heart The heart is responsible for pumping oxygenated blood...
Solution: The lungs are a vital organ in the human body. Inside the lungs, the channel separates into smaller and smaller tubes, which eventually end in balloon-like formations known as alveoli.The...
Solution: The bloodstream transports oxygen and carbon dioxide in humans. Carbon dioxide is transported away from the cells while oxygen is carried to them. Between the alveoli of the lungs and the...
Solution: Glycolysis is a process that breaks down glucose into two three-carbon molecules termed pyruvate in the cytoplasm. Various pathways cause further degradation in different organisms.
Solution: Terrestrial organisms breathe oxygen that is dissolved in water, whereas aquatic organisms breathe oxygen that is dissolved in water. When compared to oxygen in water, the level of oxygen...
Solution: The small intestine has micro villi, which are tiny projections that enhance the surface volume of the intestine, making absorption more effective. There are numerous blood arteries within...
Solution: Digestive enzymes are responsible for breaking down complex food molecules into smaller ones. This will make the absorption of meals much easier and more efficient. Blood transports...
Solution: In the stomach, HCl dissolves food particles and produces an acidic environment. Pepsinogen is transformed to pepsin in an acidic environment by protein digesting enzymes. In addition, HCl...
Solution: Plants required the following raw material for photosynthesis CO2 is obtained from atmosphere through stomataPlant roots absorb water from the soil.Photosynthesis requires sunlight as...
Solution: Autotrophic NutritionHeterotrophic NutritionOrganisms prepare their own nourishment and are not reliant on others.The organism does not prepare its own food and is reliant on the food of...
Solution: Respiration, digestion, excretion, circulation, and transportation are all necessary for life to continue.
Solution: The organism uses outside raw materials for food and oxygen. The amount of raw materials required depends on the organism's complexity and the environment in which it lives.
Solution: Walking, breathing, and other apparent changes can be used to assess whether or not something is alive. However, some living objects will undergo changes that are not visible to the naked...
Solution: Multicellular organisms, such as humans, have large bodies that require a large amount of oxygen to diffuse fast into them in order to meet their oxygen needs. Diffusion is a sluggish...
(a) afferent neurons and efferent neurons (b) impulse conduction in a myelinated nerve fibre and unmyelinated nerve fibre (c) aqueous humor and vitreous humor (d) blind spot and yellow spot (e)...
(a) fovea (b) iris (c) blind spot (d) optic chaisma Correct Answer: (c) Blind spot Explanation: The optic nerve exits the brain, the retinal blood vessels enter the brain at a time when the...
(a) Which part of the ear determines the pitch of a sound? (b) Which part of the human brain is the most developed? (c) Which part of our central neural system acts as a master clock? Answers: (a)...
(a) Thalamus and Hypothalamus (b) Cerebrum and Cerebellum (d) Thalamus and Hypothalamus ThalamusHypothalamusContains grey matterContains both white and grey matterThalamus do not secrete...
(a) Myelinated and non-myelinated axons (b) Dendrites and axons (c) Rods and cones (a) Myelinated and non-myelinated axons FeaturesMyelinated axonsNon-myelinated axonsMyelin...
(a) Role of Na+ in the generation of action potential. (b) Mechanism of generation of light-induced impulse in the retina. (c) Mechanism through which a sound produces a nerve impulse in the inner...
(a) How do you perceive the colour of an object? (b) Which part of our body helps us in maintaining the body balance? (c) How does the eye regulate the amount of light that falls on the retina?...
The Mechanism of hearing: The outer ear canal collects sound waves that pass through the outer ear canal to the eardrum. This causes the ear to move. This vibration is transmitted from the eardrum...
The Mechanism of Vision: The passage of light rays is as follows – the pupil, lens, aqueous humour, vitreous humor and finally retina. This light causes the separation of photo-pigment rhodopsin in...
The synapses are connections where nerve impulses are transmitted from one neuron to another. This is formed by the pre-synaptic membrane and the post-synaptic neuron, which may or may not be...
(a) Retina (b) Ear ossicles (c) Cochlea (d) Organ of Corti (a) Retina: The retina forms the finest internal, neurosensory layer of the eyeball. The surface of the retina interacts with the choroid...
(a) Neural coordination (b) Forebrain (c) Midbrain (d) Hindbrain (a) Neural coordination: It is a condition in which two or more organs interact with each other through the body's neural system. The...
(a) Neuron (b) Brain (c) Eye (d) Ear (a) Neuron (b) Brain (c) Eye (d)Ear
The pre-synaptic neuron membrane and the post-synaptic neuron form the synapse Synaptic cleft is a synapse that can be separated or not separated by a gap The pre-synaptic neuron and the...
When nerve pressure is pushed across the fiber, it occurs in a systematic way. During the manipulation of the pressure in the nerve fiber, a portion of it is constantly broken down while the nearby...
The sensory nerve is said to be in a state of depression when stressed. In this case, the action force is derived from the nerve membrane fiber. During the process of depolarization, the following...
The nerve fiber is said to be in a state of relaxation when it is in the resting phase. In this isolated state, the membrane of nerve fibers has the ability to relax. Listed below are the steps that...
(a) Central neural system (CNS) and Peripheral neural system (PNS) (b) Resting potential and action potential (c) Choroid and retina (a) Central neural system (CNS) and Peripheral neural system...
The Structure of the Eye: The human eye is encased in a skull bone and is round. The walls of the eyeball have three layers, namely - the neurosensory inner lining, the central vascular coat and the...
The Structure of the ear: The human ear has two sensory functions - It enables hearing and maintains body balance. It can be divided into three main categories - inner ear, outer ear, middle ear. 1....
The structure of the Brain: The mind is a leading physical information processing center that acts as a control and command system. Protected in the skull. Covered by three membranes known as...
Identification: Ore A - Carbonate ore Steps to convert carbonate ore into metal: 1. Calcination - Metal oxide is obtained by heating the ore in the presence of oxygen. Reaction Involved: ACO3→ AO+...
Identification: A - Sodium B - Chlorine C - Sodium Chloride D - Sodium hydroxide Reactions Involved: 2Na +CL2 →2NaCl 2NaCl+ 2H2O→ 2NaOH+ Cl2+H2
Identification: X - Sodium Y - Magnesium Z – Iron Reactions Involved: Na + H₂O → 2NaOH + H₂ Mg + H₂O → Mg(OH)₂ + H₂ Fe + H₂O → Fe₂O₃+ H₂ Arrangement of the metals in order of...
(a) Roasting of copper (1) sulphide (b) Reduction of copper (1) oxide with copper (1) sulphide. (c) Electrolytic refining (ii) Draw a neat and well-labelled diagram for electrolytic refining of...
(a) Reactivity of Al decreases if it is dipped in HNO3 (b) Carbon cannot reduce the oxides of Na or Mg (c) NaCl is not a conductor of electricity in the solid-state whereas it does conduct...
The steps involved in the extraction of metals of low and medium reactivity from their respective sulphide ores are heating the ores in the presence of oxygen to produce the oxides of the metal....
(a) Identify A, B, C and D (b) To which group of periodic table does this non-metal belong? Answers: (a) A - Nitrogen Explanation: Nitrogen is the non-metal which is the largest constituent of...
FeSO4 is produced when iron displaces the copper which makes the reactivity of iron higher than that of copper. And this nature of iron is responsible for the holes in the pot. Reaction Involved:...
Identification of the element A is a non-metal as they their oxides are usually acidic.
A - Sodium B - Sodium Hydroxide C - Sodium Aluminate Reaction Involved: Al2O3 +2NaOH →2NaAlO2+H2O
Identification: Metal M - Copper Black colored product - copper oxide Reaction Involved: 2Cu+ O2 →2CuO
Reactions involved during the extraction of zinc from its ore by, (a) Roasting of zinc ore: 2ZnS + 3O2→2ZnO + 2SO2. (b) Calcination of zinc ore: ZnCo3→ZnO+CO
A - Calcium B - Calcium Hydroxide C - Calcium Oxide Reactions Involved: Ca+2H2O →Ca(OH)2+ H2 Ca(OH)2 →CaO+H2O CaO+H2O→ Ca(OH)2
Mercury and Bromine exists in a liquid state at room temperature; Caesium and Gallium has a melting point less than 310 K (37°C).
Examples of good conductors are Iron and Copper. Examples of bad conductors are Lead and Mercury.
(a) Identify A, B and C (b) To which Group of Periodic Table does A belong? Answers: (a) A - Carbon B - Carbon monoxide C - Carbon-dioxide (b) Group...
(a) ZnCO3 is heated in the absence of oxygen? (b) a mixture of Cu2O and Cu2S is heated? Answers: (a) Carbon-di-oxide are liberated Reaction: ZnCo3 →ZnO + CO2 (b) Pure Copper is obtained...
(a) Mg and N2 (b) Li and O2 (c) Al and Cl2 (d) K and O2 Answers: (a) Magnesium Nitride (Mg3N2) (b) Lithium Oxide( Li2O) (c) Aluminium Chloride( AlCl3) (d) Potassium Oxide (...
Mercury is the metal that exists as a liquid at room temperature is obtained by heating its sulphide in the presence of air. Cinnabar is the ore of mercury. Reaction: 2HgS + 3O2→ 2HgO +...
Metal A - Aluminium (Al) Metal B – Aluminium Oxide (Al2O3 ) With HCl, the following reaction occurs: Al2O3+ 6HCl →2AlCl3+3H2O With NaOH, the following reaction occurs: Al2O3+2NaOH...
Constituents of solder - Lead and aluminium. The low melting point of this alloy makes it fit for the welding of electrical wires.
3 MnO2 (s) + 4 Al (s) → 3 Mn (l) + 2 Al2O3 (l) + Heat (a) Is aluminium getting reduced? (b) Is MnO2 getting oxidised? Answer: Aluminium gets oxidized when oxygen is combined and MnO2 gets...
Identification: X – Carbon Y – Diamond Z – Graphite
Identification: X - Sodium (Na) Y - Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) Z - Hydrogen gas Reaction Involved: 2Na+2H2O → 2NaOH+H2
(a) Compound X - Fe2O3 (b) Aluminothermy (c) Fe2O3(s) + 2Al(s)→ Al2O3 (s) + 2Fe(s)
HNO3 which is a strong oxidizing agent, oxidises the liberated Hydrogen into the water and converts itself into nitrogen oxide.
(a) Na (b) Ca (c) Al (d) Cu Answer: (c) Al Reason: Aluminum oxide exhibits both acidic and basic performance which is why it is an amphoteric oxide.
Usually, metals can be obtained easily in oxide form than in its sulphide or carbonate form and because of this reason metal sulphides and carbonated must be converted to metal oxides in the metal...
(a) Anode - Impure metal; Cathode - Pure metal (b) Electrolyte - Silver Sulphate/Silver Nitrate (c) Cathode
The lighted matchstick must be brought close to the gas to identify the produced gas. When the stick burns a pop sound is observed which will help for the identification of the gas. Chemical...
(a) Sulphur (b) Graphite (c) PVC (d) All can be used Answer: (c) PVC Reason: Insulators are materials that do not allow electrical energy to flow. Therefore, insulators are used to cover electrical...
(a) MgSO4 + Fe (b) ZnSO4 + Fe (c) MgSO4 + Pb (d) CuSO4 + Fe Answer: (d) CuSO4 + Fe Reason: The reactivity of Iron is more than copper which is why it transmits copper in response...
(a) Diamond (b) Graphite (c) Sulphur (d) Fullerene Answer: (b) Graphite Reason: Normally non-metals do not transmit heat and electricity, however, graphite is different. Graphite (an allotropic form...
(a) Carbon (b) Bromine (c) Phosphorus (d) Sulphur Answer: (b) Bromine Reason: Physically most of the non-metallic material around us exists as gases, solid brittle. For example, hydrogen, oxygen...
(a) X is a metal (b) Y is a metal (c) Z is a non-metal (d) Y is a non-metal and Z is a metal Answer: (d) Y is a non-metal and Z is a metal Reason: Based on the electronic configuration of the...
(a) Has a high melting point (b) Has a low melting point (c) Conducts electricity in molten state (d) Occurs as solid Answer: (b) Has a low melting point Reason: X is a metal that is electropositive...
(a) Stainless steel (b) Alnico (c) Solder (d) Zinc amalgam Answer: (d) Zinc amalgam Reason: Zinc amalgam is a mixture of mercury (10%) containing zinc (90%). It contains mercury as one of its...
(a) It burns in oxygen with a dazzling white flame (b) It reacts with cold water to form magnesium oxide and evolves hydrogen gas (c) It reacts with hot water to form magnesium hydroxide and evolves...
(a) Brass (b) Bronze (c) Amalgam (d) Steel Answer: (d) Steel Reason: Iron in its purest form is very soft and rusts. Therefore, it is combined with another metal to change its properties. Iron mixed...
(a) Mg (b) Na (c) P (d) Ca Answer: (b) Na Reason: Sodium is an element that is soft and can be cut with a knife, reactive to air and cannot be kept open in the air and also reacts vigorously with...
(a) deposited on cathode (b) deposited on anode (c) deposited on the cathode as well as anode (d) remains in the solution Answer: (a) deposited on cathode Reason: During the process of refining of...
(i) positively charged cathode (ii) negatively charged anode (iii) positively charged anode (iv) negatively charged cathode (a) (i) and (ii) (b) (iii) and (iv) (c) (i) and (iii) (d) (ii) ad (iv)...
(a) an element (b) a compound (c) a homogeneous mixture (d) a heterogeneous mixture Answer: (c) a homogeneous mixture Reason: An alloy is a homogeneous mixture
(a) Al (b) Au (c) Cu (d) Pt Answer: (b) Au Reason: Gold is an insoluble metal in soluble acids and only soluble in aqua region. Therefore, the metal on the C test plate should be gold (Au). The...
Compound X - Sodium hydroxide A – Sodium Zincate Reaction: 2NaOH+ Zn→ Na₂ZnO₂ + H2(g) B – Sodium Chloride Reaction: NaOH + HCl →NaCl + H2O C – Sodium Acetate Reaction: NaOH + CH3 COOH→ CH3COONa +...
Plaster of Paris is calcium sulphate which is white in colour and has soft texture. 2. Gypsum is a hard compound which is used for molding purposes and is formed when Plaster of Paris is left open...
Identification: B – Sodium Hydroxide(NaOH) Neutralization process occurs when sodium hydroxide reacts with acidic oxide. 2NaOH+ CO2 →Na2CO3+ H2O
Identification: X - Calcium Y - Lime water G - Chlorine gas Z - Bleaching powder
how will it affect the taste of the cake and why?how can baking soda be converted into baking powder?what is the role of tartaric acid added to baking soda Answers: The cake will be bitter as...
1. In place of zinc granules, the same amount of zinc dust is taken in the test tube 2. Instead of dilute sulphuric acid, dilute hydrochloric acid is taken 3. In place of zinc, copper turnings are...
When zinc metal is treated with a dilute solution of a strong acid, hydrogen gas is evolved. Reaction: ...
Acids that can be completely ionized is called strong acids. Acids that can be partially ionized is called weak acid. 1. Hydrochloric acid is a Strong Acid 2. Citric acid is a Weak Acid 3. Acetic...
Identification: X = Chlorine Y = Bleaching powder Reaction Involved: Ca(OH)2 (s) + Cl2 (g) → CaOCl2 (s) + H2O — Calcium oxychloride (bleaching powder)
Identification: Salt A - Baking soda Salt B - Sodium carbonate Gas C - CO2
When we heat baking powder, CO2 is released and when this gas is introduced into lime water the solution will turn milky. This reaction will not occur if you heat a washing soda.
The student can use phenopthalein indicator to identify which solution is acid and base.
When the egg shell is dissolved in nitric acid, the calcium carbonate present in the eggshell reacts with the nitric acid and produces calcium nitrate and carbon-di-oxide gas.
Methanoic acid is the acid present in ant sting and its chemical formula is HCOOH. Rubbing the affected place with baking soda can cause relief from the discomfort of ant sting.
1. Dry HCl gas- No effect 2. Moistened NH3 gas- litmus paper turns to blue colour 3. Lemon juice- litmus paper turns to red colour 4. Carbonated soft drink- litmus paper turns to blue colour 5....
Column (A)Column (B)(a) Plaster of Paris(i) Ca(OH)2(b) Gypsum(ii) CaSO4. ½ H2O(c) Bleaching Powder(iii)CaSO4.2H2O(d) Slaked Lime(iv) CaOCl2 Column (A)Column (B)(a) Plaster of Paris(ii) CaSO4. ½...
Column (A)Column (B)(a) Lactic acid(i) Tomato(b) Acetic acid(ii) Lemon(c) Citric acid(iii) Vinegar(d) Oxalic acid(iv) Curd Column (A)Column (B)(a) Lactic acid(iv) Curd(b) Acetic acid(iii) Vinegar(c)...
Compound A – Ethanol (CH3CH2OH) Reaction Involved: CH3CH2OH → CH2-CH2+ H2O Compound B – Ethene (CH2= CH2) Reaction Involved: CH2=CH2 →C2H6 Compound C - Ethane (CH3 — CH3) Reaction...
(a) Hydrogenation reaction (b) Oxidation reaction (c) Substitution reaction (d) Saponification reaction (e) Combustion reaction Answers: (a) Hydrogenation reaction - The addition reaction...
(a) ethanol to ethene. b) propanol to propanoic acid. Write the reactions. Answers: (a)Process of conversion: Ethanol is heated in the presence of conc. sulphuric acid at 443 K. Reaction Involved:...
(a) What change would you observe in the calcium hydroxide solution taken in tube B? (b) Write the reaction involved in test tubes A and B respectively. (c) If ethanol is given instead of ethanoic...
Identification: C - Ethanoic acid R - Sodium Ethanoate A - Ethanol S - Ester Reactions Involved: 2CH3COOH +2 Na →2CH3COONa+H2 CH3COOH +C2H5OH → CH3COOC2H5 + H20 CH3COOC2H5+NaoH...
Activity Involved: Take 1ml ethanol and 1 ml glacial acetic acid in a test- tube. Add few drops of concentrated H2SO4. Heat the test tube for 5 minutes with the help of a boiling water bath....
(b) What is saponification? Write the reaction involved in this process. Answers: (a) Formula of carbon tetrachloride - CCl4 (b) Saponification is the reaction of an ester to produce sodium salt of...
Hydrogenation is the reaction which is commonly used in the conversion of vegetable oils to fats. In this process, Nickel acts as a catalyst. Reaction Involved:
Answers: (a) The Hydrocarbons are basically the compounds of Carbon and hydrogen such as Ethane and Methane. (b) The Hydrocarbons having single bond is known as saturated hydrocarbons such as Ethane...
Identification: Salt X - Sodium Ethanoate Gas - Carbon-di-oxide. Reaction Involved: CH3COOH+NaHCO3 → CH3COONA+H2O+CO2 Activity Involved: Experiment set up. 2. In a test-tube and take spoon full of...
Column AColumn B(a) CH3OH + CH3COOH CH3COOCH3 + H2O(i) Addition reaction(b) CH2 = CH2 + H2 CH3 — CH3(ii) Substitution reaction(c) CH4 + Cl2 Sunlight CH3Cl + HCl(iii) Neutralisation reaction(d)...
Catenation is shown by Silicon and Carbon. Silicon bonds are not very stable and reactive but the bonds made of Carbon bonds are so strong which is why the catenation of carbon is greater than the...
(a) The atomic number of chlorine is 17. Write its electronic configuration (b) Draw the electron dot structure of chlorine molecule Answers: (a) Electronic configuration of chlorine: KLM- 2,8,7...
(a) Chlorine (Group 17 of Periodic Table) (b) Oxygen (Group 16 of Periodic Table) Answers: (a) Compound formed with chlorine is Carbon Tetrachloride (CCl4–) (b) Compound formed with oxygen is...
Ethene is formed when ethanol at 443 K is heated with excess of concentrated sulphuric acid. Sulphuric acid helps in the formation of ethane as it is a dehydrating agent and also is a catalyst....
Hydrogen gas is evolved when ethanol reacts with sodium. Reaction Involved: 2CH₃- CH₂-OH +2Na——>2 CH₃- CH₂- ONa + H₂
Methanol is converted into Methanal in the liver and kills all cells. Methanol also affects optic nerves and causes blindness. So, eating even small amount of methanol can be dangerous.
Ethene is prepared by the heating of Ethanol at 443k in the presence of excess sulphuric acid. Reaction Involved: CH3-CH2OH —> CH2=CH2 +H2O
(a) CH3COCH2 CH2 CH2 CH3 (b) CH3CH2CH2COOH (c) CH3CH2 CH2 CH2 CHO (d) CH3CH2OH Identification: 1. Ketone 2. Carboxylic acid 3. Aldehyde 4....
Detergents are better than soaps because detergents are ammonium or sulphonate salts of long-chain carboxylic acid. And, Soap forms precipitate with calcium and magnesium ions present in hard water.
(a) Ethanoic acid (CH3COOH) (b) Ethanol (CH3CH2OH) (c) Ethyl ethanoate (CH3COOCH2CH3 ) Reactions Involved: (a) (b) (c)
Identification: (a) Alcohol (b) Carboxylic acid (c) Ketone (d) Alkene
Identification: (a) Pentanoic acid (b) Butyne (c) Heptanal (d) Pentanol
Electron dot structure of ethyne: Structural formula of ethyne: H-C≡C-H
(a) ethyne (b) ethene (c) propyne (d) methane Answer: (b) ethyne Reason: In the alkyne series, there is a triple bond between carbon atoms. The first component of the alkyne series is ethyne with...
(a) CH3COONa + NaOH → CH4 + Na2CO3 (b) CH3COOH + C2H5OH → CH3COOC2H5 +H2O (c) 2CH3COOH + 2Na → 2CH3COONa + H2 (d) CH3COOC2H5 + NaOH → CH3 COONa + C2H5OH Answer: (d) CH3COOC2H5 + NaOH → CH3...
(i) oxygen (ii) carbon (iii) hydrogen (iv) chlorine (a) (i) and (ii) (b) (ii) and (iii) (c) (iii) and (iv) (d) (i) and (iv) Answer: (d) (i) and (iv) Reason: The heteroatoms present in CH3 — CH2 — O...
(a) Propanal (b) Propanone (c) Ethanol (d) Ethanal Answer: (a) Propanal Reason: The name of the compound CH3 — CH2 — CHO is Propanal.
(a) CH4 (b) C2 H6 (c) C3 H8 (d) C4 H8 Answer: (d) C4 H8 Reason: Ethane and propane are in the same series while C4 H8 is not alkene.
(a) (i) and (iii) (b) (ii) and (iii) (c) (ii) and (iv) (d) (iii) and (iv) Answer: (c) (ii) and (iv) Reason: Unsaturated hydrocarbon is a chemical compound that contains a carbon-carbon bond or...
Answer: (d) Reason: Option A, B, C is direct hydrocarbons, since each carbon atom is linked to one or two carbon atoms.
Answer: (c) Reason: The oxygen atom has six electrons in valence, of which 2 are involved in contact with 2 hydrogen atoms. A water molecule therefore has two lone electrons joined by two bonded...
(a) helium (b) neon (c) argon (d) krypton Answer: (b) neon Reason: Carbon forms four covalent bonds by sharing its four valence electrons with four univalent atoms, e.g. hydrogen. After the...
(i) mineral acids are completely ionised (ii) carboxylic acids are completely ionised (iii) mineral acids are partially ionised (iv) carboxylic acids are partially ionised (a) (i) and (iv) (b) (ii)...
(a) 50% – 60% acetic acid in alcohol (b) 5% – 8% acetic acid in alcohol (c) 5% – 8% acetic acid in water (d) 50% – 60% acetic acid in water Answer: (c) 5% – 8% acetic acid in water Reason:...
Answer: (d) Reason: Butanoic acid is a carboxylic acid and the structural formula of butanoic acid is shown in the option (d).
(a) sodium ethanoate and hydrogen (b) sodium ethanoate and oxygen (c) sodium ethoxide and hydrogen (d) sodium ethoxide and oxygen Answer: (c) sodium ethoxide and hydrogen Reason: Reaction between...
Answer: (c) Reason: Benzene is a compound which is cyclic in structure having double bonds alternatively and the correct structural formula is as shown in the option (c).
(a) 5 covalent bonds (b) 12 covalent bonds (c) 16 covalent bonds (d) 17 covalent bonds Answer: (c) 16 covalent bonds Reason: Pentane has 16 covalent bonds.
(a) the ionic end of soap is on the surface of the cluster while the carbon chain is in the interior of the cluster. (b) ionic end of soap is in the interior of the cluster and the carbon chain is...
(a) absence of sunlight (b) presence of sunlight (c) presence of water (d) presence of hydrochloric acid Answer: (b) presence of sunlight Reason: Because of the halogenation process, chlorine reacts...
(i) Propane (ii) Propene (iii) Propyne (iv) Chloropropane (a) (i) and (ii) (b) (ii) and (iv) (c) (iii) and (iv) (d) (ii) and (iii) Answer: (d) (ii) and (iii) Reason: Propene and Propyne are the...
Answer: (a) Reason: Ethyne can also be known as Acetylene and is a two carbon alkyne and the correct structural formula is shown in option (a).
Answer: (d) Reason: The correct representation of the electron dot structure of the nitrogen is shown in the option (d).
(a) hydrophilic head and a hydrophobic tail (b) hydrophobic head and a hydrophilic tail (c) hydrophobic head and a hydrophobic tail (d) hydrophilic head and a hydrophilic tail Answer: (a)...
(a) Butanone (b) Butanol (c) Butanoic acid (d) Butanol Answer: (b) Butanol Reason: In Butanol, –OH is the functional group.
(a) Addition reaction (b) Substitution reaction (c) Displacement reaction (d) Oxidation reaction Answer: (a) Addition reaction Reason: Oils when treated with hydrogen in the presence of palladium or...
In the above-given reaction, alkaline KMnO4 acts as (a) reducing agent (b) oxidising agent (c) catalyst (d) dehydrating agent Answer: (b) oxidising agent Explanation: Oxidation of ethanol to form...
(a) (i) and (iii) (b) (ii) and (iv) (c) (i) and (ii) (d) (iii) and (iv) Answer: (c) (i) and (ii) Explanation: n−butane and iso−butane are the correct structural isomers of...
(a) phosphorus (b) sulphur (c) carbon (d) tin Answer: (c) carbon Reason: Buckminsterfullerene is an allotropic carbon form. It has carbon atoms arranged in a ball-like pattern. It is soft, slippery,...
(a) only single bonds (b) only double bonds (c) only triple bonds (d) two double bonds and one single bond Answer: (a) only single bonds Explanation: An ammonia molecule has only a single...
(i) are good conductors of electricity (ii) are poor conductors of electricity (iii) have strong forces of attraction between their molecules (iv) do not have strong forces of attraction between...
(a) carbon monoxide only (b) carbon monoxide in traces and carbon dioxide (c) carbon dioxide only (d) coal Answer: (c) carbon dioxide only Reason: Carbon is a compound which is found in the...
Biological resources are called biomass. Cow dung, a variety of plant material such as post-harvest crop residues, vegetable waste and manure decompose when there is no oxygen can supply bio-gas....
Yes, energy from various sources is considered to be derived from the sun. Justifications: 1.Energy from fossil fuels is applied indirectly from the sun because plants absorb sunlight to produce...
Environmental consequences of using fossil fuels: Global warming will result in an increase in Carbon-di-oxide levels 2. Sulfur oxides cause acid rain 3. The burning of mineral oil will lead to the...