Structure of Atom Archives

Structure of Atom

Lifetimes of the molecules in the excited states are often measured by using pulsed radiation source of duration nearly in the nanosecond range. If the radiation source has the duration of $2 \mathrm{~ns}$ and the number of photons emitted during the pulse source is $2.5 \times 10^{15} J$ , calculate the energy of the source.

CBSE, Chemistry, Class 11, NCERT, Structure of Atom

Frequency of radiation $(\nu)$, $\nu=\frac{1}{2.0 \times 10^{-9} s}$ $\nu=5.0 \times 10^{8} s^{-1}$ Energy $(E)$ of source $=$ Nhv Where, $N$ is the no. photons emitted $\mathrm{h}$ is Planck's...

Arrange the following type of radiations in increasing order of frequency: (a) radiation from microwave oven (b) amber light from traffic signal (c) radiation from FM radio (d) cosmic rays from outer space and (e) X-rays.

CBSE, Chemistry, Class 11, NCERT, Structure of Atom

The following is the frequency order in ascending order: Radiation from FM radio < amber light < radiation from microwave oven < X- rays < cosmic rays The following is the increasing...

Explain, giving reasons, which of the following sets of quantum numbers are not possible.
a) $n=0, I=0, m_{1}=0, m_{s}=+\frac{1}{2}$
b) $n=1, I=0, m_{1}=0, m_{s}=-\frac{1}{2}$
c) $n=1, I=1, m_{1}=0, m_{s}=+\frac{1}{2}$
d) $n=2, I=0, m_{1}=1, m_{s}=-\frac{1}{2}$
e) $n=3, I=3, m_{1}=-3, m_{s}=+\frac{1}{2}$
f) $n=3, I=0, m_{1}=1, m_{s}=+\frac{1}{2}$

CBSE, Chemistry, Class 11, NCERT, Structure of Atom

a) This is not possible. The number n cannot be zero. (b) Possible. (c) This is not possible. The value of l can't be the same as the value of n. (d) This is not possible. Because mt can't be 1 when...

What is the lowest value of n that allows g orbitals to exist?

CBSE, Chemistry, Class 11, NCERT, Structure of Atom

For g-orbitals, l = 4. The possible values of ‘l’ range from 0 to (n-1),. For any given value of ‘n’, Hence, least value of n = 5, l = 4 (g orbital),

(II) What are the atomic numbers of elements whose outermost electrons are represented by (a) $3 s^{1}$ (b) $2 \mathrm{p}^{3}$ and (c) $3 p^{5} ?$

CBSE, Chemistry, Class 11, NCERT, Structure of Atom

(II) (a) $3 \mathrm{~s}^{1}$ Complete electronic configuration: $1 \mathrm{~s}^{2} 2 \mathrm{~s}^{2} 2 \mathrm{p}^{6} 3 \mathrm{~s}^{1}$ Total no. electrons in the atom $=2+2+6+1=11 \quad...

The electron energy in hydrogen atom is given by $En= (-2.18\times10^{-18} )/n2 J$ . Calculate the energy required to remove an electron completely from the n = 2 orbit. What is the longest wavelength of light in cm that can be used to cause this transition?

CBSE, Chemistry, Class 11, NCERT, Structure of Atom

Required energy for the ionization from $\mathrm{n}=2$ is: $ \begin{array}{l} \Delta E=E_{\infty}-E_{2} \\ =\left[\left(\frac{-\left(2.18 \times...

What is the energy in joules, required to shift the electron of the hydrogen atom from the first Bohr orbit to the fifth Bohr orbit and what is the wavelength of the light emitted when the electron returns to the ground state? The ground state electron energy is $-2.18\times10^{-11}$ ergs. The ground-state electron energy is $-2.18\times10^{-11}$ ergs.

CBSE, Chemistry, Class 11, NCERT, Structure of Atom

$ E_{5}=\frac{-\left(2.18 \times 10^{-18}\right) Z^{2}}{(n)^{2}} $ Where, $Z$ denotes the atom's atomic number Ground state energy $=-2.18 \times 10^{-11}$ ergs $=-2.18 \times 10^{-11} \times...

Calculate the wavenumber for the longest wavelength transition in the Balmer series of atomic hydrogen.

CBSE, Chemistry, Class 11, NCERT, Structure of Atom

The Balmer series of the hydrogen emission spectrum, ni = 2. Hence, wavenumber expression ν is: $ \bar{\nu}=\left[\frac{1}{(2)^{2}}-\frac{1}{n_{f}^{2}}\right]\left(1.097 \times 10^{7}...

The quantum numbers of six electrons are given below. Arrange them in order of increasing energies. If any of these combination(s) has/have the same energy lists: n = 4, l = 2, ml = –2 , ms = –1/2 n = 3, l = 2, ml= 1 , ms = +1/2 n = 4, l = 1, ml = 0 , ms = +1/2 n = 3, l = 2, ml = –2 , ms = –1/2 n = 3, l = 1, ml = –1 , ms= +1/2 n = 4, l = 1, ml = 0 , ms = +1/2

CBSE, Chemistry, Class 11, NCERT, Structure of Atom

The 4d, 3d, 4p, 3d, 3p, and 4p orbitals are home to electrons 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6. (respectively). Ranking these orbitals in the increasing order of energies: (3p) < (3d) < (4p) < (4d).

The unpaired electrons in Al and Si are present in 3p orbital. Which electrons will experience more effective nuclear charge from the nucleus?

CBSE, Chemistry, Class 11, NCERT, Structure of Atom

The net positive charge acting on an electron in an atom's orbital with more than one electron is known as the nuclear charge. The nuclear charge increases as the atomic number increases. Silicon...

Calculate the wavelength, frequency and wavenumber of a light wave whose period is 2.0 × 10–10 s.

CBSE, Chemistry, Class 11, NCERT, Structure of Atom

Frequency of the light wave $\nu$ = $\frac{1}{Period} \frac{1}{Period}$ $=\frac{1}{2.0\times 10^{-10}\, s} =5.0\times 10^{9}\, s^{-1 }$ Wavelength of the light wave$\lambda=c\nu$ Where, c denotes...

How many neutrons and protons are there in the following nuclei? $_{6}^{13}\textrm{C}\: ,\: _{8}^{16}\textrm{O}\: ,\: _{12}^{24}\textrm{Mg}\: ,\: _{26}^{56}\textrm{Fe}\: ,\: _{38}^{88}\textrm{Sr}$

CBSE, Chemistry, Class 11, NCERT, Structure of Atom

${}_{6}^{13}C$: Mass number of carbon-13 = 13 Atomic number of carbon = Number of protons in one carbon atom = 6 Therfore, total number of neutrons in 1 carbon atom = Mass number – Atomic number =...

(i) Calculate the number of electrons which will together weigh one gram. (ii) Calculate the mass and charge of one mole of electrons.

CBSE, Chemistry, Class 11, NCERT, Structure of Atom

1 electron weighs 9.109*10-31 kg. Therefore, number of electrons that weigh 1 g (10-3 kg) = 1.098*1027 electrons (ii) Mass of one mole of electrons = NA* mass of one electron =...

Increase in kinetic energy can overcome intermolecular forces of attraction. How will the viscosity of liquid be affected by the increase in temperature? (i) Increase (ii) No effect (iii) Decrease (iv) No regular pattern will be followed

CBSE, Chemistry, Class 11, NCERT Exemplar, Structure of Atom

The correct option is (iii) Decrease.

What is the SI unit of viscosity coefficient (η)? (i) Pascal (ii) Nsm–2 (iii) km–2 s (iv) N m–2

CBSE, Chemistry, Class 11, NCERT Exemplar, Structure of Atom

The correct option is (ii) Nsm–2

The interaction energy of the London force is inversely proportional to the sixth power of the distance between two interacting particles but their magnitude depends upon (i) charge of interacting particles (ii) mass of interacting particles (iii) polarisability of interacting particles (iv) strength of permanent dipoles in the particles.

CBSE, Chemistry, Class 11, NCERT Exemplar, Structure of Atom

The correct option is (iii) polarisability of interacting particles.

How many neutrons and protons are there in the following nuclei?

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Ans: 24 is the mass number. The number of protons in an atom equals the number of atoms in the atom. Mass number – Atomic number = 24 – 12 = 12 neutrons Numerical value of mass nubmer = 56 Number...

Assertion (A): The black body is an ideal body that emits and absorbs radiations of all frequencies. Reason (R): The frequency of radiation emitted by a body goes from a lower frequency to higher frequency with an increase in temperature.

Chemistry, Class 11, Exercise 1, NCERT, Structure of Atom

(i) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A. (ii) Both A and R are true but R is not the explanation of A. (iii) A is true and R is false. (iv) Both A and R are false. ...

The effect of the uncertainty principle is significant only for the motion of microscopic particles and is negligible for the macroscopic particles. Justify the statement with the help of a suitable example.

Chemistry, Class 11, Exercise 1, NCERT, Structure of Atom

The uncertainty principle is applicable only for microscopic particles and can be concluded from the uncertainty measurement. Example: Take a particle of mass = 1 milligram ∆x. ∆ν = 60626*10-34/...

Table-tennis ball has a mass 10 g and a speed of 90 m/s. If speed can be measured within an accuracy of 4% what will be the uncertainty in speed and position?

Chemistry, Class 11, Exercise 1, NCERT, Structure of Atom

According to Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle: ∆x. ∆p ≥ h/4π Mass of the ball = 4 g Speed is = 90 m /s Uncertainity of speed, ∆v = 4/100 × 90 ∆v = 3.6 m/s ∆x = h/4πm∆v ∆x = 6.26 × 10-34 / 4 × 3.14...

What is the difference between the terms orbit and orbital?

Chemistry, Class 11, Exercise 1, NCERT, Structure of Atom

Orbit represents a clear circular path for electrons to surround the nucleus. Represents the two-dimensional movement of electrons around the nucleus, the orbital is not that well defined because it...

Chlorophyll present in green leaves of plants absorbs light at 4.620 × 1014 Hz. Calculate the wavelength of radiation in nanometer. Which part of the electromagnetic spectrum does it belong to?

Chemistry, Class 11, Exercise 1, NCERT, Structure of Atom

The relationship between the wavelength and the frequency: λ = c/ν c - Velocity of light v - Frequency of the radiation. λ = 3 x 108 ms-1 / 4.620 x 1014 Hz Hence, λ = 0.6494...

Out of electron and proton which one will have, a higher velocity to produce matter waves of the same wavelength? Explain it.

Chemistry, Class 11, Exercise 1, NCERT, Structure of Atom

The electron which is a lighter particle will have the higher velocity and will also produce matter waves having the same wavelength. This is because, if the mass is less, then the velocity increases.

The Balmer series in the hydrogen spectrum corresponds to the transition from n1 = 2 to n2 = 3,4,………. This series lies in the visible region. Calculate the wavenumber of the line associated with the transition in Balmer series when the electron moves to n = 4 orbit. (RH= 109677 cm-1)

Chemistry, Class 11, Exercise 1, NCERT, Structure of Atom

Calculation: According to Bohr’s model for the hydrogen atom; ν = RH(1/n12-1/ n22)cm-1 Given, n1 = 2 n2 = 4 H (Rydberg’s constant) = 109677 Wave number = 109677 ( ¼-1/16) Hence, Wave number =...

The electronic configuration of the valence shell of Cu is 3d10 4s1 and not 3d94s2. How is this configuration explained?

Chemistry, Class 11, Exercise 1, NCERT, Structure of Atom

Great stability is established to the orbitals which are half or completely filled. In the given electronic configuration 3d104s1 of Copper (Cu), the stability is assured (d orbitals - filled, s...

Wavelengths of different radiations are given below :

Chemistry, Class 11, Exercise 1, NCERT, Structure of Atom

λ(A) = 300 nm λ(B) = 300 μm λ(c) = 3 nm λ (D) 30 A° Arrange these radiations in the increasing order of their energies. Given, λ(A) = 300 nm λ(A) = 300 x 10-9 m λ(A) = 3 x 10 -7 m λ(B)...

An atom having atomic mass number 13 has 7 neutrons. What is the atomic number of the atom?

Chemistry, Class 11, Exercise 1, NCERT, Structure of Atom

Calculation: Atomic mass number = number of protons + number of neutrons Number of protons = atomic mass number – number of neutrons. Hence, atomic number of an atom = 13 – 7 = 6.

Which of the following will not show deflection from the path on passing through an electric field? Proton, cathode rays, electron, neutron

Chemistry, Class 11, Exercise 1, NCERT, Structure of Atom

Neutron shows no deflection from the path passing through the electric field. This is due to the neutrality of neutron particles. Therefore, it has no charge and is not affected by any electrical...

Calculate the total number of angular nodes and radial nodes present in 3p orbital.

Chemistry, Class 11, Exercise 1, NCERT, Structure of Atom

The region where the probability of finding the electrons is zero, it is considered as the nodes and is it present among the orbitals. Example: In the np orbitals, Nodes = n – l – 1 Nodes = 3 –1 – 1...

Which of the following orbitals are degenerate? 3dxy, 4dxy, 3dz2 , 3dyx, 4dyx, 4dzz

Chemistry, Class 11, Exercise 1, NCERT, Structure of Atom

The electron energy in a multielectron atom, in contrast to the hydrogen atom, depends not only on its quantum number, but also on its azimuthal quantum number. The same electron shells and the same...

Nickel atom can lose two electrons to form Ni2+ ion. The atomic number of nickel is 28. From which orbital will nickel lose two electrons.

Chemistry, Class 11, Exercise 1, NCERT, Structure of Atom

1 Ni atom = 28 electrons and its electronic configuration is 4s2 3d8 It turns to Ni2+ by losing 2 electrons and its electronic configuration becomes 4s0 3d8 According to the Aufbau principle, Ni...