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Development of gas in a vacuum is called free extension. Ascertain the work is done and the adjustment of inner energy when 1 liter of an ideal gas grows isothermally into a vacuum until its complete volume is 5 liter?

solution:

 

Work done in vacuum is determined by :

 

    \[\begin{array}{*{35}{l}} -\text{ }w\text{ }=\text{ }Text\text{ }\left( Vinitial\text{ }\text{ }Vfinal\text{ } \right)  \\ ~  \\ Pext=\text{ }0  \\ ~  \\ \text{ }w\text{ }=\text{ }0x\left( 5-1 \right)\text{ }=\text{ }0.  \\ ~  \\ \end{array}\]

For isothermal extension

   

 

Consequently ∆U will be 0.