Solution:

“Atoms can combine either by transferring valence electrons from one atom to another or by sharing their valence electrons in order to achieve the closest inert gas configuration by having an octet in their valence shell,” according to the octet rule.

The octet rule explains how chemical bonds form depending on the element’s nature.

Limitations:

(a) The octet rule fails to predict the molecules’ relative stability and shape.

(b) It is based on noble gases’ inert nature. However, some inert gases, such as krypton (Kr) and xenon (Xe), form compounds such as KrF2, XeF2, and so on.

(c) The octet rule does not apply to elements beyond the third period. More than 8 valence electrons surround the central atom in elements beyond the 3rd period. For example, SF6, PF6, and so on.