Answer a) The amount of work done when an electric charge Q moves against a potential difference V is: W = Q V = W = Q V = W = Q V = W = Q V (1) We all know that current I = Q/T. IT = Q (2)...
Explain why, the current that makes the heater element very hot, only slightly warms the connecting wires leading to the heater.
Answer Because of their low resistance, the connecting wires leading to the heater are somewhat warmer than the wires that heat the heater element. This results in a flow of minimal heat generation...
Why is an electric bulb not filled with air? Explain why argon or nitrogen is filled in an electric bulb.
Answer Because an electric bulb's filament is comprised of tungsten, which would quickly burn if it came into touch with oxygen in the air, it is not filled with air. Unreactive gases like argon and...
Q10. a) Write down the formula for the heat produced when a current I is passed through a resistor R for time t. b) An electric iron of resistance 20 ohms draws a current of 5 amperes. Calculate the heat produced in 30 seconds.
Answer a) The following is the formula for calculating the amount of heat produced: I2Rt = H b) Assumed R equals 20 5 amps = I t = 30 seconds We are aware of this. I2Rt = H We know H = 15000J by...
A silvery-white metal X taken in the form of ribbon, when ignited, burns in air with a dazzling white flame to form a white powder Y. When water is added to powder Y, it dissolves partially to form another substance Z. (a) What could metal X be? (b) What is powder Y? (c) With which substance metal X combines to form powder Y? (d) What is substance Z? Name one domestic use of substance Z. (e) Write a balanced chemical equation of the reaction which takes place when metal X burns in air to form powder Y.
(a) Magnesium, Mg because magnesium undergoes oxidation in the presence of oxygen. (b) Magnesium oxide, MgO (c) Oxygen (of air), O2 (d) Magnesium hydroxide, Mg(OH)2; Used as an antacid to relieve...
A solid substance P which is very hard is used in the construction of many buildings, especially flooring. When substance P is heated strongly, it decomposes to form another solid Q and a gas R is given out. Solid Q reacts with water with the release of a lot of heat to form a substance S. When gas R is passed into a clear solution of substance S, then a white precipitate of substance T is formed. The substance T has the same chemical composition as starting substance P. (a) What is substance P? Write its common name as well as a chemical formula. (b) What is substance Q? (c) What is gas R? (d) What is substance S? what is its clear solution known as? (e) What is substance T? Name any two natural forms in which substance T occurs in nature.
(a) Calcium carbonate (limestone), CaCO3 (b) Calcium oxide, CaO (c) Carbon dioxide, CO2 (d) Calcium hydroxide, Ca(OH)2; Lime water. (e) Calcium carbonate; Limestone and Marble.
When metal X is treated with a dilute acid Y, then a gas Z is evolved which burns readily by making a little explosion. (a) Name any two metals which can behave like metal X. (b) Name any two acids which can behave like acid Y. (c) Name the gas Z. (d) Is the gas Z lighter than or heavier than air? (e) Is the reaction between metal X and dilute acid Y exothermic or endothermic? (f) By taking a specific example of metal X and dilute acid Y, Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction which takes place. Also, indicate physical states of all the reactants and products.
(a) Zinc and Iron. (b) Dilute hydrochloric acid and dilute sulphuric acid. (c) Hydrogen. (d) Lighter than air. (e) Exothermic. (f) Suppose metal X is zinc (Zn) and acid Y is dilute hydrochloric acid...
When water is added gradually to a white solid X. A hissing sound and a lot of heat is produced forming a product Y. A suspension of Y in water is applied to the walls of a house during whitewashing. A clear solution of Y is also used for testing carbon dioxide gas in the laboratory. (a) What could be solid X? Write its chemical formula. (b) What could be product Y? Write its chemical formula. (c) What is the common name of the solution of Y which is used for testing carbon dioxide gas? (d) Write a chemical equation of the reaction which takes place on adding water to solid X. (e) Which characteristics of chemical reactions are illustrated by this example?
Answer: (a) Calcium oxide, CaO. (b) Calcium hydroxide, Ca(OH)2 (c) Lime water. (d) CaO + H2O → Ca(OH)2 (e) Change in temperature.
When the solution of substance X is added to a solution of potassium iodide, then a yellow solid separates out from the solution. (a) What do you think substance X is likely to be? (b) Name the substance of which the yellow solid consists. (c) Which characteristic of chemical reactions is illustrated by this example? (d) Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction which takes place. Mention the physical states of all the reactants and products involved in the chemical equation.
Answer: (a) Lead Nitrate (b) Lead Iodide (c) Formation of precipitate (d)Pb(NO3)2 (aq) + 2KI (aq) → PbI2 (s) + 2KNO3 (aq)
The chemical equations are balanced to satisfy one of the following laws in chemical reactions. This law is known as (a) Law of conservation of momentum (b) Law of conservation of mass (c) Law of conservation of motion (d) Law of conservation of magnetism
Answer: Option (b) is the correct response. When the mass of atoms of different elements in the reactants side equals the mass of atoms in the products side, the equations are balanced.
One of the following is an exothermic reaction. This is: (a) Electrolysis of water (b) Conversion of limestone into quicklime (c) Process of respiration (d) Process of photosynthesis
Answer: Option (c) is the correct response. As heat energy is emitted during respiration, it is an exothermic reaction that keeps our body temperature stable.
Which of the following is not an endothermic reaction? (a) CaCO3→ CaO + CO2 (b) 2H2O → 2H2 + O2 (c) 6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2 (d) C6H12O6 + 6O2→ 6CO2 + 6H2O
Answer: Option (d) is the correct response. This is responsible for the exothermic respiration reaction, in which glucose burns in oxygen to produce heat energy.
One of the following is an endothermic reaction. This is: (a) Combination of carbon and oxygen to form carbon monoxide (b) Combination of nitrogen and oxygen to form nitrogen monoxide (c) Combination of glucose and oxygen to form carbon dioxide and water(d) Combination of zinc and hydrochloric acid to form zinc chloride and hydrogen
Answer: Option (b) is the correct response. Nitrogen monoxide is formed when nitrogen and oxygen are heated to extremely high temperatures in an endothermic reaction.
The chemical reaction between quicklime and water is characterised by: (a) Evolution of hydrogen gas (b) Formation of a slaked lime precipitate (c) Change in temperature of mixture (d) Change in colour of the product
Answer: Option (c) is the correct response. The reaction between quicklime and water produces a greater amount of energy, making it an exothermic reaction.
The chemical reaction between the two substances is characterised by a change in colour from orange to green. These two substances are most likely to be: (a) Potassium dichromate solution and sulphur dioxide (b) Potassium permanganate solution and sulphur dioxide (c) Potassium permanganate solution and lemon juice (d) Potassium dichromate solution and carbon dioxide
Answer: Option (a) is the correct response. The reaction of potassium dichromate with sulphur dioxide is characterised by a colour shift. By passing sulphur dioxide through acidified potassium...
An acid that can decolorise purple coloured potassium permanganate solution is : (a) Sulphuric acid (b) Citric acid (d) Carbonic acid (d) Hydrochloric acid
Answer: Option (b) is the correct response. When purple-colored potassium permanganate reacts with citric acid, the colour changes from purple to colourless.
You are given the solution of lead nitrate. In order to obtain a yellow precipitate, you should mix it with a solution of (a) Potassium chloride (b) Potassium nitride(c) Potassium sulphide (d) Potassium iodide
Answer: Option (d) is the correct response. When lead nitrate reacts with potassium iodide, a yellow precipitate of lead iodide is formed.
Which one of the following does not involve a chemical reaction? (a) Digestion of food in our body (b) Process of respiration (c) Burning of candle wax when heated (d) Melting of candle wax on heating
Answer: Option (d) is the correct response. Wax changes its physical state but not its characteristics when heated, therefore there is no chemical change but there is a physical change.
One of the following does not happen during a chemical reaction This is : (a) Breaking of old chemical bonds and formation of new chemical bonds (b) Formation of new substances with entirely different properties (c) Atoms of one element change into those of another element to form new products(d) A rearrangement of atoms takes place to form new products
Answer: Option (c) is the correct response. Atoms of one element do not convert into another to generate products; however, bonds between these atoms break and products are formed, and atoms are...
Answer the following questions: (a) What do you understand by exothermic and endothermic reactions? (b) Give one example of an exothermic reaction and one of an endothermic reaction. (c) Which of the following are endothermic reactions and which are exothermic reactions? (i) Burning of natural gas (ii) Photosynthesis (iii) Electrolysis of water (iv) Respiration (v) Decomposition of calcium carbonate
Answer: (a)An exothermic reaction occurs when energy is discharged from the system into the environment. An endothermic reaction occurs when energy is taken from the environment in the form of heat....
(a) State the various characteristics of chemical reactions. (b) State one characteristic of each of the chemical reactions which take place when: (i) Dilute hydrochloric acid is added to sodium carbonate (ii) Lemon juice is added gradually to potassium permanganate solution (iii) Dilute sulphuric acid is added to barium chloride solution (iv) Quicklime is treated with water (v) Wax is burned in the form of a candle
Answer: (a) A chemical reaction is a process that occurs when reactants react to generate new material. It is defined by the evolution of a gas, color change, precipitate formation, temperature...
(a) What is meant by a chemical reaction? Explain with the help of an example. (b) Give one example each of a chemical reaction characterized by: (i) Evolution of a gas (ii) Change in colour (iii) Formation of a precipitate (iv) Change in temperature (v) Change in the state.
Answer: (a) By undergoing particular reactions and rearrangements, a chemical reaction produces new compounds. On the left, there will be reactants, and on the right, there will be products. Methane...
When potassium nitrate is heated, it decomposes into potassium nitrite and oxygen. Write a balanced equation for this reaction and add the state symbols of the reactants and products.
Answer: The balanced chemical equation for heating of potassium nitrate to decompose into potassium nitrite and oxygen is as follows: 2KNO3 (s)→ 2KNO2 (s) + O2 (g)
Translate the following statement into a chemical equation and then balance it: ‘Barium chloride solution reacts with aluminium sulphate solution to form a precipitate of barium sulphate and aluminium chloride solution’.
Answer: The balanced chemical equation for the reaction of Barium chloride with Aliminium sulphate solution to form a precipitate of barium sulphate and aluminium chloride solution is as follows:...
Write a balanced chemical equation for the process of photosynthesis giving the physical states of all the substances involved and the conditions of the reaction.
The balanced chemical equation for the process of photosynthesis which produces carbohydrates and water is as follows: 6CO2 (g) + 6H2O (l) → C6H12O6 (aq.) + 6O2 (g) Thus reaction...
Ammonia reacts with oxygen to form nitrogen and water. Write a balanced chemical equation for this reaction. Add the state symbols for all the reactants and products.
Answer: The balanced chemical equation for the reaction of ammonia with oxygen producing nitrogen and water: 4NH3 (g) + 3O2 (g) → 2N2 (g) + 6H2O (l)
(a) Substitute formulae for names and balance the following equations: Calcium carbonate reacts with hydrochloric acid to produce calcium chloride, water, and carbon dioxide gas. (b) Write a balanced chemical equation with state symbols for the following reaction: Sodium hydroxide solution reacts with a hydrochloric acid solution to produce sodium chloride solution and water.
Answer: (a) Balanced chemical equation for the reaction of calcium carbonate with hydrochloric acid: CaCO3 + 2HCl → CaCl2 + H2O + CO2 (b) Balanced chemical equation for the...
(a) Potassium chlorate (KClO3) on heating forms potassium chloride and oxygen. Write a balanced equation for this reaction and indicate the evolution of gas. (b) Rewrite the following information in the form of a balanced chemical equation: Magnesium burns in carbon dioxide to form magnesium oxide and carbon.
Answer: (a) Balanced chemical equation for heating of potassium chlorate: 2KClO3 (s) → 2KCl (s) + 3O2 (g) (b) Balanced chemical equation for burning of magnesium in carbon...
Carbon monoxide reacts with hydrogen under certain conditions to form methanol. Write a balanced chemical equation for this reaction indicating the physical states of reactants and products as well as the conditions under which this reaction takes place.
Answer: Carbon dioxide reacts with hydrogen under certain conditions to form methanol. The reaction for the same is as follows: CO(g) + 2H2(g) → CH3OH Conditions for the reaction to take place:...
Write the balanced chemical equations for the following reactions, and add the state symbols:
(a) Magnesium carbonate reacts with hydrochloric acid to produce magnesium chloride, carbon dioxide, and water. (b) Sodium hydroxide reacts with sulphuric acid to produce sodium sulphate and water....
(a) Aluminium hydroxide reacts with sulphuric acid to form aluminium sulphate and water. Write a balanced equation for this reaction. (b) Balance the following chemical equation:
Answer: (a) 2Al(OH)3 + 3H2SO4 → Al2(SO4)3 + 6H2O (b) MnO2 + 4HCl → MnCl2 + Cl2 + 2H2O
Write any two observations in an activity that may suggest that a chemical reaction has taken place. Give an example in support of your answer
(i) Temperature shiftsWhen calcium oxide combines vigorously with water to generate calcium hydroxide, a considerable quantity of heat is released, causing the system's temperature to rise,...
(a) Explain, with example, how the physical states of the reactants and products can be shown in a chemical equation. (b) Balance the following equation and add state symbols:
(c) Convey the following information in the form of a balanced chemical equation: “An aqueous solution of ferrous sulphate reacts with an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide to form a precipitate of ferrous hydroxide and sodium sulphate remains in solution.”
Answer: (a) In a chemical reaction, the physical state of the reactants and products can be indicated by using the letters in the round brackets. If it is solid, it will be (s), liquid, it will be...
a) What is a balanced chemical equation? Why should chemical equations be balanced? b) Aluminium burns in chlorine to form aluminium chloride (AlCl3). Write a balanced chemical equation for this reaction. c) Potassium metal reacts with water to give potassium hydroxide and hydrogen gas. Write a balanced chemical equation for this reaction.
Answer: (a) By balancing the total number of atoms of each element in reactants and products, a chemical equation can be created. To follow the Law of Conservation of Mass, a chemical equation must...
(a) What are the various ways in which a chemical equation can be made more informative? Give examples to illustrate your answer. (b) Write a balanced chemical equation from the following information: An aqueous calcium hydroxide solution (lime water) reacts with carbon dioxide gas to produce a solid calcium carbonate precipitate and water.
Answer: (a) Ca(OH)2 (aq)+ CO2 (g)—3000°C →CaCO3(s)+H2O(l) A chemical equation can be informative by 1) The chemical states of substances present in the reaction are denoted by (s) for solids,...
When hydrogen is passed over copper oxide, copper and steam are formed. Write a balanced equation for this reaction and state which of the chemicals are: (i) Elements (ii) Compounds (iii) Reactants (iv) Products (v) Metals (vi) Non-metals
Answer: H2 + CuO→ Cu + H2O (i) H2 and Cu are elements (ii) CuO and H2O are compounds (iii) H2 and CuO are reactants (iv) Cu and H2O are products (v) Cu is the metal (vi) H2 is...
(a) What is a chemical equation? Explain with the help of an example. (b) Giving examples, state the difference between balanced and unbalanced chemical equations. (c) Balance the following chemical equations:
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Solutions: Answer: (a) Chemical equations are symbols for chemical reactions in which the reactants and products are stated as chemical formulae. The left side of a chemical equation contains...
(a) Give one example of a chemical reaction. (b) State two characteristics of the chemical reaction which takes place when dilute sulphuric acid is poured over zinc granules. (c) Give two characteristics of the chemical reaction which occurs on adding potassium iodide solution to lead nitrate solution.
Answer: (a) By undergoing specific reactions and rearrangements, a chemical reaction produces new compounds. On the left, there will be reactants, and on the right, there will be products. The...
Fill in the following blanks with suitable words: (a) Chemical equations are balanced to satisfy the law of _______. (b) A solution made in water is known as an ____ solution and indicated by the symbol _______.
Answer: (a) Conservation of mass (b) Aqueous; (aq)
Balance the following equations:
Answer: (i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
Balance the following equations:
Answer: (i) (ii) (iii)
Balance the following equations:
Answer:
Write complete balanced equations for the following reactions: (a) Calcium (solid) + Water (liquid) →Calcium hydroxide (solution) + Hydrogen (gas) (b) Sulphur dioxide (gas) + Oxygen (gas) → Sulphur trioxide (gas)
Answer:
Correct and balance the following equations:
Answer: (a) (b)
Complete and balance the following equations:
(a) NaOH + ______ → Na2SO4 + H2O (b) Ca(OH)2 + _______ → CaCO3 + H2O Answer: (a) (b)
Write the balanced chemical equations for the following reactions: (a) Calcium hydroxide + Carbon dioxide → Calcium carbonate + Water (b) Aluminium + Copper chloride → Aluminium chloride + Copper
Answer: (a) (b)
Translate the following statements into chemical equations and then balance the equations: (a) Aluminium metal replaces iron from ferric oxide, Fe2O3, giving aluminium oxide and iron (b) Barium chloride reacts with zinc sulphate to give zinc chloride and barium sulphate.
Answer: (a) (b)
Translate the following statements into chemical equations and then balance the equations: (a) Hydrogen sulphide gas burns in air to give water and sulphur dioxide. (b) Phosphorus burns in oxygen to give phosphorus pentoxide. (c) Carbon disulphate burns in the air to give carbon dioxide and sulphur dioxide.
Answer: Balanced chemical equations for the given reactions:-
How will you indicate the following effects in a chemical equation? (a) A solution made in water (b) Exothermic reaction (c) Endothermic reaction
Answer: (a) A water-based solution (b) Exothermic reaction (c) Thermodynamic reaction
Why is photosynthesis considered an endothermic reaction?
The term "endothermic reaction" refers to a reaction in which heat is absorbed. As we all know, photosynthesis is a process in which green plants and other organisms use sunlight to convert carbon...
What does the symbol (aq) represent in a chemical equation?
The symbol (aq) represents an aqueous solution in a chemical equation.
What is wrong with the following chemical equation? Mg + O → MgO, correct and balance it.
Answer: Since oxygen is not present in its elemental form, so it is not possible for it to take part in the reaction as O. Here, Oxygen should be in molecular form, O2. The corrected and balanced...
State whether the following statement is true or false: A chemical equation can be balanced easily by altering the formula of a reactant or product.
Answer: False This statement is false because every reactant and product has a definite formula depending on the valency of the constituents. So, altering its formula for balancing an equation would...
Why should magnesium ribbon be cleaned before burning in the air?
Magnesium ribbon is made of pure magnesium metal. It is highly reactive with oxygen, resulting in the oxidation of magnesium when it comes into contact with air. It produces an oxide layer on the...
What happens chemically when quicklime is added to water filled in a bucket?
Calcium oxide is the chemical formula for quick lime. When calcium hydroxide (slaked lime) is introduced to water in a bucket, it forms calcium hydroxide (slaked lime) and reacts rapidly, producing...
On what basis is a chemical equation balanced?
A chemical equation is always balanced when the number of atoms of each element on the reactant and product sides is compared. It is based on the Law of Conservation of Mass, which states that the...
Why is respiration considered an exothermic process?
An exothermic reaction is the one in which energy is released. As energy is released during the process of breathing, it is referred to as an exothermic reaction.
Only variations that confer an advantage to an individual organism will survive in a population. Do you agree with this statement? Why or why not?
Solution: Only variants provide an advantage to individual creatures that will survive in a community, according to the statement. Variations that promote heat resistance in bacteria, for example,...
How is the equal genetic contribution of male and female parents ensured in the progeny?
Solution: Inheritance of equal numbers of chromosomes from both parents ensures equal genetic contribution of male and female parents in progeny. Although there are 23 pairs of chromosomes, not all...
Explain how sexual reproduction gives rise to more viable variations than asexual reproduction. How does this affect the evolution of those organisms that reproduce sexually?
Solution: Because of the following factors, sexual reproduction results in a number of viable variations: (a) A mistake in DNA copying (though it was rare) (b) At the moment of sex cell development,...
What evidence do we have for the origin of life from inanimate matter?
Solution: Stanley L. Miller and Harold C. Urey's experiment, undertaken in 1953, revealed evidence for the creation of life from inanimate substances. They produced an artificial atmosphere that...
Explain the importance of fossils in deciding evolutionary relationships.
Solution: Fossils provide evidence for: (a) The organism in question and its paleobiology (b) Even an organism's behaviour can be deduced to some extent. (palaeontologists, for example, discovered a...
Outline a project which aims to find the dominant coat color in dogs.
Solution: The colour of a dog's coat is determined by a set of genes. There are at least eleven known sequence series that determine a dog's colour (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, M, P, S, T). Each of a dog's...
Explain the terms analogous and homologous organs with examples.
Solution: Homologous organs are those that share the same basic structural architecture and origin, but perform different roles. Human forelimbs and bat wings, for example, have anatomical...
How are the areas of study – evolution and classification – interlinked?
Solution: Classification and evolution are two topics of biology that are closely intertwined. Evolution is concerned with how organisms evolve. While classification is concerned with determining...
A study found that children with light-colored eyes are likely to have parents with light-colored eyes. On this basis, can we say anything about whether the light eye color trait is dominant or recessive? Why or why not?
Solution: To determine whether an attribute is dominant or recessive, you must have knowledge of at least three generations. As a result, determining whether a characteristic is dominant or...
In evolutionary terms, we have more in common with
(a) A Chinese school-boy. (b) A chimpanzee. (c) A spider. (d) A bacterium. Solution: The correct answer is (a). Humans and chimps are linked since they are both members of the same order (Primates)...
An example of homologous organs is
(a) Our arm and a dog’s fore-leg. (b) Our teeth and an elephant’s tusks. (c) Potato and runners of grass. (d) All of the above. Solution: The correct answer is (d). Homologous organs have the same...
A Mendelian experiment consisted of breeding tall pea plants bearing violet flowers with short pea plants bearing white flowers. The progeny all bore violet flowers, but almost half of them were short. This suggests that the genetic make-up of the tall parent can be depicted as
(a) TTWW (b) TTww (c) TtWW (d) TtWw Solution: The correct answer is (c) TtWW TtWW could be a result of the tall parent's genetic makeup. Half of the progenies are short, implying that the parent...
In evolutionary terms, can we say which among bacteria, spiders, fish and chimpanzees have a ‘better’ body design? Why or why not?
Solution: Environmental pressures and needs influence body designs. As a result, we can't say that one organism has a superior body than another. Fish, for example, have acquired a streamlined...
Why are human beings who look so different from each other in terms of size, color and looks said to belong to the same species?
Solution: Humans differ in color and appearance. Still their genetic makeup is the same as that of every other human. One theory for our significant variations is that it is the result of...
What are fossils? What do they tell us about the process of evolution?
Solution: Fossils are the remnants of extinct animals, plants, and other species that lived millions of years ago. These fossils provide information about a variety of extinct species as well as...
Can the wing of a butterfly and the wing of a bat be considered homologous organs? Why or why not?
Solution: Because they do not share a common ancestor, the wings of a butterfly and a bat cannot be considered homologous organs. Despite the fact that both structures aid in flight, they have...
Give an example of characteristics being used to determine how close two species are in evolutionary terms.
Solution: Let's look at the case of humans and chimps. Chimpanzees are capable of expressing a wide range of emotions, such as laughing or smiling. This was previously regarded to be a human-only...
Will geographical isolation be a major factor in the speciation of an organism that reproduces asexually? Why or why not?
Solution: Geographic isolation cannot be regarded a concern in the case of asexually reproducing organisms. Because meiosis does not occur during asexual reproduction, this is the case.
Will geographical isolation be a major factor in the speciation of a self-pollinating plant species? Why or why not?
Solution: Geographic isolation is usually not a key effect in plant pollination. This is because no new feature will become part of the genetic makeup of a self-pollinating plant species. However,...
What factors could lead to the rise of a new species?
Solution: The following are factors that could lead to the emergence of a new species: (a) The term "mutation" refers to the process of changing one's (b) Genetic drift is a term used to describe...
Why are the small numbers of surviving tigers a cause of worry from the point of view of genetics?
Solution: The genetic pool of the species reduces as the size of the tiger population decreases. As a result, the number of mutations that can be introduced into the tigers' genetic composition is...
Why are traits acquired during the life-time of an individual not inherited?
Solution: Because alterations in the DNA of germ cells do not mirror those acquired during a lifetime So, the traits gained during that lifetime cannot be passed down to subsequent generations. A...
What are the different ways in which individuals with a particular trait may increase in a population?
Solution: In a population, an individual attribute could increase in one of two ways:- (a) Natural selection: if a trait is beneficial to a population, it will naturally increase. Mosquitoes that...
How is the sex of the child determined in human beings?
Solution: Males determine the sex of a child in humans. XX chromosomes are found in males, while XY chromosomes are found in females. As a result, if:– (a) The X chromosomes of the male and female...
A man with blood group A marries a woman with blood group O and their daughter has blood group O. Is this information enough to tell you which of the traits – blood group A or O – is dominant? Why or why not?
Solution: It is not possible to establish which traits are prevalent — blood group A or O – based on the information available. In ABO blood, blood type A is always dominant, while blood type O is...
How do Mendel’s experiments show that traits are inherited independently?
Solution: Through his dihybrid cross experiment, Mendel demonstrated that characteristics are inherited independently. He used two traits in his experiment, namely seed shape and seed colour. Yellow...
How do Mendel’s experiments show that traits may be dominant or recessive?
Solution: Through his mono-hybrid cross studies, Mendel demonstrated that characteristics can be either dominant or recessive. He conducted the experiment by crossing tall (TT) and dwarf (tt) pea...
How does the creation of variations in a species promote survival?
Solution: The species' genetic variants allow it to better adapt to changes in its environment. Furthermore, it is a crucial force in evolution since it enables for natural selection to raise or...
If a trait A exists in 10% of a population of an asexually reproducing species and a trait B exists in 60% of the same population, which trait is likely to have arisen earlier?
Solution: Characteristic B is more likely to emerge early than trait A since it has already existed and replicated in a bigger percentage of the population.
What could be the reason for adopting contraceptive methods?
Solution: The reasons for using contraceptive techniques are as follows: (a) to keep the population under control(b) Preventing an unintended pregnancy(c) In order to prevent the spread of sexually...
How does reproduction help in providing stability to populations of species?
Solution: Reproduction is the process of existing species creating offspring of the same species. This is done to ensure that the population of that species is maintained and that their species is...
How are the modes for reproduction different in unicellular and multicellular organisms?
Solution: Fission, budding, and other forms of reproduction in unicellular organisms are examples. The cell divides into two daughter cells here, and the cell division process continues....
What are the different methods of contraception?
Solution: The following are the various contraceptive methods: (a) Natural approach: The goal of this procedure is to keep sperm and ovum from colliding. This can be accomplished by avoiding mating...
Draw a labelled diagram of the longitudinal section of a flower.
Solution: The following diagram shows various parts of a flower :
Why does menstruation occurs?
Solution: Menstruation is the natural bleeding of the vaginal line that begins around adolescence and continues until menopause. During this time, the body begins to prepare for pregnancy. Every...
What are the functions performed by the testis in human beings?
Solution: The testis in humans performs the following functions: (a) It generates androgens, a male hormone that is produced in addition to sperm.(b) They create testosterone, a hormone that causes...
What are the advantages of sexual reproduction over asexual reproduction?
Solution: The following are some of the benefits of sexual reproduction: (a) Both parents' personalities are reflected in the offspring.(b) Because there are more varieties, the species' survival is...
The anther contains
(a) Sepals (b) Ovules (c) Pistil (d) Pollen grains Solution: The correct option is (d) Pollen grains. Pollen grains are small particles found in pollen that give rise to a seed plant's male...
Which of the following is not a part of the female reproductive system in human beings?
(a) Ovary (b) Uterus (c) Vas deferens (d) Fallopian tube Solution: The correct option is (c) Vas deferens The male reproductive system includes the vas deferens. It's a muscular tube that connects...
Asexual reproduction takes place through budding in
(a) Amoeba (b) Yeast (c) Plasmodium (d) Leishmania Solution: The correct option is (b) Yeast Yeast is a good example of asexual reproduction that occurs via budding. On the parent cell, a tiny...
If a woman is using a Copper-T, will it help in protecting her from sexually transmitted diseases?
Solution: No, because copper-T cannot prevent body fluids from contacting one other. As a result, it is unable to protect her against sexually transmitted infections.
How does the embryo get nourishment inside the mother’s body?
Solution: After fertilization, the uterine lining thickens. Blood flow is adequate to nourish the developing embryo. The placenta is a unique tissue inserted in the uterine wall. It aids the embryo...
What are the changes seen in girls at the time of puberty?
Solution: The following are the changes that occur in girls throughout puberty: (a) Hair begins to develop in the vaginal area.(b) Other regions of the body, such as the underarms, face, hands, and...
What is the role of the seminal vesicles and the prostate gland?
Solution: Secretions from the seminal vesicles and the prostate gland lubricate sperms and provide a fluid medium for sperm movement. Fructose, calcium, and enzymes are among the nutrients included...
How is the process of pollination different from fertilization?
Solution: Pollination is the process of pollen being transferred from an anther to a stigma. Pollinators such as air, water, and insects are used to complete the process. The union of male and...
Why is DNA copying an essential part of the process of reproduction?
Solution: Because it transports genetic information from parents to children. This makes DNA copying an important aspect of the reproduction process. Through chemical processes, a copy of DNA is...
Why is vegetative propagation practised for growing some types of plants?
Solution: The following are some of the advantages of using vegetative propagation to grow certain plants: Because some crops, such as oranges, bananas, and pineapples lack viable seeds, vegetative...
Can you think of reasons why more complex organisms cannot give rise to new individuals through regeneration?
Solution: Organisms at higher levels of complexity are unable to regenerate new people. This is because their organ systems are organised at various levels. All of these organ systems are linked...
How will an organism be benefited if it reproduces through spores?
Solution: The following are some of the ways that an organism will profit from spore reproduction: (a) A vast number of spores would be produced in a single sporangium.(b) To minimise rivalry at a...
How does binary fission differ from multiple fission?
Solution: Binary fission occurs when a single cell divides into two equal parts. Binary fission can be seen in bacteria and amoeba. Numerous fission occurs when a single cell divides into multiple...
Why is the variation beneficial to the species but not necessarily for the individual?
Solution: The reason that diversity is beneficial to species rather than individuals is that climate changes can have a severe impact on species, making survival difficult. For example, if the...
What is the importance of DNA copying in reproduction?
Solution: Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is the genetic substance found in all living species' cells. DNA transmits genetic information from one generation to the next, allowing organisms to reproduce...
No matter how far you stand from a mirror, your image appears erect. The mirror is likely to be
(a) plane (b) concave (c) convex (d) either plane or convex Answer – The correct option is (d). The mirrors are likely to be either plane or convex. A virtual picture is formed by a plane mirror or...
A ray of light travelling in air enters obliquely into water. Does the light ray bends towards the normal or away from the normal? Why?
Answer- The light ray bends in the direction of normal. When a light ray passes through an optically rarer medium (low refractive index) and enters an optically denser medium (high refractive...
Give two important uses of washing soda and baking soda.
Two uses of washing soda are as follows:- Used as an electrolyte.It can be used as a water softener for laundry in the home. Two uses of baking soda are as follows:- It can be used to determine the...
What is a neutralisation reaction? Give two examples.
The neutralisation reaction occurs when an acid and a base react to produce a product of salt and water. Examples:
Plaster of Paris should be stored in a moisture-proof container. Explain why?
Because moisture can harm the plaster of Paris by slowing the setting of the plaster due to hydration, it should be stored in a moisture-proof container. The plaster will be rendered worthless as a...
A milkman adds a very small amount of baking soda to fresh milk.
(a) Why does he shift the pH of the fresh milk from 6 to slightly alkaline? (b) Why does this milk take a long time to set as curd? Answer: (a) To prevent the milk from becoming sour due to the...
Fresh milk has a pH of 6. How do you think the pH will change as it turns into curd? Explain your answer.
The formation of lactic acid causes fresh milk to curdle. Curd contains lactic acid. Thus, due to the presence of an acid, the pH of milk is lowered.
Equal lengths of magnesium ribbons are taken in test tubes A and B.
Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is added to test tube A, while acetic acid (CH3COOH) is added to test tube B. Amount and concentration taken for both the acids are the same. In which test tube will the...
Five solutions A, B, C, D, and E when tested with universal indicator showed pH as 4, 1, 11, 7, and 9, respectively.
Which solution is (a) neutral? (b) Strongly alkaline? (c) Strongly acidic? (d) Weakly acidic? (e) Weakly alkaline? Answer: In increasing order of hydrogen ion concentration: pH 11(C) < pH...
Why do acids not show acidic behaviour in the absence of water?
Acids have an acidic behaviour due to the presence of hydrogen ions. Because hydrogen ions can only be formed in the presence of water, water is required for acids to exhibit acidic behaviour.
Why does distilled water not conduct electricity, whereas rainwater does?
Ionic compounds are not present in distilled water. Rainwater, on the other hand, contains far more chemicals.Carbonic acid is formed when rainwater dissolves acidic gases from the air, such as...
Compounds such as alcohols and glucose also contain hydrogen but are not categorized as acids. Describe an activity to prove it
Two nails should be inserted into the wooden or rubber cork and placed on a beaker as shown in the illustration. Connect a bulb, a 6-volt battery, and a wire to the switch using an iron nail. Dip...
Write word equations and then balanced equations for the reaction taking place when
(a) Dilute sulphuric acid reacts with aluminium powder. (b) Dilute hydrochloric acid reacts with iron filings. Answer: (a) Dilute sulphuric acid reacts with aluminium powder. dilute Sulphuric Acid +...
Write word equations and then balanced equations for the reaction taking place when
(a) Dilute sulphuric acid reacts with zinc granules. (b) Dilute hydrochloric acid reacts with magnesium ribbon. Answer: (a) Dilute sulphuric acid reacts with zinc granules: dilute sulphuric acid +...
Which one of the following types of medicines are used for treating indigestion? (a) Antibiotic (b) Analgesic (c) Antacid (d) Antiseptic
Indigestion is caused by the stomach producing too much acid. Antacids are medicines that are used to treat dyspepsia.
10 mL of a solution of NaOH is found to be completely neutralized by 8 mL of a given solution of HCl.
If we take 20 ml of the same solution of NaOH, the amount of HCl solution (the same solution as before) required to neutralize it will be (a) 4 mL (b) 8 mL (c) 12 mL (d) 16 mL Answer: Because 10 mL...
A solution reacts with crushed eggshells to give a gas that turns lime-water milky. The solution contains a) NaCl (b) HCl (c) LiCl (d) KCl
The answer is HCl. Calcium carbonate is found in eggshells, and when it reacts with HCl, it produces CO2, which turns lime water milky.
A solution turns red litmus blue, its pH is likely to be a) 1 (b) 4 (c) 5 (d) 10
Because litmus paper turns blue when it reacts with a basic solution, the answer is ten (p[H more than 7). As a result, the answer is 10.
Write an equation to show the reaction between Plaster of Paris and water.
The chemical equation for the reaction of Plaster of Paris and water is
What will happen if a solution of sodium hydrocarbonate is heated?
Give the equation of the reaction involved. Answer: When sodium hydrocarbonate is heated, sodium carbonate is formed, and carbon dioxide gas is released.
Name the sodium compound which is used for softening hard water.
The sodium compound that is utilised to soften hard water is sodium carbonate.
Name the substance which on treatment with chlorine yields bleaching powder
Calcium hydroxide is the material that produces bleaching powder when exposed to chlorine.
What is the common name of the compound CaOCl2?
The common name of CaOCl2 is bleaching powder.
Under what soil condition do you think a farmer would treat the soil of his fields with quick lime (calcium oxide) or slaked lime (calcium hydroxide) or chalk (calcium carbonate)?
If the soil is acidic (pH below 7), quick lime (calcium oxide), slaked lime (calcium hydroxide), or chalk should be used to treat it (calcium carbonate).
Do basic solutions also have H+(aq) ions? If yes, then why are these basic?
Basic solutions contain H+ ions, although hydroxide ions are more prevalent in basic solutions. As a result, the presence of hydrogen ions causes the solution to become basic.
What effect does the concentration of H+(aq) ions have on the nature of the solution?
The nature of the solution is determined by the concentration of hydrogen ions. If the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution increases, the solution becomes acidic; conversely, if the...
You have two solutions, A and B.
The pH of solution A is 6 and the pH of solution B is 8. Which solution has more hydrogen ion concentration? Which of these is acidic and which one is basic? Answer: In order to find the hydrogen...
How is the concentration of hydroxide ions (OH–) affected when excess base is dissolved in a solution of sodium hydroxide?
When a base is dissolved in sodium hydroxide solution, the number of hydroxide ions increases, but it eventually reaches saturation. Even after adding more base after reaching saturation, the...
How is the concentration of hydronium ions (H3O+) affected when a solution of an acid is diluted?
When acid is introduced to water, a certain amount of hydronium ion will be present in a certain volume of solution. When we dilute a solution, the amount of hydronium ion per volume of solution...
While diluting an acid, why is it recommended that the acid should be added to water and not water to the acid?
When diluting an acid, it is preferred that the acid be added to water rather than the water being added to the acid, because adding water to a concentrated acid releases a large amount of heat,...
Why does dry HCl gas not change the color of the dry litmus paper?
Because HCl does not emit hydrogen ions, it does not exhibit acidic behavior, and the color of the litmus paper does not change when it reacts with HCl gas.
Why does an aqueous solution of acid conduct electricity?
The conductivity of electricity in acid is caused by charged particles. The conductivity of electricity in acid is due to these charged particles known as ions.
Why do HCl, HNO3, etc., show acidic characters in aqueous solutions while solutions of compounds like alcohol and glucose do not show acidic character?
The presence of the H+ ion in water determines whether a substance is acidic or non-acidic. Acids are substances that produce hydrogen ions when they dissociate with water. As some chemicals...
Metal compound A reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid to produce effervescence.
The gas evolved extinguishes a burning candle. Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction if one of the compounds formed is calcium chloride. Answer: The gas developed here is CO2 since the...
Which gas is usually liberated when an acid reacts with a metal?
Illustrate with an example. How will you test for the presence of this gas? Salt and hydrogen gas are generated when an acid combines with any metal. Metal + Acid → Salt + Hydrogen gas
Why should curd and sour substances not be kept in brass and copper vessels?
Acids are found in curd and sour foods, and these acidic chemicals react with metal. This reaction turns food into poison, putting people's health at risk.
You are given three test tubes.
The three test tubes contain distilled water, acidic solution, and the basic solution respectively. There is only red litmus paper available in order to identify what is there in each test tube. How...
Give reasons why copper is used to making hot water tanks and not steel (an alloy of iron).
Copper is used to make hot water tanks, rather than steel (an alloy of iron) because copper does not react with either water or steam, whereas iron reacts with steam to corrode the tank.
A man went door to door posing as a goldsmith.
He promised to bring back the glitter of old and dull gold ornaments. An unsuspecting lady gave a set of gold bangles to him which he dipped in a particular solution. The bangles sparkled like new...
Differentiate between metal and non-metal on the basis of their chemical properties.
MetalsNon-metals1. When metals are heated with oxygen, ionic oxides occur, which are basic in nature and dissolve in water to produce bases. This changes the colour of red litmus paper to blue.1....
You must have seen tarnished copper vessels being cleaned with lemon or tamarind juice.
Explain why these sour substances are effective in cleaning the vessels. Answer: Lemon or tamarind is used to clean tarnished copper vessels because the sour ingredient includes acids that dissolve...
Give reasons
(a) Aluminium is a highly reactive metal, yet it is used to make utensils for cooking. (b) Carbonate and sulphide ores are usually converted into oxides during the process of extraction Answer: (a)...
Give reasons
(a) Platinum, gold, and silver are used to make jewelry. (b) Sodium, potassium, and lithium are stored under oil. Answer: (a) Because platinum, gold, and silver are highly reactive metals, they are...
What type of oxides are formed when non-metals combine with oxygen?
When non-metals react with oxygen, acidic or neutral oxides are formed. CO is a neutral oxide, whereas N2O5 or N2O3 is an acidic oxide.
State two ways to prevent the rusting of iron.
Rust-proof paints can be applied to the surface of iron to keep it from rusting.Applying oil/grease to the surface of iron items prevents the iron surface from coming into touch with moisture-laden...
Pratyush took sulphur powder on a spatula and heated it.
He collected the gas evolved by inverting a test tube over it, as shown in figure below. (a) What will be the action of gas on (i) dry litmus paper? (ii) moist litmus paper? (b) Write a balanced...
In the electrolytic refining of a metal M, what would you take as the anode, the cathode, and the electrolyte?
An impure and thick block of metal M is used as anode in the electrolytic refining process, whereas a thin strip or wire of pure metal M is used as a cathode. The electrolyte is a metal M salt...
Name two metals that will displace hydrogen from dilute acids, and two metals which will not.
Due to their high reactivity, zinc (Zn) and magnesium (Mg) are the two metals that will displace hydrogen from dilute acids. Because gold (Au) and silver (Ag) are less reactive, they will not be...
What are amphoteric oxides? Give two examples of amphoteric oxides
Amphoteric oxides are oxides that react with both acids and bases to produce salt and water. PbO and Al2O3 are two examples. Amphoteric oxides are compounds that react with acids and bases to...
You are given a hammer, a battery, a bulb, wires, and a switch.
(a) How could you use them to distinguish between samples of metals and non-metals? (b) Assess the usefulness of these tests in distinguishing between metals and non-metals. Answer: (a) Metals are...
Food cans are coated with tin and not with zinc because
(a) Zinc is costlier than tin. (b) Zinc has a higher melting point than tin. (c) Zinc is more reactive than tin. (d) Zinc is less reactive than tin. Answer: The answer is c. Because zinc is more...
An element reacts with oxygen to give a compound with a high melting point.
This compound is also soluble in water. The element is likely to be (a) Calcium (b) Carbon (c) Silicon (d) Iron Answer: Correct answer is option (a) i.e Calcium. Calcium oxide is formed when calcium...
Which of the following methods is suitable for preventing an iron frying pan from rusting?
Applying greaseApplying paintApplying a coating of zincAll of the above Answer: Answer is (c) Applying a coat of Zinc Although adding grease and painting keeps iron from rusting, both methods cannot...
Which of the following pairs will give displacement reactions?
(a) NaCl solution and copper metal (b) MgCl2 solution and aluminium metal (c) FeSO4 solution and silver metal (d) AgNO3 solution and copper metal Answer: The right answer is option d,...
What are alloys?
A homogenous blend of two or more metals, or a metal and a non-metal, is known as an alloy.
Which metals do not corrode easily?
Metals that are unreactive or inert in nature do not tend to corrode easily. For example, gold and platinum. These metals are inert in nature and thus do not react and so can last longer than...
Metallic oxides of zinc, magnesium and copper were heated with the following metals.
Answer: A metal with a higher reactivity can displace a metal with a lower reactivity from its oxide. The displacement reaction will occur in the following cases: magnesium is the most reactive...
What chemical process is used for obtaining a metal from its oxide?
Metal is extracted from its oxide via the reduction technique. Heating with carbon, for example, reduces zinc oxide to metallic zinc. Example: When lead oxide is heated with carbon, it is reduced to...
Name two metals that are found in nature in the free state
The two metals found in nature in the Ffee state are gold and platinum.
Define the following terms:
(i) Mineral (ii) Ore (iii) Gangue Answer: (i) Minerals are natural chemicals (also known as elements) found in the earth's crust. For example Alums, K2SO4.Al2(SO4)3.24H2O, etc. (ii) Ores are...
Why do ionic compounds have high melting points?
The substances that have both positive and negative charges are referred to as ionic compounds. As a result, there will be a strong attraction between them. Because breaking this force of attraction...
Answer the following questions:
(i) Write the electron-dot structures for sodium and oxygen. (ii) Show the formation of Na2O and MgO by the transfer of electrons. (iii)What are the ions present in these compounds? Answer: (i)...
What would you observe when zinc is added to a solution of iron (II) sulphate?
Write the chemical reaction that takes place. Answer: Zinc is more electro-positive (reactive) than iron. As a result, Zinc takes the place of Iron in its salt solution. Ferrous sulphate has a pale...
Which gas is produced when dilute hydrochloric acid is added to a reactive metal?
Write the chemical reaction when iron reacts with dilute H2SO4. Answer: When dilute HCl is introduced to a reactive metal, hydrogen gas is produced.
Samples of four metals A, B, C, and D were taken and added to the following solution one by one.
The results obtained have been tabulated as follows Use the table above to answer the following questions about metals A, B, C and D. Which is the most reactive metal?What would you observe if B is...
Write equations for the reactions of
(i) iron with steam (ii) calcium and potassium with water Answer: (i) With the release of H2, iron reacts with steam to generate a magnetic oxide of Fe. (ii) Calcium forms calcium hydroxide and...
Explain the meanings of malleable and ductile.
Malleable metals are those that can be pounded into sheets.Ductile metals are those that can be pulled into thin wires.
Give an example of a metal which
(i) Is the best conductor of heat? (ii) Is a poor conductor of heat? Answer: (i) Silver is the best heat conductor. (ii) Mercury and lead are both poor heat conductors.
Why is damage to the ozone layer a cause for concern? What steps are being taken to limit this damage?
The ozone layer serves as a shield for the earth. It keeps dangerous UV rays out of the atmosphere, which are hazardous and can cause skin cancer. However, air pollutants such as chlorofluorocarbons...
If all the waste we generate is biodegradable, will this have no impact on the environment?
Microorganisms breakdown biodegradable wastes into simpler molecules that can be used as a raw material by companies. However, the following are the consequences of a surplus of biodegradable waste:...
What are the problems caused by the non-biodegradable wastes that we generate?
The following are some of the issues that non-biodegradable wastes cause: Microorganisms are unable to breakdown these compounds.Dumping becomes a challenge as the quantity grows.In the top trophic...
What is biological magnification? Will the levels of this magnification be different at different levels of the ecosystem?
Biological amplification is the gradual increase in the concentration of the non-biodegradable contaminants in the food chain. All subsequent levels are affected as ecological amplification occurs...
Will the impact of removing all the organisms in the trophic level be different for different trophic levels? Can the organisms of any trophic level be removed without causing any damage to the ecosystem?
Yes, the effects of removing all species from a trophic level will vary depending on the trophic level. If all the producers are gone, there is a potential that the principal consumers would die or...
What will happen if we kill all the organisms in one trophic level?
If all of the species in one trophic level are killed, the food supply to the next level will be cut off, causing an ecosystem imbalance. As a result, the animals at higher trophic levels will die,...
Which of the following are environment-friendly practices? a. Carrying cloth bags to put purchases in while shopping b. Switching off unnecessary lights and fans c. Walking to school instead of getting your mother to drop you on her scooter d. All of the above
All of the above
Which of the following constitute a food-chain? a. Grass, wheat and mango b. Grass, goat and human c. Goat, cow and elephant d. Grass, fish and goat
b. Grass, goat and human The grass is the primary producer, the goat is the primary consumer, and the human is the secondary consumer in this scenario.
Which of the following groups contain only biodegradable items? a. Grass, flowers and leather b. Grass, wood and plastic c. Fruit peels, cake and lime juice d. Cake, wood and grass
a) Grass, flowers and leatherc) Fruit peels, cake and lime juiced) Cake, wood and grass The groupings that contain exclusively biodegradable things are the most important. That group cannot be...
How can you help in reducing the problem of waste disposal? Give any two methods.
The following are some suggestions for reducing the trash disposal issue: 3 R's: The 3 R's can help to alleviate the problem of waste disposal. Reduce, recycle, and reuse are the three R's. Air...
What is ozone and how does it affect the ecosystem?
Ozone is a molecule made up of three oxygen atoms that is classified as an isotope of oxygen. The major function of the ozone layer is to protect the earth's surface from the sun's harmful UV rays....
Give any two ways in which non-biodegradable substances would affect the environment.
The following are some of the ways that non-biodegradable compounds might harm the environment: They cause soil, air and water pollution.They have the potential to produce bio-magnification in the...
Give any two ways in which biodegradable substance would affect the environment.
Biodegradable compounds would have the following effects on the environment: They help to keep the environment clean since they degrade quickly. 2. With the help of decomposers, they can easily...
Why are some substances biodegradable and some non-biodegradable?
Because microbes like bacteria and decomposers like saprophytes have a specific role to play, some compounds are biodegradable while others are not. They can only break down natural materials like...
What is the role of decomposers in the ecosystem?
The roles of a decomposer in the ecosystem are: By decomposing the dead plants and animals, they operate as a cleaning agent for the environment.They help in recycling the nutrientsBy decomposing...
What are the trophic levels? Give an example of a food chain and state the different trophic levels in it.
The transfer of food or energy occurs at several levels in the food chain, and these levels are referred to as trophic levels. Example: Grass → Goat → Man In the food chain, The first trophic level...
On the basis of the issues raised in this chapter, what changes would you incorporate in your lifestyle in a move towards the sustainable usage of our resources?
Individuals can adopt the following adjustments into their habits to progress toward a more sustainable use of natural resources: Divide household garbage into biodegradable and non-biodegradable...
List five things you have done over the last week to (a) conserve our natural resources. (b) increase the pressure on our natural resources.
Practices for the conservation of natural resources include: When travelling, use bicycles and public transportation to save money on gas.Recycled paper and other recycled goods are used.Garbage is...
What can you as an individual do to reduce your consumption of the various natural resources?
Individuals can limit their usage of natural resources by implementing the following practises: Carpooling, bicycling, and public transportation are all fuel-efficient modes of...
How can you as an individual contribute or make a difference to the management of coal and petroleum?
An individual can contribute towards the management of non-renewable energy sources such as coal and petrol by: Using fuel-efficient modes of transportation such as carpooling, public...
How can you as an individual contribute or make a difference to the management of (a) forests and wildlife, (b) water resources
(a) Individuals can help manage forest and wildlife resources by doing the following: Organizing and participating in anti-deforestation and anti-wildlife poaching rallies.Volunteering for a variety...
We saw in this chapter that there are four main stakeholders when it comes to forests and wildlife. Which among these should have the authority to decide the management of forest produce? Why do you think so?
Because they are a branch of the government that is elected by the people, the government's forest department should have the authority. These forest officials, on the other hand, must not be...
Can you suggest some changes in your school which would make it environment-friendly?
Some important changes that can help make schools more environment-friendly include: Providing a platform for kids and teachers to report any leaky faucets so that the school plumber can swiftly fix...