Solution: An ovule is a female megasporangium from where megaspores formation takes place. The various parts of an ovule are –1) Funicle - It is a stalk-like structure that serves as the point of...
List any three important characteristics of a population and explain.
Solution: A population is a group of creatures belonging to the same species that live in a specific geographical area at a specified time and work together as a unit. The population of humans, for...
Select the statement which explains the best parasitism.
(a) One organism is benefited.
(b) Both the organisms are benefited.
(c) One organism is benefited, other is not affected.
(d) One organism is benefited, other is affected.
Solution: (d) One creature benefits, while the other is affected. Parasitism is a sort of interspecies interaction in which one species (parasite) benefits while the other species (host) suffers...
With the help of suitable diagram describe the logistic population growth curve.
Solution: The logistic population growth curve is most commonly observed in yeast cells produced in laboratory circumstances, and it contains five phases: The lag phase - the population of yeast...
Define the following terms and give one example for each:
(a) Commensalism
(b) Parasitism
(c) Camouflage
(d) Mutualism
(e) Interspecific competition
Solution: (a) Commensalism Commensalism is the interaction between two species in which one benefits while the other stays unaffected. Barnacles adhering to a whale's body and an orchid growing on...
Define population and community.
Solution: A population is a collection of individuals of the same species living in a specific geographical area at the same time and acting as a unit. A community can be defined as a group of...
Give an example for:
(a) An endothermic animal
(b) An ectothermic animal
(c) An organism of benthic zone
Solution: Crows, sparrows, cranes, cows, rabbits, rats, etc. are examples of endothermic animals. Amphibians, sharks, frogs, snakes, tortoises, and lizards are examples of ectothermic animals....
List the various abiotic environmental factors.
Solution: Abiotic environmental factors are formed by all the non-living components of an ecosystem which includes the following: Temperature – It is one of the most important elements that vary...
Write a short note on
(a) Adaptations of desert plants and animals
(b) Adaptations of plants to water scarcity
(c) Behavioral adaptations in animals
(d) Importance of light to plants
(e) Effect of temperature or water scarcity and the adaptations of animals.
Solution: (a) Adaptations of desert plants and animals Desert plants: The blazing heat and shortage of water are two of the most severe conditions found in deserts. Desert plants have adapted to...
Distinguish between the following:
(a) Hibernation and Aestivation
(b) Ectotherms and Endotherms
Solution: The differences are as follows: (a) Hibernation and Aestivation HibernationAestivationWinter sleep, also known as hibernation, is a state of reduced activity exhibited in some organisms in...
What is the ecological principle behind the biological control method of managing pest insects?
Solution: The biological management approach of managing pest insects is based on the ecological principle of predation. Predation is the biological interaction between a predator and prey in which...
An orchid plant is growing on the branch of the mango tree. How do you describe this interaction between the orchid and the mango tree?
Solution: Epiphytes, often known as air plants, are organisms that grow on other plants. An orchid growing on the branch of a mango tree is an example of an epiphyte. Such plants get their nutrients...
Name important defense mechanisms in plants against herbivory.
Solution: A category of animals that feeds only on plants is known as herbivores and this state or condition is called herbivory. Plants have evolved mechanisms both chemical and morphological, to...
If a population growing exponentially double in size in 3 years, what is the intrinsic rate of increase (r) of the population?
Solution: If food resources are adequately available to individuals in a population, it grows exponentially. To estimate the exponential growth, we can use the integral form of exponential growth...
List the attributes that populations possess but not individuals.
Solution: The population can be defined as a group of entities belonging to the same species, residing in a specific geographical area at a particular time, which also functioning together as a...
Most living organisms cannot survive at a temperature above 45 degrees C. How are some microbes able to live in habitats with temperatures exceeding 100 degrees C?
Solution: Thermophiles or Archaebacteria are ancient forms of bacteria that are found in deep-sea hydrothermal vents and hot water springs. They are able to tolerate the high temperature, which...
If a marine fish is placed in a freshwater aquarium, will the fish be able to survive? Why or why not?
Solution: The chances of survival of marine fish will reduce if placed in a freshwater aquarium as their bodies are accustomed to an environment with higher salt concentrations. In a freshwater...
How is diapause different from hibernation?
Solution: Diapause is a phase of suspended development in an insect, other invertebrates, or mammal embryo, to deal with undesirable conditions. Several species of Zooplankton and insects go through...