Answer : let A denote the event that the chosen individual is female and B denote the event that the chosen individual is over 50 years old.
Given : Town consists of 6000 people, 1200 are over 50 years old, and 2000 are females
To find : Probability that a randomly chosen individual from the town is either female or over 50 years = P(A or B)
The formula used : Probability =P(A or B) = P(A) + P(B) – P(A and B)
For the event A ,
There are 2000 females present in a town of 6000 people Favourable number of outcomes = 2000
Total number of outcomes = 6000
For the event B,
There are 1200 are over 50 years of age in a town of 6000 people Favourable number of outcomes = 1200
Total number of outcomes = 6000
P(A) = 1200/6000 =1/5
30% of the females are over 50 years For the event A and B,
females are over 50 years of age Favourable number of outcomes = 600
P(A and B) = 600/6000 =1/10
P(A or B) = P(A) + P(B) – P(A and B)
P(A or B) = 13/20
P(A or B) = 13/20
P(A or B) = 13/20
The probability that a randomly chosen individual from the town is either female or over 50 years = P(A or B) = 13/20