Zr (Z = 40) and Hf (Z = 72) have similar atomic and ionic radii because of:
(1) Belonging to same group
(2) Diagonal relationship
(3) Lanthanoid contraction
(4) Having similar chemical properties
Zr (Z = 40) and Hf (Z = 72) have similar atomic and ionic radii because of:
(1) Belonging to same group
(2) Diagonal relationship
(3) Lanthanoid contraction
(4) Having similar chemical properties

Answer is (3)

The radii of the members of the third transition series are remarkably similar to those of the corresponding members of the second series due to the cumulative effect of the lanthanoid series contraction, known as lanthanoid contraction.

The lanthanoid contraction is responsible for the nearly similar radii of Zr (160 pm) and Hf (159 pm).