Describe the change in hybridisation (if any) of the Al atom in the following reaction. $$ AlCl _{3}+C l^{-} \rightarrow A l C l_{4}^{-} $$

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Describe the change in hybridisation (if any) of the Al atom in the following reaction.

$AlCl _{3}+C l^{-} \rightarrow A l C l_{4}^{-}$

CBSE | Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure | Chemistry | Class 11 | NCERT

Describe the change in hybridisation (if any) of the Al atom in the following reaction.

$AlCl _{3}+C l^{-} \rightarrow A l C l_{4}^{-}$

Answer:

The hybridization of Al atom alters from $sp ^{2}$ in $AlCl _{3}$ to $sp ^{3}$ in $AlCl _{4}^{-}$ .
In $AlCl _{3}$ , Al contains 3 bond pairs of electrons and zero lone pair of electrons. Hence, it is sp $^{2}$ hybridized.

In $AlCl _{4}^{-}, Al$ atom has four electron bond pairs and no electron lone pairs, resulting in a total of four electron bond pairs.
Hence, it is $sp ^{3}$ hybridized.