Rainwater is frequently collected and channelled through a stream in hilly areas. With the use of canals, the stream is channelled to different locations for irrigation. Water is typically obtained...
Groundwater and lakes are the principal sources of water in densely populated metropolitan areas. Borewells are used to extract groundwater, whereas pipes extract water directly from lakes. The...
Forest conservation can be accomplished in a variety of ways, including: To counteract deforestation, trees are being planted.Security troops are stationed in forests to deter forest resource...
Forest conservation is critical to the environment's long-term stability. Forests are home to a diverse range of living forms. Destruction of these forests has the potential to disrupt the food...
Equitable resource distribution ensures that everyone gets their fair share of the resources and that everyone has the fundamental necessities of life (such as food, water, shelter, etc.). The...
The long-term model of resource consumption allows for resource conservation so that future generations can benefit from them. This will allow the economy to expand over a longer period of time. It...
The ciliary muscle thickens the lens of the eye as it focuses on a close object.
The ciliary muscles serve to alter the shape of the lens in the eye.
The cornea of the eye has the highest degree of refraction of light
The eye-lens' main job is to concentrate light on the retina.
The given statement is true.
a) Cones is the answer b) Rods is the answer
The two types of light-responsive cells in the retina of an eye are rods and cones.
Light-sensitive cells can be found in the retina.
A blind spot is an area of the retina that is unresponsive to light.
The retina is the portion of the eye that functions similarly to photographic film in a camera.
This is accomplished by contracting the pupil of our eyes.
The pupil in the eye's duty is to enlarge or shrink in response to the intensity of light surrounding it.
The purpose of an eye lens is to alter the shape and thickness of light so that it can concentrate on the retina.
The retina of the human eye is where a picture is generated.
a) Cornea is the answer b) Retina is the answer
a) Iris is the answer b) Retina is the answer c) Ciliary muscles is the answer
The cornea and eye-lens are the two components of the eye that refract light rays.
The human eye contains a convex lens.
d) 1.125 is the right answer.
Carbon disulphide (d) is the right answer.
c) 0.75 is the right answer.
a) 1.33 is the correct answer.
d) material S is the right answer. Explanation:Refractive index $=\frac{\sin i}{\sin r}$ Because the value of (Sin i) is the same in all circumstances, the value of (Sin $r$) will be the highest for...
m/s and that in air is 
m/s. The refractive index of this substance will be:a) 2.4 is the right answer. Refractive Index: Speed of light in air/Speed of light in substance $\frac{3\times 10^8}{1.25\times 10^8}=2.4$
In medium C, the correct answer is c).
c) 1/3 is the proper answer.
c) material C is the right answer.
d) S is the right answer.
The incident ray, the refracted ray, and the normal at the point of incidence are all in the same plane, according to the first law of refraction. For a particular pair of media, the ratio of sine...
m/s.Given, Diamond has a refractive index of 2.42. In air, the speed of light is \(3\times {{10}^{8}}\)m/s. Diamond refractive index = speed of light in air divided by speed of light in diamond In a...
m/s. If the speed of light in vacuum bem/s, calculate the refractive index of water.In vacuum, the speed of light is \(3\times {{10}^{8}}\)/s. In water, the speed of light is\(2.25\times {{10}^{8}}\)m/s. Water's refractive index is equal to the speed of light in vacuum divided by...
m/sGiven, Glass has a refractive index of 1.5. In air, the speed of light is \(3\times {{10}^{8}}\)m/s. Glass refractive index = (light speed in air)/ (speed of light in glass) In a glass, the speed of...
Medium refractive index = 6/5 = 1.2 In the air, the speed of light is 3,00,000 km/s. We know that the medium's refractive index = (light speed in air)/ (speed of light in medium) (300000)/1.2 =...
m/s. In medium X its speed is 
m/s and in medium Y the speed of light is 
m/s. Calculatea) Air has a relative refractive index of 1.5, and X = (speed of light in air)/(speed of light in medium X) b) Air's relative refractive index is 1.2, with Y = (speed of light in air)/(speed of...
a) The refractive index of flint glass is 1.61 when the speed of light in vacuum is divided by the speed of light in flint glass. Crown glass refractive index = (speed of light in vacuum)/(speed of...
For a particular pair of media, Snell's law states that the ratio of sine of angle of incidence to sine of angle of refraction equals the constant. (sine of angle of incidence)/refractive index...
Diamond, water, and glass are three examples of materials that refract light rays. The speed of light rays entering these materials decreases.
When a beam of light passes through air and into a transparent substance, it bends. The refractive index of the material determines how much the ray bends.
speed of light in vacuum/refractive index of a substance (speed of light in the material)
From air to diamond, the refractive index is 2.24. From diamond to air, the refractive index is 12.24 = 0.41.
The refractive index of diamond is 2.24, which implies that the ratio of light speed in air to light speed in diamond is 2.24.
Carbon disulfide has a higher density than ethyl alcohol.
The refractive index of glass is greater than that of water.
There is no such thing as a refractive index unit.
The refractive index of a medium is the relationship between the angle of incidence and the angle of refraction. The ratio of the sine of the angle of incidence to the sine of the angle of...
The refractive index is the ratio of the sine of the angle of incidence to the sine of the angle of refraction.
c) 90 degrees is the right answer.
c) does not become refracted is the right answer.
It is refracted away from the normal, which is the right answer.
cm/smm/skm/sm/sd) \(3\times {{10}^{8}}\) m/s is the right answer. The universal physical constant c, or the speed of light in vacuum, is essential in many fields of physics. 299792458 m/s is the exact figure,...
The correct response is b) higher than the incidence angle.
The correct response is b) higher than the incidence angle.
d) is not refracted is the right answer.
When a pencil is submerged in water, the refraction of light causes it to bend. This is due to refraction, which produces a visible change in the location of the pencil's portion within the water....
b) The lateral displacement is seen in the ray diagram above. c) The lateral displacement is influenced by the following factors: I Incidence angle ii) The glass slab's thickness iii) Glass slab...
a) Light refraction causes the stick to look bent at the surface. Let OC be the ray that originates from O and travels through water to air before being refracted away from the normal. Along with...
When a light beam travels from air to glass, it bends in the direction of the normal.
a) When a light beam strikes a glass block at a 90-degree angle: b) When a light beam does not strike the glass block at a 90-degree angle:
a) Glass has a higher optical density than water. b) When a beam of light passes through glass and enters water, it bends away from the typical path.
The angle of incidence is the angle formed at the point of incidence between the incident ray and the normal. At the point of refraction, the angle of refraction is defined as the angle between the...
a) The ray diagram for a beam of light travelling from air to an optically denser material is as follows: b) The ray diagram of light travelling from an optically denser material into air is as...
The incidence and ultimate directions of the beam of light will be the same.
Refraction of light is the change in direction of light as it passes from one medium to another.
(a) No b) The light is refracted
A beam of light bends when it passes from one medium to another due to a change in the speed of the light.
The provided assertion is correct.
The effect of refraction of light causes the water to look shallower than it actually is.
When opposed to glass, light rays move quicker in air.
When light rays flow through water and into glass, they bend back to their original shape.
When a beam of light passes through air and into a block of glass, it bends back to its regular path.
The angle of refraction is smaller than the angle of incidence when a beam of light travels through air and into glass.
Refraction of light is the term for this phenomena.
The two effects induced by light refraction are as follows: a) An item submerged in water appears to rise. b) The water in a pool looks to be shallower than it actually is.
When a light beam travels from water to air, it bends away from the typical path.
Because water is an optically denser material than air, when a light ray travels through air and enters water obliquely, the light beam bends towards the normal.
When a light beam travels through a glass and emerges into air, it bends away from the typical path.
The beam of light that travels through the air and strikes a parallel-sided glass slab looks like this:
The ray of light that travels through water and emerges into air is as follows:
The ray diagram of a light beam travelling through air and striking water is as follows:
The ray diagram of a beam of light travelling through a rectangular glass slab and exiting into air is shown below.
When a ray of light travels from a denser medium to a rarer medium, it appears to move away from the normal because its speed rises as it travels from denser to rarer.
The light beam will bend in the direction of normal.
b) 1.5cm is the right answer. The object must be placed between the pole and focus, so the correct anser is c.
The correct answer is b) at the reflector's focus
c) 0 degree is the right answer. A ray of light travelling through the concave mirror's centre of curvature lands properly on the mirror, retracing its course.So, for a ray of light travelling...
d) at infinity is the right answer.
The correct answer is c) at the centre of the curve.
d) between pole and focus is the correct answer.
The correct option is b) at a distance larger than the radius of curvature is the right answer The image created by a concave mirror for an object positioned beyond the centre of curvature or at a...
The correct answer is c) between focus and curvature centre.
a) I A enlarged image is created when an object is put between the pole and the focus of a concave mirror. ii) A enlarged image is created when an item is placed between the focus and the centre of...
a) I When an object is put between the pole and the focus of a concave mirror, the image created is virtual, erect, and bigger than the object, and it is formed behind the mirror. ii) When an item...
The following are some of the applications for concave mirrors: a) Concave mirrors are utilised as shaving mirrors because they provide an enlarged and erect image, which aids in a smooth shave. b)...
Concave mirrors are utilised as shaving mirrors because they provide a magnified picture that is upright in nature when the face is put close to the mirror. As a result, a smoother shave is possible.
A concave mirror is used by dentists. The dentist positions the concave mirror so that the tooth is in focus. The dentist sees an enlarged picture of the tooth, which aids them in inspecting the...
In a solar furnace, a concave mirror is employed. A huge concave reflector is used to focus the sun on the solar furnace. When light rays strike the concave mirror's surface, they are reflected and...
The item should be placed far enough away from the concave mirror for the image to develop at the focus when calculating the focal length of a concave mirror. This is accomplished by utilising a...
a) A converging mirror reflects a genuine image b) A converging mirror creates a virtual image
The object must be placed between the focus and the pole of the concave mirror to create an upright enlarged picture. AD is drawn parallel to the primary axis in the image below, thus D is reflected...
a) Between the pole and the mirror's focus for erect and virtual b) Infinity, at the mirror's focal point c) At the mirror's centre of curvature, for the same size as the object
A torch reflector is made of a concave mirror.
The mirror's focal length, f = 10cm The item is positioned at a distance of = 8cm. As a result, the item can be considered to be between the pole and the concave mirror's focus. As a result, the...
The picture generated when an item is positioned at the centre of curvature, C, of a concave mirror is as follows: a) at the centre of the curve b) inverted and actual c) the image's size is the...
The picture generated when an item is positioned at the centre of curvature, C, of a concave mirror is as follows: a) at the centre of the curve b) inverted and actual c) the image's size is the...
A minimum of two rays are required to locate the image generated by a concave mirror. The ray diagram for the creation of a virtual image by a concave mirror is as follows:
Because the angle between the angle of incidence and the angle of reflection is 0 degrees and the light rays strike the surface at right angles, a beam of light travelling through the centre of...
The headlights of an automobile have a concave mirror. The light rays diverge and are gathered by the concave reflector, which is then reflected back as a powerful and parallel-sided beam of light...
A dental mirror can be made out of a concave mirror.
The light ray's direction after reflection is as follows. The light ray's direction after reflection is as follows.
When an object is outside of the curvature's centre of curvature.
At the focus, the picture is produced.
At infinity, the picture is obtained.
When an object is positioned between the focal point and the curvature's centre of curvature.
Between the pole and the focus, the item should be positioned.
When an object is placed in the concave mirror's centre of curvature, the image generated is real, inverted, and equal in size to the thing.The ray diagram is shown below:
a) 25cm is the right answer.
b) 15cm is the right answer.
b) R = 2f is the right answer.
A convex mirror is the best solution.
The right answer is c) a protruding surface.
a) I Principal focus of a convex mirror: The principal focus of a convex mirror occurs when all of the reflected light rays meet at a location after diverging in the mirror. ii) Focal length of a...
a) I A concave mirror's primary focus is the place on the principal axis where all of the light rays converge after reflection. ii) Focal length of a concave mirror: The focal length of a concave...
a) Curvature centre: This is the centre of a hollow glass sphere, of which a mirror is a component. b) Curvature radius: This is the radius of the hollow glass sphere in which a mirror is contained....
The light beams deviate from the primary focus after reflection, which is why a convex mirror is also known as a diverging mirror
As the parallel beam of light rays is converged by the concave mirror after reflection, all of the parallel light rays converge at the primary focus. This is why it is referred to as a converging...
A spherical mirror's focal length and radius of curvature are related as follows: R/2 = f Given, R is equal to 25 cm We already know that f = R/2. As a result, f = 12.5cm
Concave and convex mirrors are two forms of spherical mirrors. a) Mirror with a convex surface b) Mirror with a concave surface
A spherical mirror is a hollow sphere of glass that serves as a reflecting surface. Concave and convex mirrors are the two kinds of spherical mirrors. The following are the differences between a...
a) The main emphasis b) The main emphasis b) The convergence and divergence of data d) The main emphasis
f = 25cm focal length Calculate R We are aware of this. R/2 = f 2f = R R equals 50cm
R = 32cm radius of curvature f = focal length f = focal length f = focal length f = focal length f = focal length We are aware of this. R/2 = f 16cm f = 32/2
The focus of a convex mirror is behind it.
a) Mirror with a convex surface b) Mirror with a concave surface
d) 9.25 is the correct answer.
B) virtual, behind the mirror, and the same size as the item is the right option.
The best choice is a) virtual.
c) 0 degree is the right answer.
b) 60 degrees is the right answer. Explanation: Since the angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection and it is given that the angle of incidence is 30 degrees. The incident beam will be...
a) Always is the proper option.
a) We can see the picture of our face in a plane mirror but not on a sheet of paper because the image created on a plane mirror is known as regular reflection, but the image formed on a sheet of...
The ray diagram of an image formed on a plane mirror when a light source is placed in front of it is shown below. Consider a point source of light O which is placed in front of a mirror MM’. The...
The phenomenon of light reflection occurs when a light beam bounces back from a surface. a) Incident ray: The beam of light that strikes the mirror. b) Angle of incidence: The angle at which the...
The phenomenon of light reflection occurs when a light beam bounces back from a surface. a) Incident ray: The beam of light that strikes the mirror. b) Angle of incidence: The angle at which the...
b) Plane mirror applications: It's used to make periscopes, for example. ii) Used to see ourselves in our houses. iii) It may also be utilised as a decorative item.
a) The width of the boy's mouth picture is 5cm, and the image is created at a distance of 2m behind the mirror. b) The speed with which the kid approaches the mirror will be the same as the speed...
We cannot see anything in a fully black room because there is no light. a) We can see the light from the electric bulb. b) Because white paper is visible, it reflects light back from the electric...
The light beams move parallel to each other and are reflected in a similar manner in regular reflection, but in diffused reflection, the parallel beam of light is reflected in all directions. a)...
a) Because a wall has a rough surface, when a parallel beam of light strikes it, the reflection is dispersed, whereas the surface of the mirror is smooth, and the reflection is regular. a)...
The lateral inversion difference exists between looking at an image and looking at oneself. However, this does not occur in photographs.
Ambulance is written this way so that when it shows in the rear-view mirror of the car in front of it, the driver can see it correctly due to lateral inversion and make room for it.
When an object is put in front of a plane mirror, the image received on the other side seems to be on the left side. The term "lateral inversion" refers to a shift in the sides of an item and its...
b) The name of the phenomenon involved is lateral inversion
The difference between a real picture and a virtual image is that a real image can be obtained on a computer screen, but a virtual image cannot. The image created on the screen in a movie theatre is...
Given, The incidence angle is 30 degrees. The rules of reflection tell us that angle of incidence equals angle of reflection. As a result, the angle of reflection is 30 degrees.
On the opposite side of the mirror.
A student says that we can see an object because light from our eyes is reflected back by the object is false
When light is reflected, the angles of incidence and reflection are equal
Virtual pictures are the term for such visuals.
Light follows a straight path.
At a distance equal to the distance at which the object is positioned, the image is produced behind the mirror.Given, 10cm between the item and the mirror 10cm between the mirror and the picture As...
The term "lateral inversion" refers to this occurrence.
Lateral inversion is the term for this occurrence.
It is necessary to use a plane mirror.
a) A virtual representation b) Photographic image
a)Angle of incidence is 0 degrees b)Angle of reflection is 0 degree
The mirror surface is at a 40-degree angle. The incidence angle is 90-40 = 50 degrees. As a result of the rules of reflection, the angle of reflection is 50 degrees.
The angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection, according to the principles of reflection. As a result, the angle of reflection will be 30 degrees.
The angle of incidence is 0 degrees when a beam of light falls properly on the surface of a flat mirror. We know that the angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection because of reflection...
Figure (a) shows A as the NOR gate's two inputs and $Y$ as the output. As a result, the circuit's output is $\overline{\mathrm{A}+\mathrm{A}}$ So, the output will be $Y=\overline{\mathrm{A}}$...
(Hint: $A=0, B=1$ then $A$ and $B$ inputs of second NOR gate will be 0 and hence $Y=1 .$ Similarly, work out the values of $Y$ for other combinations of $A$ and $B .$ Compare with the truth table of...
Solution: (a) The Boolean expression for NAND gate is given as $Y=\overline{A B}$ Let the output of the NAND gate be $Y^{\prime}$. Therefore, Final output of the combination will be...
Hence identify the exact logic operation carried out by this circuit. Solution: From the figure, we know $B$ is the output, $A$ being the input. Hence, the output can be written as: $Y=\overline{A...
(a) (b) Solution: (a) Input for the circuit: $A$ and $B$ Output for the circuit: $Y$ The left part of the circuit functions as a NOR gate, while the right half of the circuit functions as a NOT...
is called the reverse saturation current, 
is the voltage across the diode and is positive for forward bias and negative for reverse bias, and I is the current through the diode, 
is the Boltzmann constant 
and 
is the absolute temperature. If for a given diode 
and 
, then
to 
?The expression for current in a p-n junction diode, is given as $I=I_{0} \exp \left(\frac{e V}{2 k_{B} T}-1\right)$ Here, $l_{0}=5 \times 10^{-12} \mathrm{~A}$ $\mathrm{T}=300 \mathrm{~K}$...
is called the reverse saturation current, is the voltage across the diode and is positive for forward bias and negative for reverse bias, and I is the current through the diode, is the Boltzmann constant and is the absolute temperature. If for a given diode and , then
V?
?The expression for current in a p-n junction diode, is given as $I=I_{0} \exp \left(\frac{e V}{2 k_{B} T}-1\right)$ Here, $l_{0}=5 \times 10^{-12} \mathrm{~A}$ $\mathrm{T}=300 \mathrm{~K}$...
is 
. Its hole mobility is much smaller than electron mobility and independent of temperature. What is the ratio between conductivity at 
and that at 
? Assume that the temperature dependence of intrinsic carrier concentration 
is given by ![n_{i}=n_{0} \exp \left[-\frac{E_{g}}{2 k_{B} T}\right]](https://www.learnatnoon.com/s/wp-content/ql-cache/quicklatex.com-c58649b4ebd24ebac282a3ea358c77dd_l3.png "Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com")
is constant.Energy gap in an intrinsic semiconductor is given as $E_{g}=1.2 \mathrm{eV}$ The temperature dependence of the intrinsic carrier-concentration is given by the relation, $n_{i}=n_{0} \exp...
is 
This is doped simultaneously with 
atoms per of Arsenic and 
per atoms of Indium. Calculate the number of electrons and holes.Number of silicon atoms is given as $N=5 \times 10^{28}$ atoms $/ \mathrm{m}^{3}$ Number of arsenic atoms is given as $\mathrm{n}_{\mathrm{AS}}=5 \times 10^{22}$ atoms $/ \mathrm{m}^{3}$ Number of...
Can it detect a wavelength of 6000 nm?No, the photodiode is unable to detect wavelengths of 6000 nm due to the following: The energy bandgap of the given photodiode is given as $E_{g}=2.8 \mathrm{eV}$ The wavelength has the value...
The output frequency of a half-wave rectifier is the same as the input frequency; in this case, the input frequency of the half-wave rectifier is 50 Hz. The output frequency of a full-wave...
(c) is the correct option When a forward bias is applied to a p-n junction, the potential barrier is reduced. As the applied voltage is opposed by the potential barrier, so the potential barrier...
region from 
– region because
-region attract them.(c) is the correct option. The charge carriers' natural tendency is to disperse from the greater concentration zone to the lower concentration region. As a result, holes disperse from the p-region...
and 
Which of the following statements is true?
(c) is the correct option. Carbon has the largest energy bandgap among carbon, germanium, and silicon, while germanium has the smallest. The energy band gap can be related as:...
-type semiconductors?Here, (d) is the correct explanation. The majority carriers in a p-type semiconductor are holes, while the minority carriers are electrons. Trivalent atoms such as aluminium in silicon atoms are...
-type silicon, which of the following statement is true:Here, (c) is the correct option. The majority carriers in n-type silicon are electrons, while the minority carriers are holes. Dropping pentavalent elements like phosphorus into silicon atoms...
.
is physically significant, the value of 
(and therefore, the value of the phase speed 
) has no physical significance. Why?Within the addictive constant, the absolute value of a particle's energy is arbitrary. As a result, the wavelength $\lambda$ is relevant, but the electron's frequency (v) has no direct physical...
(a) Because of collisions and recombination with other molecules in the gas, the ions in the gas have no chance of reaching their corresponding electrons at atmospheric pressure. Ions have a chance...
![[(+2 / 3) e ;(-1 / 3) e] .](https://www.learnatnoon.com/s/wp-content/ql-cache/quicklatex.com-d24075be825f68631246908119b236ab_l3.png "Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com")
Why do they not show up in Millikan’s oil-drop experiment?
separately?(a) Inside protons and neutrons, quarks are considered to have fractional charges $[(+2 / 3) \mathrm{e} ;(-1 / 3) \mathrm{e}] .$ This is due to the fact that when nuclear forces are separated, they...
and compare it with the mean separation between two electrons in a metal which is given to be about 
.Temperature is given as $\mathrm{T}=27^{\circ} \mathrm{C}=27+273=300 \mathrm{~K}$ Mean separation between two electrons is also given as $r=2 \times 10^{-10} \mathrm{~m}$ As we know, De Broglie...
and 1 atm pressure, and compare it with the mean separation between two atoms under these conditions.Room temperature is given as $T=27^{\circ} \mathrm{C}=27+273=300 \mathrm{~K}$ Atmospheric pressure is given as $P=1 \mathrm{~atm}=1.01 \times 10^{5} \mathrm{~Pa}$ Atomic weight of He atom as we know...
or less. This structure was first probed in the early 1970 s using high energy electron beams produced by a linear accelerator at Stanford, USA. Guess what might have been the order of energy of these electron beams. (Rest mass energy of electron = 
).Wavelength of the proton or neutron is given as $\lambda \approx 10^{-15} \mathrm{~m}$ Rest mass-energy of an electron will be calculated as: ${{m}_{o}}{{c}^{2}}=0.511MeV$ $=0.511\times...