Any of a number of halocarbon compounds made up of carbon, hydrogen, chlorine, and fluorine is known as a chlorofluorocarbon (CFC). CFCs were historically widely utilised as propellants and...

An algal bloom, also known as an algae bloom, is a fast rise or aggregation of algae in freshwater or marine water systems, which is commonly characterised by water discoloration of their colours....

 A stable ecosystem in its ultimate stage of ecological succession is referred to as a climax community. In an ecosystem, succession occurs when one community of plants and animals replaces another....

Correct option:(B) Solution: Fleshy edible part of an apple is thalamus. Apple fruit is false fruit means not developed by fertilisation. Fruit contains seeds inside. Outer fleshy part of fruit is...

Solution: Plants species which adapts to survive in an environment with no or little water are known as xerophytes. Adaptive features of the xerophytic plants are: Reduction in the surface area...

Solution: A test-tube baby is a baby who is conceived by IVF. IVF is in vitro fertilization. The word “vitro” means glass. Fertilization is done outside the uterus in a glass vessel by combining a...

Solution: Biopiracy is Bio + piracy. Bio means life (bio-resources). Piracy means stealing someone else's intellectual property. Hence, use of someone's bio-resources without any systemic permission...

Restriction endonuclease are the enzymes obtained from bacteria. They help in cleaving the double stranded DNA at a specific site. They make two types of cut either staggered or blunt.They work only...

Solution: Microinjection is glass micropipette that facilitate injecting microlitres of cell’s fluid into other recipient tissues so as to introduce new genes in the genome of the organism.  ...

Solution: Genetically modified organisms are the organism in which genetic makeup is altered to obtain a better breed that yields high by-products. These organisms are not obtained by breeding the...

Solution: The two enzyme   of DNA replication that has a central role in carrying out the process are- Helicase DNA polymerase.   They perform crucial tasks through which replication of DNA...

Solution: Gene mutation is a heritable molecular level phenomenon in which deletion, addition, shifting or transversion of genes/codon takes place.Mutation prevents our genes to functions properly...

Solution: False fruit- They are termed as pseudocarp. They develop from the ovary in addition to which thalamus, perianth and receptacle is also used as a fruit and thus it is called false fruit....

Solution: It has three chemical constituents -a sugar, nitrogenous base and a phosphate bond. It forms the backbone of the DNA. The four bases that forms the DNA are adenine, thymine, guanine and...

Solution: Incomplete dominance is a type of gene interaction in which none of the parent’s genotype is completely expressed instead, both the genotype is expressed partially. The allele present over...

Solution: (D) All of the above mentioned comes under greenhouse gases. They are responsible for the depletion of the ozone layer. They get suspended in the layer for longer time that creates ozone...

Solution: (C) The total number of Bio diversity hot spots in the world is 34. Biodiversity hotspot is a biogeochemical region which act as a prominent reservoir of diverse organism and are...

Solution: (A) Snow blindness or photokeratitis is a discomfort experienced by our eyes when we are exposed to too much UV light. It is a temporary discomfort that heals soon after taking weeks of...

Solution: (B) Photochemical smog consists of Ozone (tropospheric zone), PAN (Peroxyl nitrates) and NO2. Smog is usually found over urbanised area where the advent of modernization is at peak,...

Solution: (B) The disease caused by allergens is hay fever. Hay fever is cold-like allergy due to which the person suffers from sneezing and sinus pressure. The allergens usually are pollen, dust...

Solution: (D) All of the above-mentioned viruses are retrovirus. Retroviruses are the acellular organism that follows reverse transcription and RNA is synthesized by the help of DNA. The genetic...

Solution: (C) Cry protein are the poisonous protein that act as insecticide in the cotton plant cultivation found in Bt. These proteins are in crystal form due to which the insects starve to...

Solution: (C) Probiotics are live microbial food supplement. They are the microorganism that prevents us suffering from diseases. They are consumed in the form of dairy products such as milk and...

Solution: (A) Flocs are the cloudy suspension found over the surface of poor quality of water. Masses of bacteria associated with fungal filament to form a mesh like structure called Flocs.

Solution: (B) The microorganisms help the plant to take up the nutrients in mobile forms, from the soil or the seed. Bacillus thuringiensis is a soil borne pesticide. Few microorganisms that act as...

Solution: (B) 'Sonalika' and 'Kalyan Sona' are high yielding disease resistant variety of wheat. Sonalika is a single dwarf whereas Kalyan Sona is a double dwarf. India witnessed green revolution...

Solution: (C) Consuming tobacco causes increase in adrenergic nervous system i.e., it causes increase in adrenaline secretion. Thus, the immediate metabolic changes in the body noticed after...

Solution: (B) Autoimmune disease is the disease in which the body develops antibodies against the self-tissues (synovial joints). Rheumatoid arthritis is a progressive autoimmune disease that...

Solution: (A) Lysozyme is used to break the bacterial cell wall to release DNA and other bio macro molecules. Lysozyme is also called muramidase or glycoside hydrolase. It helps in breaking the...

Solution: (B) A molecular technique in which multiple copy of the desired gene is synthesized invitro is called as PCR. PCR stands for polymerase chain reaction and it facilitates in amplification...

Solution: (C) Meloidogyne incognita is the nematode that infect the root of tobacco plants. Meloidogyne incognita is also called cotton root-knot or southern root knot nematode. It causes huge...

Solution: (D) The first transgenic cow was named as Rosie. In 1997 the first transgenic cow was produced. The special character that it held was that it consisted of human alpha-lactalbumin gene is...

Solution: (B) GAATTC is a recognition site for Eco RI restriction endonuclease. Restriction endonuclease recognises palindromic sequences present on the two strands of the DNA. Eco RI is an...

Solution: (A) The first clinical gene therapy was given for adenosine deaminase deficiency. Bovine ADA was used to treat the deficiency. The required gene was carried by a retroviral vector for the...

Solution: (C) Silencing of gene could be achieved through the use of short interfering RNA and antisense RNA. Antisense RNA are the non-coding strands that regulate the gene expression at multiple...

Solution: (D) The specific sequence of DNA recognized by Restriction Endonuclease are Palindromic nucleotide sequences, VNTR and minisatellites. VNTR is the variable number tandem repeats found in...

Solution: (C) Flavr Savr is a variety of tomato. It is genetically modified, transgenic crop that increase the shelf life of the tomatoes. This transgenic variety reduces the enzyme named...

Solution: (B) Father having blood group type ‘B’ and son having blood group ‘O’ shows that the child have heterozygous parents. The genotypes that could be inferred from the mentioned clues...

Solution: (B) RNA polymerase III is involved in the transcription of tRNA, 5S rRNA and snRNA of eukaryotes. RNA polymerase I transcribes rRNA genes except 5S rRNA. RNA polymerase II transcribes...

Solution: (A) Appearance of antibiotic resistance bacteria is an example of divergent evolution because it causes the development of different functional structures. Evolution plays a significant...

Solution: (A) The Punnett square mentioned above shows that 25% of the sons are colourblind whereas 25% of the sons are normal, apart from that 25% of the daughter are normal whereas rest are...

Solution: (D) The trisomy of 21st chromosome causes down’s syndrome. In trisomy the person has three copies of chromosome number 21. Down’s syndrome causes a distinct facial appearance, intellectual...

Solution: (A) Adaptive radiation is an example of divergent evolution in which organisms of same ancestry diverge and adapt new characters that helps in their better survivability. Adaption of the...

Solution: (C) Sickle cell anaemia is disease that affects the functioning of many organs. Mutation in single gene HBB leads in numerous consequences. Some of the complications associated with it...

Solution: (C) The chromosome that has highest number of genes is Y. Y gene has on an average 55 genes that is least among others. The chromosome that has highest number of genes is chromosome number...

Gene present on same locus having different expressions are called multiple alleles. Polygene are the one whose expression takes place constitutively. Cancer is one of the examples of multiple...

Apomixis is the process of asexual reproduction without fertilization. In Asteraceae and grass, plant seeds are produced through apomixis. In mustard, citrus and mango sexual reproduction takes...

Solution: The reason for making Copper T most effective and popular Intra Uterine device in female was that it helped in reducing the motility of sperm. Copper ions prevents the fertilisation of egg...

Solution: At the time of foetal stage, female reproductive system consists of 5-7 million of eggs. After foetal stage no eggs are produced further. When birth of the girl takes place, at that time...

Correct option: (A) Solution: A cemical called histamine is released and causes symptoms of allergies.

Correct option: (B) Solution: In a food chain, will be producers like the plants. They produce their own food material by using sunlight and provides food for other organisms also. After that they...

Correct option: (B) Solution: Restriction endonucleases recognize specific sequences in the DNA to it into fragments. It is not to bind the DNA to ligase. Specific sites are 4-6 bp long and are...

Correct option:(A) Solution: Drosera is an insectivorous plant. It is also known as sundew plant.

Correct option:(A) Solution: Micropropagation is the artificial process of producing plants. Produced by vegetatively through tissue culture or cell culture techniques. In this process of...

Correct option:(C) Solution: Nitrogenous bases present in the DNA are: Purines (Adenine (A) and Guanine (G)). Pyrimidine (Cytosine (C) and Thymine (T)).

Correct option:(D) Solution: Biogas is mainly made up of methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2).  Other gases such as hydrogen (H2), hydrogen sulphide (H2S), water vapor (H2O), nitrogen (N2), oxygen...

Correct option:(C) Solution: Lac operon is a system responsible for transport and metabolism of lactose in Escherichia coli and other bacteria. Mechanisms of regulation of expression of genes...

Correct option:(B) Solution: Agarose is a polysaccharide polymer extracted from seaweed. Slabs of agarose gels are used for electrophoresis.

Correct option:(B) Solution: Fleshy edible part of an apple is thalamus. Apple fruit is false fruit means not developed by fertilisation. Fruit contains seeds inside. Outer fleshy part of fruit is...