A 100W sodium lamp radiates energy uniformly in all directions. The lamp is located at the centre of a large sphere that absorbs all the sodium light which is incident on it. The wavelength of the sodium light is 589 nm. (a) What is the energy per photon associated with the sodium light? (b) At what rate are the photons delivered to the sphere?
A 100W sodium lamp radiates energy uniformly in all directions. The lamp is located at the centre of a large sphere that absorbs all the sodium light which is incident on it. The wavelength of the sodium light is 589 nm. (a) What is the energy per photon associated with the sodium light? (b) At what rate are the photons delivered to the sphere?

Power of the sodium lamp is given as \mathbf{P}=\mathbf{1 0 0 W}
Wavelength of the emitted sodium light is given as \lambda=589 \mathrm{~nm}

    \[=589 \times 10^{-9} \mathrm{~m}\]


Planck’s constant, \mathrm{h}=6.626 \times 10^{-34} \mathrm{Js}
Speed of light, c=3 \times 10^{8}
(a)
The energy per photon associated with the sodium light can be calculated as:

    \[\mathrm{E}=\frac{h c}{\lambda}\]


\mathrm{E}=\frac{6.626 \times 10^{-34} \times 3 \times 10^{8}}{589 \times 10^{-9}}

    \[=3.37 \times 10^{-19} \mathrm{~J}=\frac{3.37 \times 10^{-19}}{1.6 \times 10^{-19}}=2.11 \mathrm{eV}\]


(b)
n is the number of photons delivered to the sphere
The equation for power can be written as:

    \[\mathrm{P}=\mathrm{nE}\]


So,, \mathrm{n}=\frac{P}{E}

    \[=\frac{100}{3.37 \times 10^{-19}}=2.96 \times 10^{20} \text { photons } / \mathrm{s}\]


As a result, the number of photons delivered every second to the sphere is 2.96 \times 10^{20}.