The class 12th physics is a vital subject in the curriculum. Thus, with the ongoing pandemic, the UP board has reduced the syllabus by 30%. The revised syllabus is based on the basics and advanced concepts of physics that will help the student develop knowledge and the right skills. The physics concept of the revised syllabus is based on the NCERT textbooks, which will also be beneficial for the student to develop a practical approach for the topics discussed. For the theory exam, the students will have only one paper to write. Whereas, the old syllabus had two papers that were lengthy as well.

The following information is for class 12 students to get acquainted with the physics syllabus to prepare for their exams accordingly.

Class 12 UP Board Physics Syllabus

The following table gives the summary of the physics syllabus for class 12 declared by the UP board for the academic year 2021-22:

Unit	Topic	Marks
Part A
1	static electricity	08
2	electric current	07
3	Magnetic effect of Current and Magnetism	08
4	Electromagnetic induction and alternating currents	08
5	Electromagnetic waves	04
Part B
1	Optics	13
2	Matter and dual nature	06
3	Atoms and nuclei	08
4	Electronic Devices	08

Unit I: Electrostatics

Unit I consists of two chapters, and the sub-topics from these chapters are as follows:

• Chapter 1: Electric Charges and Fields
• Chapter 2: Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance

The unit electrostatics defines and explains an electric charge, what is the quantization of charge, the law of conservation of charge, Electric field and Electric lines, Coulomb’s law in vector form, Electric field Intensity (E), Electric Flux, Electric Potential (V), Potential Gradient, Gauss’s Theorem, Torque, Potential Energy, Electric Field Intensity and Potential due to an Electric Dipole,

Work Done, Capacitor, Electrostatic Shielding, and Lightning Conductor.

Unit II Current Electricity

• Chapter 3: Current Electricity

Unit II has only one chapter current electricity that explains concepts about what is Electric current (I), Electric resistance, mobility, Current density, resistivity, Ohm’s Law, Electrical Conductivity, the thermal velocity of free electrons, color coding of Carbon Resistors, Ohmic Conductors, Non-ohmic Conductors, Superconductors, Equivalent resistance, Combination of Resistors (In Series and parallel), Grouping of Cells, Primary and secondary Electric Cell, Balanced Wheatstone Bridge, Meter Bridge, Terminal Potential Difference of a Cell, and Potentiometer.

Unit III: Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism

• Chapter 4: Moving Charges and Magnetism
• Chapter 5: Magnetism and Matter

In unit III of magnetic effects of current and magnetism, it explains different concepts like Voltmeter, Ammeter, Oersted’s Experiment, Ampere’s Swimming Rule, Maxwell’s Cork Screw Rule, Magnetic Field, Magnetic Field Due to a Straight Current-Carrying Conductor, Biot Savart’s Law, Right Hand Thumb Rule, Fleming’s Left-Hand Rule, Magnetic Dipole, Ampere’s Circuital Law, Solenoid, Toroid, Lorentz Force, Cyclotron – principle and limitations, Current Sensitivity, Voltage Sensitivity.

Unit IV: Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Currents

• Chapter 6: Electromagnetic Induction
• Chapter 7: Alternating Current

Unit IV consists of Motional Emf, Faraday’s Laws of Electromagnetic Induction, Fleming’s Right-Hand Rule, Lenz’s law, Self-Induction, Coefficient of Self-Induction, Mutual Induction, Coefficient of Mutual Induction and Grouping of Coils.

Unit V: Electromagnetic Waves

• Chapter 8: Electromagnetic Waves

The sub-topics for unit V are Displacement Current, Ampere-Maxwell Law, Electromagnetic Waves, Electromagnetic Spectrum, Earth’s Atmosphere, Communication, Analog Signal, Modulation, Demodulation, Radio Waves, Microwave Propagation, Satellite Communication, Remote Sensing, and Optical Fibres.

Unit VI: Optics

• Chapter 9: Ray Optics and Optical Instruments
• Chapter 10: Wave Optics

The sub-topics for unit VI are Light, Characteristics of Light, Laws of Reflection, types of mirror, Plane Mirror, Spherical Mirror, Magnification, Linear Magnification, Areal, Axial Magnification, Lateral inversion, Laws of Refraction of Light, the law of Refractive Index, Critical Angle, Total Internal Reflection (TIR), Optical Fibres, Lens, Power of a Lens, Focal Length of a Lens Combination, Linear Magnification, Focal Length of a Convex Lens by Displacement Method, Cutting of a Lens, Prism, Human Eye, Camera, Simple Microscope, and Scattering of Light.

Unit VII: Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter

Chapter 11: Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter

Important topics of this unit include the Photoelectric effect, Planck’s idea, Hertz and Lenard’s Experiment, Threshold Frequency, and Wave Function.

Unit VIII Atoms and Nuclei

• Chapter 12: Atoms
• Chapter 13: Nuclei

The unit covers the topics as mentioned: Nucleus, Isotopes, Isobars, Isotones, Isomers, Nuclear Force, Mass Defect, Nuclear Binding Energy, Radioactivity, Nuclear Fission, Nuclear Reactor, and Thermonuclear Energy.

Unit–IX Electronic Devices

• Chapter–14: Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices, and Simple Circuits

This unit focuses on concepts like Solid and its types, Monocrystalline and Polycrystalline, Liquid Crystals, Crystal Lattice, Energy Bands of Solids, Thermionic Emission and diode, Types of Semiconductor, p-n Junction, Rectifier, Transistor, Light Emitting Diodes (LED), Truth Table, Basic Logic Gates like OR Gate, AND Gate, and NOT Gate, and Combination of Gates like NAND Gate and NOR Gate.

Conclusion

The above brief of information will prove beneficial for the students to be thorough with the concepts and organize their preparation time productively. It will help the students to prepare well for their prelims and the main board exams in 2021. By going through the syllabus, students can understand the marking system and weightage for each unit which will help them prioritize the topics accordingly. The UP board has announced the syllabus and exam dates for the academic year 2021-22. So if a student wishes to score good marks in class 12 physics, the above syllabus and marking system will benefit them.

Frequently Asked Questions of UP Board Class 12

Q1. Which topics in physics are the most difficult and the student should give more focus?

Ans. The topics considered difficult in physics for class 12, and the student should focus more are Electromagnetism and Quantum Mechanics.

Q2. Which are the major components of physics?

Ans. Physics is a section of science that deals with the relation between energy and matter. There are two major branches in physics: Classical physics and modern physics. Following are the subtypes of physics:

• Mechanics
• Thermodynamics
• Optics
• Electromagnetism
• Electronics
• Statistical Mechanics
• The Relativity theory
• Quantum Mechanics
• Classical Mechanics

Q3. What is the weightage for each unit of physics for class 12?

Ans.  The following shows the weightage for the units in physics for class 12:

1 static electricity 08

2 electric current 07

3 Magnetic effect of Current and Magnetism 08

4 Electromagnetic induction and alternating currents 08

5 Electromagnetic waves 04

Part B

1 Optics 13

2 Matter and dual nature 06

3 Atoms and nuclei 08

4 Electronic Devices 08

Q4. Where can the students find and download the syllabus for UP Board class 12 physics 2021?

Ans. Students can view the syllabus for class 12 physics for the UP board on the website Upmsp.Edu.In. Students can also download the syllabus from the website can keep it for their reference. There is also some other educational website that provides detailed information about the subject and the marks distribution.