When a piece of limestone reacts with dilute HCl, a gas X is produced. When gas X is passed through water, then a white precipitate Y is formed. On passing excess of gas X, the white precipitate dissolves forming a soluble compound Z.
When a piece of limestone reacts with dilute HCl, a gas X is produced. When gas X is passed through water, then a white precipitate Y is formed. On passing excess of gas X, the white precipitate dissolves forming a soluble compound Z.

(a) What are X, Y, and Z?

(b) Write equations for the reactions which take place:

(i) when limestone reacts with dilute HCl

(ii) when gas X reacts with limewater to form white precipitate Y.

(iii) when excess gas X dissolves white precipitate Y to form a soluble compound Z.

(a) X is carbon dioxide Y is calcium carbonate Z is calcium hydrogen carbonate.