Prove the following identities, where the angles involved are acute angles for which the expressions are defined.
Prove the following identities, where the angles involved are acute angles for which the expressions are defined.

(i) (cosec θ – cot θ)= (1-cos θ)/(1+cos θ)

(ii) cos A/(1+sin A) + (1+sin A)/cos A = 2 sec A

Solution:

(i) (cosec θ – cot θ)= (1-cos θ)/(1+cos θ)

Take the Left-Hand Side (L.H.S) of the given equation to prove the Right-Hand Side (R.H.S)

L.H.S. = (cosec θ – cot θ)2

Expand the given equation, which is written as (a-b)2.

As we know (a-b)2 = a2 + b2 – 2ab

Here a = cosec θ and b = cot θ

= (cosec2θ + cot2θ – 2cosec θ cot θ)

To simplify, we need to apply the equivalent ratios and the corresponding inverse functions

= (1/sin2θ + cos2θ/sin2θ – 2cos θ/sin2θ)

= (1 + cos2θ – 2cos θ)/(1 – cos2θ)

= (1-cos θ)2/(1 – cosθ)(1+cos θ)

= (1-cos θ)/(1+cos θ) = R.H.S.

As a result, (cosec θ – cot θ)= (1-cos θ)/(1+cos θ)

Hence proved.

(ii)  (cos A/(1+sin A)) + ((1+sin A)/cos A) = 2 sec A

We need to take the Left Hand Side(L.H.S) of the equation

L.H.S. = (cos A/(1+sin A)) + ((1+sin A)/cos A)

= [cos2A + (1+sin A)2]/(1+sin A)cos A

= (cos2A + sin2A + 1 + 2sin A)/(1+sin A) cos A

As we know, cos2A + sin2A = 1, so it can be written as,

= (1 + 1 + 2sin A)/(1+sin A) cos A

= (2+ 2sin A)/(1+sin A)cos A

= 2(1+sin A)/(1+sin A)cos A

= 2/cos A = 2 sec A = Right Hand Side (R.H.S.)

L.H.S. = R.H.S.

(cos A/(1+sin A)) + ((1+sin A)/cos A) = 2 sec A

As a result, hence proved.