Answer: Bougainvillea thorns and Cucurbita tendrils are homologous organs. They have a lot in common thanks to divergent evolution. The term homologous refers to structures that have the same basic...
Give an example of copper releasing IUD. How does it help in preventing pregnancy ?
Answer: Pregnancy is avoided by one of the following methods, depending on the type of IUD: thickening of the cervical mucus, stopping sperm from going into the uterus, decreasing sperm survival...
What is stratification in an ecosystem ?
The vertical layering of a habitat; the arrangement of vegetation in layers is referred to as stratification in ecology. It divides vegetation into layers (sing. stratum, pl. strata) based on the...
What is polyploidy ?
Polyploidy occurs when an organism's cells contain more than two paired pairs of chromosomes. The majority of animals with nuclei are diploid, which means they have two sets of chromosomes, one...
What is vasectomy ?
Vasectomy is a surgical contraceptive procedure performed on men. To prevent sperm from reaching the penis and consequently fertilisation, the vasa deferentia is cut and ligated.
What is parthenogenesis ?
Answer: The creation of an embryo from a feminine germ cell without any genetic contribution from a male germ cell, with or without the eventual development into an associate adult, is known as...
How much is the relative contribution of methane to total global warming ? (A) 14% (B) 20% (C) 6% (D) 60%
(B) 20% Explanation: It compares the amount of heat trapped by a given mass of gas to the amount of heat trapped by a similar mass of carbon dioxide and is stated as a factor of carbon dioxide, a...
Bacterium Propionibacterium Sharmanii is used in the preparation of edible product : (A) Curd (B) Swiss cheese (C) Idli (D) Roquefort cheese
(B) Swiss cheese Explanation: The bacterium Propionibacterium Sharmanii is utilised to produce a huge amount of CO2 for the manufacturing of large-holed Swiss cheese.
Which high yielding semi dwarf variety of rice was developed at International Rice Research Institute Philippines ? (A) I R – 8 (B) Taichung Native – 1 (C) Ratna (D) Jaya
(A) I R – 8 Explanation: The International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) created IR8 in the early 1960s as a high-yielding semi-dwarf rice variety. It was the product of Henry Beachell and Peter...
Which one of the following is the vector of Chikungunya disease ? ( A) Anopheles mosquito (B) House fly (C) Culex mosquito (D) Aedes mosquito
(D) Aedes mosquito Explanation: Tick-borne encephalitis, chikungunya fever, Zika virus fever, yellow fever, West Nile fever, Japanese encephalitis (all spread by mosquitoes) (transmitted by ticks)....
Which naturalist had said that evolution of life form occurred by use and discuss of organs ? (A) Louis Pasture (B) de Vries (C) Lamarck (D) Darwin
(C) Lamarck Explanation: Lamarck proposed the use and disuse of organs idea in biological evolution. He is a French naturalist who is credited with developing the theory of evolution. Lamarckism is...
In which phase of cell cycle DNA replication take place ? (A) S-phase (B) G1-phase (C) G2-phase (D) M-phase
(A) S-phase Explanation: The division of the cytoplasm results in the formation of independent daughter cells, which is known as cytokinesis. Note that while the G1 phase gathers machinery for DNA...
Which one of the following trait of pea plant studied by Mendel is dominant ? (A) Axial flower position (B) Green seed colour (C) Wrinkled seed shape (D) Yellow pod colour
(A) Axial flower position Explanation: Mendel worked on the garden pea and came up with a cast of seven characters. In his experiment, green seed colour is the recessive feature, while yellow seed...
In which of the following organism, asexual reproduction occurs by zoospores ? (A) Yeast (B) Chlamydomonas (C) Penicillium (D) Hydra
(B) Chlamydomonas Explanation: In Chlamydomonas asexual reproduction occurs by zoospores.
If the equation of an electric current is I = 0.6sin100t , the frequency of electric current is-
(A) 50pie
(B) 50
(D) Ampere
(D) Mho
the correct option is (b) 50 the frequency of electric current is 50 Hz standard equation of electric current is given by, i = i0 sin(2πf t) , where i0 is peak value of current and f is the...
Wheat stone’s bridge is used in measuring –
(A)High resistance
(B) Low resistance
(C) Both high and low resistance
(D) Potential difference
correct option is (C) Both high and low resistance Wheatstone's bridge is an instrument which is used to determine the unknown resistance R other given resistances
Absorbed electrical energy is-
(A)Proportional to the potential difference
(B) Inversely proportional to the potential difference
(C)Proportional to the square of the potential difference
(D)None of these
correct option is (c) proportional to square of potential difference Total electric energy absorbed is given by work done. - W = Q.V W = It.V W = (V/R)Vt W = V^2 t/R As R remains constant, W ∝ V^2...
Which element is used in electric heater?
(A)C
(B) Platinum
(C) Tungsten
(D) Nichrome
Correct Answer is: D) Nichrome Heating coils are commonly made up of metal alloys which are a combination of two or more elements. The most commonly used metal alloy is “Nichrome”. Nichrome is an...
S.I unit of pole strength is-
(A)N
(B) N/A-m
(C) A-m
(D) T
Correct option is (c) = Am Pole strength, m=Magnetic moment / 2l =Am2 / m =Am
Permeability of a ferromagnetic substance-
correct option is Permeability is the measure of the ability of a material to support the formation of a magnetic field within itself. ... A ferromagnetic material, such as iron, does not have a...
What are sex hormones? Describe any one male and one female sex hormones.
Solution: The hormones that are responsible for maintenance of sex cells and secondary sexual organs are termed as sex hormones. They have profound effect upon testis in male and ovaries in female....
How does the transportation of oxygen occur through blood? Solution:
Solution: The transportation of oxygen occurs through blood. Oxygen is carried by a pigment found in the blood named haemoglobin, that has a potential capacity to carry four oxygen. The oxygen is...
Explain any five movable joints with example.
Solution: Ball-and-socket joints. The shoulder and hip joints is one of the example of ball and socket joint, that allow backward, forward, sideways, and rotating movements. Hinge joints. Hinge...
Write the name and function of any five cranial nerves.
Solution: Five cranial nerves and their functions are as follows- First cranial nerve : olfactory nerve Function: It functions to transmit smells and more advanced aspects of taste. Second...
Explain the nutrition in pitcher plant with diagram.
Solution:
Explain the process of guttation with diagram.
Solution: Guttation is process in which the leaf margin oozes water. The process of guttation takes place through the help of hydathodes. A hydathodes are the pores present in the marginal epidermis...
Which node of heart does the work of pacemaker? Explain why it is called as lifesaving apparatus?
Solution: Sino-atrial node of the heart works as a pacemaker. It is located in the right atrium (upper rightmost corner). SA node generates impulses that facilitate the heart to pump the blood...
Write the functions of decomposer.
Solution: Function of decomposer: - It breaks apart the complex dead organism into simpler inorganic compounds. They are vital parts of the food chain that plays a crucial role in the recycling the...
Write the name of four types of species.
Solution: The four types of species are as follows- Allopatric species Parapatric species Peripatric species Sympatric species Allopatric species- The species that develop different character when...
Write the difference between clinical death and biological death.
Solution: Clinical death Biological death 1. Organs are still alive even after the death. All organs die right after death. 2. Organs can be transplanted after death. Organs...
Why testis is found outside the abdominal cavity in males.
Solution: The testis is found outside the abdominal cavity in males because the formation of sperm takes place below body temperature. The sac like structure, scrotum has the temperature 1-3 degree...
Write the any two causes of Dormancy in seed.
Solution: Two causes of seed dormancy are- Increase in level of abscisic acid that promote seed dormancy. Drought, hard seed coat, impermeability of seed coat or any stress condition induces...
Write the definition and any one significance of Parthenogenesis.
Solution: Parthenogenesis is an asexual means of reproduction in which the embryo develops without the fertilisation of female gamete. For example-Ants and bee wasps. Significance of...
Define ureotelic organism with example.
Solution: The organisms that excrete nitrogenous waste in the form of urea, they are termed as ureotelic. Ureotelic organisms include cartilaginous fish, few bony fishes, adult amphibians and...
Why does muscle fatigue occur?
Solution: Muscle fatigue is a symptom that decreases your muscles’ ability to perform over time. It can be associated with a state of exhaustion, often following strenuous activity or exercise. When...
Match the Column: 1 Rhodopsin Amphibious 2 Lead Steward 3 Ranunculus Biodegradable pollutant 4 Totipotency Ratanjot 5 Biodiesel Rod cells Cone cells Mangrove plant
1 Rhodopsin Amphibious 2 Lead Steward 3 Ranunculus Biodegradable pollutant 4 Totipotency Ratanjot 5 Biodiesel Rod cells Cone cells Mangrove plant Solution: Rhodopsin is the pigment...
Which hormone used for lactation in sterile cow?
Solution: The hormone used for lactation in sterile cow is stilbestrol.
Name the protein which play an important role in ageing.
Solution: The protein that plays an important role in ageing is ( COL17A1) Collagen is the tissue responsible for healthy body tissues and joint tissues. Collagen is a triple helix, structural...
Name the fluid present in the cavities of brain and spinal cord.
Solution: Cerebrospinal fluid is the fluid present in the cavities of brain and spinal cord. This fluid prevents our delicate parts and nerves from any type of mechanical shock and act like a...
Name the eye disease related with deficiency of vitamin-A.
Xeropthalmia/ night blindness It is a disease that causes damage to the cornea and retina of our eyes.
What is the process of conversion of free nitrogen to nitrogenous compound called?
Solution: Nitrogen fixation is the process of conversion of free nitrogen to nitrogenous compound such as nitrate, nitrite or ammonia.
Percentage ratio of natality over mortality is: (a) Vital Index (b) Population dynamics (c) Population density (d) Total count.
Solution: Percentage ratio of natality over mortality is vital index. Explanation: Mortality is the rate at which the number of persons dies with respect to every 1000 persons per year. Natality is...
Which one is the most suitable soil for the growth of plants: (a) Sandy soil (b) Loamy Soil (c) Silty soil (d) Clayey soil.
Solution: The most suitable soil for the growth of plants is loamy soil. Explanation: Loam soil is a mixture of sand, silt and clay. They have average size of gas pores that enables it to be chosen...
The maturation of T-Lymphocytes occurs in: (a) bone marrow (b) spleen (c) kidney (d) Thymus
Solution: The maturation of T-Lymphocytes occurs in thymus. Explanation: The production of T lymphocytes takes place in the bone marrow. T-lymphocytes helps in cell-mediated responses....
Hormone which helps in the closing of stomata is: (a) Auxin (b) Ethylene (c) Cytokinin (d) Abscisic acid.
Solution: Hormone which helps in the closing of stomata is abscisic acid. Explanation: Efflux of water and potassium ion and halt in efflux of hydrogen ion result into closing of stomata. The influx...
The rate of photosynthesis is maximum in which colour of light: (a) In green light (b) In red light (c) In yellow light (d) In purple light
Solution: The rate of photosynthesis is maximum in which colour of light red light. Explanation: The red light is maximum absorbed at 620nm, in which the highest rate of photosynthesis is seen. Red...
The study of physical abnormalities of embryo is called____.
Solution: The study of physical abnormalities of embryo is called teratology. Explanation: It is study of physiological abnormalities in all organism including plants that effects the child’s mental...
The population ________ as a result of immigration.
Solution: The population increase as a result of immigration. Explanation: Whenever the population moves towards a particular space/location at a single time it is called as immigration. Immigration...
The main source of energy in ecosystem is_________.
Solution: The main source of energy in ecosystem is sun. Explanation: Plants and microorganism use sunlight of specific wavelength to prepare their food. The organism consists of pigments such as...
The name of largest endocrine gland of our body is_________.
Solution: The name of largest endocrine gland of our body is thyroid gland . Explanation: It is located on either side of the trachea. Thyroid gland consists of spherical hollow sacs called thyroid...
Ethyl alcohol is the end product of……………Respiration.
Solution: Ethyl alcohol is the end product of anaerobic respiration. Explanation: In the absence of oxygen, the end product of glycolysis gets converted into lactic acid or ethanol along which 2...
Two cells of emf e1 and e2, internal resistance r1 and r2 , connected in parallel. The equivalent emf of the combination
correct answer is option
Three capacitors each of capacitors each of capacity C are connected in series. The resultant capacity will be-
(A)3C
(B) 3/C
(C) C /3
(D) 1/ 3C
Option (C) C/3 Capacity of each condenser = C All three condensers are connected in series Resultant Capacity CR 1/CR = 1/C + 1/C + 1/C = 3/C CR = C/3
what is the electrical intensity inside a charged hollow sphere
the electrical intensity inside a charged hollow sphere is zero. so the correct option is (c) zero
With the help of a labelled diagram, describe the structure of a typical anatropous ovule.
Answer: The ovule's structure is as follows: The ovule and the placenta are connected by a tiny structure called a funicle. The point at which the ovule's body unites with the funicle is known as...
Describe any three techniques where the principle of ex-situ conservation of biodiversity has been employed.
Answer: Three techniques where the principle of ex-situ conservation of biodiversity has been employed are as follows: Zoological parks – are places where animals are maintained and reared in...
How does RNA interference helps in developing resistance in tobacco plant against nematode infection ?
Answer: Meloidegyne incognitia, a nematode that infects the roots of tobacco plants, reduces tobacco yield. The infection can be avoided by adopting the RNA interference (RNAi) technique, which...
What is EcoRI ? Write the palindromic nucleotide sequence recognized by it. State the role of EcoRI in biotechnology.
Answer: It is employed as a restriction enzyme in molecular biology. With the 5' end overhangs of AATT, EcoRI generates four nucleotide sticky ends. The enzyme cuts the nucleic acid recognition...
State the medicinal value and the bioactive molecules produced by Streptococcus, Monascus and Trichoderma.
Answer: Streptococcus - Medicinal value -Clot buster for eliminating clots from the blood arteries of heart attack sufferers. Streptokinase Enzyme is a bioactive chemical. Monascus - Medicinal value...
What is test cross ? How can it decipher the heterozygosity of a plant ?
Answer: A test cross is a straightforward way for determining if the dominant individual's genotype is homozygous or heterozygous in the F1 generation. If 50 percent of progeny have a dominant...
How is the local bird population affected by the use of DDT in crops by the farmers ?
Answer: High concentrations of DDT disrupt calcium metabolism in birds as a result of biomagnification through an aquatic food chain, causing egg shell thinning and early breaking, eventually...
Name the socio-biologist who popularized the term biodiversity. Identify the level of biodiversity represented by 50,000 strains of rice in India.
Answer: Edward Wilson, a sociobiologist, is credited with popularising the term "biodiversity." He also went into detail on the various levels of Biodiversity. In India, there are more than 50,000...
State the main difference between primary and secondary succession. Provide one example of each.
Answer: The main difference between primary and secondary succession is, it takes longer to complete primary succession, whereas It takes less time to complete secondary succession. The examples of...
Explain GEAC and mention the responsibilities of this organization set- up by the Indian Government.
Answer: The Ministry of Environment and Forests established the GEAC (Genetic Engineering Approval Committee) to oversee the development, testing, and commercial release of genetically modified...
Why are the plants raised through micro- propagation termed as somaclones ? Mention two advantages of this technique.
Answer: Somaclones are plants generated from tissue culture that are genetically identical to the parent plant from which they were formed. Tissue culture has the following advantages: i) a large...
Name the type of cells that AIDS virus first enters into after getting inside the human body. Explain the sequence of events that virus undergoes within these cells to increase their Progeny.
Answer: HIV begins its attack on the immune system's Helper T-cells inside the human body. Inside the Helper T-cells, RNA and reverse transcriptase are introduced. By reverse transcription, RNA...
What are homologous structures in organisms ? State the kind of evolution they represent.
Answer Homologies or analogies are body parts that are similar. Both show that evolution is true. Homologous structures are structures found in related organisms that were passed down from a common...
Mention two main causes of population explosion in India.
Answer: High birth rates and low death rates are the two main factors of India's rapid population growth. The number of children born per thousand people in a year is referred to as the birth rate....
What is standing crop in an ecosystem ?
Answer: The entire biomass of the living organisms present in a given environment is referred to as a standing crop. This encompasses both natural and agricultural environments.
What is point mutation ?
Answer: A single nucleotide or nucleic acid can be affected by a point mutation. When one base is replaced for the other, this happens frequently. It can also happen when a single base pair is...
What was the human population growth rate in India, according to 2001 census report ?
Answer: During the years 1991-2001, India's population grew at a pace of 1.95 percent per year, reaching 1,027 million people, or 16.7% of the world's total population. In absolute terms, the...
What is clone ?
Answer: Clones are organisms that are genetically identical to one another. Every single nucleotide in their DNA is the same. Identical twins are just one of many examples of natural clones. They...
Which one of the following is not a green house gas ? (A) Carbon dioxide (B) Methane (C) Sulphur dioxide (D) Nitrous oxide
Answer: (C) More than 448 Explanation: Carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, ozone, and water vapours are the most common greenhouse gases found in our environment. Thus, from the possibilities...
Baker’s Yeast is used in the preparation of edible product ? (A) Curd (B) Bread (C) Idli (D) Fermented fish
Answer: (B) Bread Explanation: Baker's yeast is the common name for yeast strains that are commonly used in baking bread and other bakery products. Baker's yeast acts as a leavening agent, causing...
Who developed the semi-dwarf variety of wheat ? (A) Norman E. Borlaug (B) M. S. Swaminathan (C) Gregor Mendel (D) Herbert Boyer
Answer: (A) Norman E. Borlaug Explanation: Dr. Norman Borlaug, a geneticist, plant pathologist, and Nobel Peace Prize laureate, developed it in Mexico in the mid-1940s and 1950s as a strategy to...
Which one is the pathogen of amoebic dysentery ? (A) Wuchereria (B) Plasmodium (C) Ascaris (D) Entamoeba histolytica
Answer: (D) Entamoeba histolytica Explanation: Entamoeba histolytica. * Distinctive feature of the pathogen..
In the solar system, earth was supposed to have been formed about : (A) 200 Billion years back (B) 4.5 Million years back (C) 4.5 Billion years back (D) 400 Million years back
Answer: (C) 4.5 Billion years back Explanation: Around 4.5 billion years ago, as the solar system was settling into its current configuration, gravity drew spinning gas and dust in to form Earth,...
To prove semi-conservative replication of DNA in chromosomes, Taylor and his colleagues conducted experiments on : (A) Vinca rosea (B) Vicia fava (C) Drosophila melanogaster (D) E.coli
Answer: (B) Vicia fava Explanation: Taylor conducted treated root tip cells of Vicia faba with radioactive thymidine to label the DNA and then grew them in the normal medium to demonstrate semi-...
Which one of the following trait of pea plant studied by Mendel is dominant ? (A) Green pod colour (B) Yellow pod colour (C) White flower colour (D) Terminal flower position
Answer: (A) Green pod colour Explanation: Mendel worked on the garden pea and came up with a cast of seven characters. In his experiment, green seed colour is the recessive feature, while yellow...
In which of the following organism, asexual reproduction occurs by buds ? (A) Chlamydomonas (B) Hydra (C) Penicillium (D) Sponge
Answer: (B) Hydra Explanation: Hydra reproduces by generating little external buds that stay attached to the parent for a while before splitting off to make new individuals.
Draw a simplified model of the Phosphorus Cycle in a terrestrial ecosystem.
The biological membrane, nucleic acids, and cellular energy transmission system all contain phosphorus. Detritus is leaf litter and other organic debris that has been mixed with soil to form humus....
Describe the process of Oogenesis in the human female.
Answer: Oogenesis is the process through which a primordial egg cell (or ovum) develops into a mature ovum in the female reproductive system. The egg's development begins before the female who...
Write about Air pollution and methods of its control.
Answer: Air Pollution- The presence of certain compounds in the form of particles or gases in concentrations high enough and for long enough to cause injury or unwanted effects is characterized as...
Describe about Ozone Depletion in the stratosphere.
Answer: Ozone molecules are destroyed when chlorine and bromine atoms come into touch with them in the stratosphere. Before being evacuated from the stratosphere, a single chlorine atom can damage...
State the aim and describe Meselson and Stahl’s experiment.
Answer: Meselson and Stahl's experiment was designed to demonstrate that DNA replication is semi-conservative. In 1958, Matthew Meselson and Franklin Stahl used E. coli to prove that DNA...
Who gave unequivocal experimental proof that DNA is the genetic material ? Describe their experiment.
Answer: Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase are two characters from the movie Alfred Hershey and the Chocolate Factory Radioactive phosphorus (32Cr) was used in the Hershey and Chase...
Describe the various events in human embryonic development at various months of pregnancy.
Answer: The many stages of embryo development are referred to as embryo development. Plants and mammals have different embryonic development. Even in mammals, various stages of embryonic...
Describe the process of development of an ovum from an oogonium in human female.
Describe the process of development of an ovum from an oogonium in human female. Answer: The formation of an ovum from oogonium is known as oogenesis. Multiplication, growth, and maturation are the...
Name the organic material exine of the pollengrain is made up of. How is this material advantageous to the pollen grain ?
Answer: The pollen grain's exine is made up of sporopollenin, a resistant protein. It helps pollen grains withstand high temperatures as well as the effects of strong acids and alkalis. It...
. Draw a diagram of a section of a mega- sporangium of a flowering plant and label funiculus, micropyle, nucellus and embryo sac in it.
Answer: The following are the main components of an anatropous (ovule): (I) The hilum is the point where the ovule and funicle meet. (ii) Integuments are protective envelopes that surround...
With the help of diagram, describe the formation of embryo sac from megaspore mother cell in a flowering plants
Answer: The ovule is a tiny portion of the placental tissue that grows into the megasporangium. A single hypodermal cell differentiates into an archesporial cell in the very early Ovule. The...
There and many animals that have become extinct in the wild, but continue to be maintained in zoological parks. What type of biodiversity conservation is observed in this case ? Explain any two other ways which help in this type of conservation.
Answer: i) It exemplifies ex-situ preservation (off-site conservation). Threatened plants and animals are removed from their original habitats and relocated in suitable surroundings, where they are...
How did an American Company Eli Lilly use the knowledge of rDNA technology to produce human insulin ?
Answer: Insulin is made up of two polypeptide chains connected by sulphur bonds and produced using genetic engineering or recombinant DNA technology, which includes transferring genes from...
What are methanogens ? How do they help to generate biogas ?
Answer: Bacteria that create methane are known as methanogens. These bacteria are capable of degrading cellulose and other organic materials found in plant waste. The bacteria are utilised...
Write about Klinefelter’s Syndrome.
Answer: When a male is born with an extra copy of the X chromosome, he is diagnosed with Klinefelter syndrome. Klinefelter syndrome is a male-specific hereditary disorder that is frequently...
What is the cause of algal bloom in a water body ? How does it affect the water body ?
Answer: Algal blooms occur when a nutrient, such as nitrogen or phosphorus from fertiliser runoff, enters the aquatic system and causes algae to proliferate excessively. An algal bloom has an...
Explain the role of sacred groves in conservation of biodiversity.
Answer: Sacred groves are regenerated woodland areas that surround places of worship. Rajasthan, the Western Ghats of Karnataka, Maharashtra, Meghalaya, and Madhya Pradesh all have sacred...
Why is pyramid of biomass in sea generally inverted ? Explain.
Answer: The biomass pyramid in the sea is inverted because fish biomass exceeds that of phytoplankton, and in this situation, trophic level biomass is determined by the member's reproductive...
What is commensalism ? Give one example of this population interaction from plants and one from animals
Answer: One species benefits from commensal relationships while the other is unaffected. Food, shelter, support, and transportation may all be provided by the commensal organism's host, or a...
Why does the Bt toxin not kill the bacterium that produces it but kills the insect that ingest it ? Explain.
Answer: Bacillus thuringiensis is a soil bacteria that produces Bt toxin. This toxin does not kill bacteria since it is in an inactive and crystalline state when it is present in the...
What is the advantage of inbreeding in cattle ? How does continued inbreeding affect the cattle population ?
Answer: In all of the major cattle species, this tendency has been thoroughly established. Inbreeding depression has the biggest impact on reproductive traits, followed by growth traits, and...
What is contact inhibition in the normal cells of the body ? What are the consequences, when this property is lost by these cells ?
Answer: Normal cells have the feature of contact inhibition, which prevents them from growing and dividing uncontrollably; however, cancer cells lack this property, and they expand and divide...
. What are analogous structures in organisms ? State the kind of evolution they represent.
Answer : Analogous structures—that is, anatomical traits that are seemingly similar to one another—may exist in organisms that have evolved along divergent paths (e.g., the wings of birds and...
Mention any four features of an ideal contraceptive.
Answer: Features of an ideal contraceptive It is simple to use. It should be simple to obtain. It should be effective and reversible, with no or minimal negative consequences. It should not...
What is standing state in an ecosystem ?
Answer: The amount of nutrients present in the soil at any given time is referred to as the standing state. It describes non-living matter and revolves around the ecosystem's living and...
What is medical termination of pregnancy ?
Answer: Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP) is a method of ending a pregnancy by the use of medications. It is possible to terminate a pregnancy with drugs in the early stages (7-9 weeks);...
Why is reproduction essential for organisms ?
Answer: Reproductive is primarily used to keep species alive on the planet; if no individual reproduction creatures go extinct soon, species will perish. At the same time, reproduction is...
How much is the relative contribution of carbon dioxide to total global warming ? (A) 20% (B) 14% (C) 60% (D) 6%
Answer: (C) 60% Explanation: Greenhouse gases such as methane have a role in global warming. CFCs (Chlorofluorocarbons),Nitrous oxide (Nitrous oxide) Carbondioxide and oxygen (O)...
Bacterium, Lactobacillus is used in the preparation of edible product : Dosa Idli Curd Toddy
Answer: (C) Curd Explanation: Lactobacillus is a bacterium that performs fermentation in raw milk. By fermenting the lactose sugar in the milk, the bacterium turns it to lactic acid. As a...
Which high yielding semidwarf variety of rice were developed in India ? (A) Ratna (B) I R – 8 (C) Taichung Native – 1 (D) Kalyan Sona
Answer: (A) Ratna Explanation: Many cultivars, like as IR-8 and TN1, were widely planted for a few years before being superseded by superior semi-dwarf types produced in India, such as Jaya...
Which one of the following is a pathogen of common cold ? (A) Salmonella (B) Haemophilous influenzae (C) Wuchereria (D) Rhinovirus
Answer: (D) Rhinovirus Explanation: Up to 50% of common colds are caused by rhinoviruses. More than 100 rhinoviruses have been identified. Other viruses, on the other hand, can induce the...
Through experimentation, who demonstrated that life comes only from pre-existing life ? (A) Oparin (B) Haldane (C) Louis Pasteur (D) Darwin
Answer: (C) Louis Pasteur Explanation: Louis Pasteur was a scientist who conducted tests to show that life may only arise from pre-existing life. He made use of two flasks. A fresh piece of...
Which of the following rRNA acts as structural RNA as well as enzyme in bacteria ? (A) 5 S rRNA (B) 23 S rRNA (C) 18 S rRNA (D) 5.8 S rRNA
Answer: (B) 23 S rRNA Explanation: 23S rRNA is a peptidyl transferase that is found in the bigger subunit of the ribosome (ribozyme).
Which one of the following trait of pea plant studied by Mendel is recessive ? (A) Yellow seed colour (B) Yellow pod colour (C) Violet colour (D) Round seed shape
Answer: (A) Yellow seed colour Explanation: In his experiment, green seed colour is the recessive feature, while yellow seed colour is the dominant trait.
In which of the following organisms, asexual reproduction occurs by gemmules ? (A) Paramoecium (B) Sponge (C) Hydra (D) Penicillium
Answer: (B) Sponge Explanation: In sponges, gemmules are asexual reproductive bodies. Bryophyllum is a plant that reproduces by means of buds on the leaf margins.
Write any four differences between arteries and veins.
Solution ARTERIES VEINS Involved in carrying oxygenated blood except for pulmonary arteries Involved in carrying deoxygenated blood except for pulmonary veins Consists of three distinct layers,...
What do you know about Ecological Succession ?
Answer: Ecological succession is the constant and gradual shift in a species' response to a changing environment in a given area. Because all biotic components must keep up with changes in our...
Describe water pollution and its control.
Answer: A variety of strategies can be used to control water pollution to a greater extent. Rather than dumping sewage waste into bodies of water, it is preferable to treat it first. By doing...
Describe the process of Spermatogenesis in Male.
Answer: Spermatogenesis is the process through which males produce sperm from immature germ cells. It takes place inside the testes, in seminiferous tubules. A diploid spermatogonium (male germ...
Describe various Trophic levels of a Food Chain.
Answer: The feeding behaviour of a chain's organisms is used to classify them into various tiers. The producers, or green plants, are found on the first and lowest level. The second-level organisms,...
Write a note on Eutrophication.
Answer: Eutrophication is the decrease of oxygen in aquatic bodies, which can occur naturally or as a result of human actions. It occurs as a result of the discharge of nutrients and...
Describe the methods of Biodiversity Conservation.
Answer: Biodiversity refers to the variability of life on earth. It can be conserved in the following ways: In-situ Conservation Ex-situ Conservation In-situ Conservation – The conservation...
. Differentiate between Immigration and Emigration.
Answer: When we talk about immigration, we're talking about people who have left their native nation and are now living in another. Immigrants frequently relocate to another country with the...
. “Energy Flow in an Ecosystem is always unidirectional,” comment.
Answer: Because most of the energy is released at the trophic level in the form of heat and metabolic processes, energy flow in an ecosystem is always unidirectional. As a result, 10% is moved from...
Describe the structure of Embryo Sac in an angiosperm plant.
Answer: Angiosperm mature embryo sacs are typically 7-celled and 8-nucleate structures. An egg apparatus, consisting of an egg cell and two synergid cells, is present at the micropylar end....
Define Amniocentesis. Why it is banned in India ?
Answer: Amniocentesis is a procedure that involves extracting a small volume of amnion fluid from the amniotic chamber in order to diagnose genetic abnormalities in the embryo or baby....
Write a brief note on Co-extinction.
Answer: The phenomena of a host species' loss or decline causing in the loss or endangerment of another species that depends on it, potentially leading to cascading consequences across trophic...
Breastfeeding during the initial period of infant growth is recommended by doctors, why ?
Answer: Colostrum, the milk produced by the mother during the first few days of nursing, contains many antibodies that are critical for the development of resistance in new-born newborns. As a...
Write a short note on Species Diversity.
Answer: Species diversity refers to the biological diversity found within a given ecological community. It denotes the number of species found in an ecological community, their abundance (or number...
How do mammals of colder climates adapt to their surroundings ?
Answer: Animals have a variety of adaptations to help them survive in this severe environment; in the Tundra, animals require refuge and insulation. The feathers and hair of the animals here are...
“Medical Termination of Pregnancy is legalized in India”. Comment.
Answer: There are a variety of reasons why a woman would want to terminate her pregnancy medically. This method of artificially terminating a pregnancy is either lawful or illegal. In India, it is...
Write a brief note on the Menstrual cycle.
Answer: The menstrual cycle is a natural cycle that can occur in adult women. When a woman is not pregnant, her menstrual cycle will repeat every 28 days. The ovaries of women produce a mature ovum...
Define Placenta and give its significance in human females.
Answer: During pregnancy, the placenta is an organ that develops in the uterus. This structure gives your growing infant oxygen and nourishment while also removing waste from his or her blood. The...
Write a short note on Autogamy in plants.
Answer: In plants, autogamy is the process of self-fertilization. The plant's pollen is delivered to its own stigma or ovule, where fertilisation takes place. The autogamy fertilisation mechanism...
Meiosis and fertilization are essential processes in the life cycle of a diploid organism, why?
Answer: This reduction in chromosome number is crucial because without it, the union of two gametes during fertilisation would result in children with twice the normal amount of chromosomes!
Expand the term CNG
Answer: Natural gas compressed under pressure that is clean, odourless, and non-corrosive is known as compressed natural gas (CNG). It's also a less expensive, greener, and more efficient car fuel...
Describe in brief the structure of chloroplast.
Solution: Chloroplast has an inner and outer membrane with an empty intermediate space in between. Inside the chloroplast are stacks of thylakoids, called grana. Stroma is the dense fluid inside of...
Define Reforestation.
Answer: The process of regenerating or replanting forest areas that have been destroyed or damaged for the benefit of civilization is known as reforestation. Both reforestation and afforestation...
Define Population.
Any material that has a detrimental impact on the environment or the organisms that live in it is referred to as "pollution." Air pollution, water pollution, soil contamination, light pollution, and...
Define Natality.
The number of births per 1,000 people in a population is known as the natality rate. Absolute natality refers to the number of births that may occur under perfect conditions, whereas realised...
How many WildLife Sanctuaries are present in India ? (A) 14 (B) 90 (C) More than 448 (D) 200
(C) More than 448 Explanation: In India, there are 566 wildlife sanctuaries with a total area of 122420 km2, or 3.72 percent of the country's total land area (National Wildlife Database, Dec....
. Which of the following is called the connecting link between producers and carnivores in a grassland ecosystem ? (A) Insects (B) Frog (C) Snake (D) Bird
d bird Explanation: Although many birds are herbivores or omnivores, birds of prey are invariably carnivores. Seeds, nectar, and fruit are common foods for herbivorous birds.
Who is regarded as the father of Ecology in India ? (A) K. C. Misra (B) K. C. Mehta (C) Ramdeo Misra (D) P. Maheshwari
(C) Ramdeo Misra Explanation: Ramdeo Misra is considered as the 'Father of ecology' in India.
Which of the following sterilization methods is used in human male ? (A) Tubectomy (B) Vasectomy (C) Both (A) and (B) (D) None of the above
(B) Vasectomy Explanation: Sterilization is a permanent method of birth control. Sterilization procedures for women are called tubal ligation. The procedure for men is called vasectomy.
Which of the following cells have potency to give rise to all tissues and organs in the developing embryo ? (A) Sertoli cells (B) Leydig cells (C) Follicle cells (D) Stem cells
Stem cells Explanation: The stem cells which have potency to give rise to all tissues and organs are formed in the developing embryo.
First Menstruation in human female is called : (A) Menopause (B) Menarche (C) Both (A) and (B) (D) None of the above
(B) Menarche Explanation: The first menstrual flow/discharge in female humans is known as menarche. The menstrual cycle comes to a stop with menopause.
Pollen grains of which plant cause pollen allergy ? (A) Parthenium (B) Coriandrum (C) Triticum (D) All of the above
(D)All of the above Explanation: Parthenium, also known as carrot grass or congress weed, is a weed that originated in the United States and was introduced to India during the 1950s famine, where it...
Which type of reproduction requires a single parent ? (A) Sexual Reproduction (B) Asexual Reproduction (C) Both of these (D) None of these
b Asexual Reproduction Explanation: There are no two gametes involved in asexual reproduction. Only a single parent (unicellular or multicellular) divides and produces a new offspring with the same...
What is sexual dimorphism?
Solution: The differences in form or appearance between males and females of the same species are known as sexual dimorphism. Example- Males are larger than the females.
What is apomixis ?
Solution: Apomixis is the method of seed production without involving the process of meiosis and syngamy. It plays an important role in hybrid seed production. The method of producing hybrid seeds...
Which block of elements are known as transition elements?
(a) p-block
(b) s-block
(c) d-block
(f) f-block
Correct option is C The d-block elements are called transition elements because they exhibit transitional behaviour between s-block and p-block elements.
Which one of the following is called green vitriol?
(a) 4 2 FeSO H O .7
(b) 4 2 CuSO H O .5
(c) 4 2 CaSO H O .2
(d) None of these
FeSO4 . 7H2O is called green vitriol
H2SO4 is a/an
(a)acid
(b)base
(c)alkali
(d)salt
Correct option is A acid An acid is any substance that in water solution tastes sour, changes blue litmus paper to red, reacts with some metals to liberate hydrogen, reacts with bases to form salts,...
Which one of the following is least basic?
(a) NCI3
(b) NBr3
(c) NI3
(d) NF3
(c) NI3 NI3 is least basic because Iodine has vacant d orbital hence it can accept lone pair of electrons from Nitrogen and help in back bonding
Which one of the following elements is liquid at normal temperature
(a) Zine
(b)Mercury
(c)Bromine
(d)Water
Correct option is b Mercury Mercury exists in liquid state at room temperature. Bromine(Br) also exists as liquid at room temperature however it is a non-metal. Some other metals like caesium,...
Main source of helium is
(a) air
(b)radium
(c) monazite
(d)water
Correct option is C Monazite is a phosphate mineral [(Ce, La, Nd, Th)PO4], the major commercial source of Ce. Occurring as small heavy crystals in granitic and gneissic rocks and their detritus...
Which one of the following does not form hydrogen bonding?
(a) NH3
(b) H O2
(c)HCI
(d) HF
Correct option is C Explanation: Hydrochloric acid (HCl) does not form hydrogen bonding. This is because in hydrogen bonding the bonding is formed between hydrogen and elements Nitrogen, Oxygen and...
Which of the following is an autosomal linked recessive trait? (A) Sickle cell anaemia (B) Phenylketonuria (C) Both (A) & (B) (D) Haemophilia
(A) Sickle cell anaemia Explanation: Sickle cell disease is a collection of illnesses affecting haemoglobin, a protein found in red blood cells that transport oxygen to all of the body's...
Write a note on Decomposition.
"To break down" is what the term "decomposition" signifies. It usually refers to the breakdown or rupture of a complex organic substance into a simpler inorganic substance. It is one of the...
. Describe the carbon cycle in an Ecosystem.
The carbon cycle is nature's mechanism of recycling carbon atoms, which flow from the atmosphere to Earth's creatures and then back into the atmosphere. The majority of carbon is held in rocks and...
If 2g of NaOH is present in 200ml of its solution, its molarity will be
(a)0.25
(b)0.5
(c)5
(d)10
Correct option is A Molecular weight of NaOH = 40 Now, We have to find the Molarity Molarity = Moles/Volume in litre So first we have to find the moles, Moles = Weight in gram/Molecular weight Moles...
Describe various causes of Biodiversity Losses.
The various causes of biodiversity losses are mentioned below: HABITAT LOSS CAUSES BIODIVERSITY LOSS. The thinning, fragmentation, or outright elimination of an ecosystem's plant, soil, hydrologic,...
Describe the process of Double Fertilization and its significance in plants.
Double fertilisation is a complicated process in which one sperm cell fuses with the egg cell while the other combines with two polar nuclei, resulting in a diploid (2n) zygote and a triploid (3n)...
Draw a well labeled diagram of sectional view of Female Reproductive System.
The female reproductive system is made up of several glands, a single kind of duct, and other supporting structures, including: I) Ovaries: During a woman's reproductive years, the ovaries are her...
If the rate of a reaction is expressed by, Rate = K [A]2[B], then the order of reaction will be
(a)2
(b)3
(c)1
(d)0
Correct option is (B) 3 If the rate of a reaction is expressed by, Rate = K [A]2[B], then the order of reaction will be 3
Write in short, what do you know about the Productivity ?
An increase in biomass, a phrase used to refer to the weight of all living organisms in a given area, is frequently used to assess productivity. The weight of biomass is measured in grammes or...
Write a short note on Food chain.
A food chain is the sequence of events in an ecosystem in which one living organism eats another organism, which is then eaten by a larger organism. A food chain is the movement of nutrients and...
Why we should conserve Biodiversity ?
Conservation of biodiversity is critical for economic growth and poverty alleviation. The bulk of the world's poor live in rural areas, and their livelihoods are reliant on forests, water, wetlands,...
Which chemical changes occur during the fertilization of mammalian egg?
The following chemical reactions take place during fertilisation: Sperm and ovum approximation: The compatibility response between fertilizin and antifertilizin can be used to accomplish this....
Why is reproduction essential for living organisms?
All living organisms must reproduce in order to survive. It is a biological process in which living creatures generate offspring that are genetically identical to themselves. Reproduction ensures...
In the following chemical equation the equilibrium-constant R depends on
(a) total pressure
(b)catalyst used
(c)amount of H2 and I2
(d) temperature.
(c) amount of H2 and I2 In chemical equation above the equilibrium-constant R depends on amount of H2 and I2
Which one of the following is the strongest Lewis acid?
(a) BF3
(b) BCI3
(c) BBr3
(d) BI3
(d) BI3 This bond decreases the boron atom's electron deficiency, and its Lewis acid character diminishes. The bonding tendency in BI3 is optimum and decreases from others Thus it behaves as a...
Write a brief note on ‘Green House Effect’.
The greenhouse effect is a natural mechanism that causes the surface of the Earth to warm. Some of the Sun's energy is reflected back to space, while the rest is absorbed and re-radiated by...
The shape of XeF4 is
(a)tetrahedral
(b)square planar
(c)pyramida
l(d) linear
the correct answer is an option (b)- square planar Note: Whenever you are drawing the compound structure the number of lone pairs should also be considered. In this example also there are 4 fluorine...
Write a brief note on Ecological Diversity.
Biodiversity includes ecological diversity. It refers to the diversity of ecosystems found in a given place or across the entire world. Biodiversity is vital because it cleans our water, regulates...
Write a brief note on water logging and soil salinity.
Waterlogging is frequently associated with soil salinity in irrigated agricultural land, as waterlogged soils hinder the salts imported by irrigation water from being leached. In dry irrigated...
Pyramid of energy in an ecosystem is always upright, why ?
Because energy transmission in a food chain is always unidirectional, the energy pyramid is the only type of ecological pyramid that is always upright. Furthermore, when the trophic level rises,...
How desert plants are adapted to xeric conditions
The desert is a tough place to live. Organisms in a desert ecosystem have evolved to cope with the extreme heat and scarcity of water. Although each has its own survival system, several of the ways...
What do you mean by over exploitation ?
Overfishing or overexploitation refers to the removal of marine living resources to levels that are insufficient to support viable populations. Overexploitation can eventually lead to resource...
In a food chain the “herbivores are called connecting link”, why ?
Herbivores are key members of the food chain because they eat plants to digest the carbohydrates produced by photosynthetic processes. Carnivores eat herbivores for the same reason, although...
Write a short note on Artificial Insemination.
Artificial insemination is a process in which a male's sperm is collected and injected into the female reproductive canal at the appropriate moment using tools. It has been discovered that this...
Distinguish between Asexual and Sexual reproduction.
Difference between Sexual and Asexual types of reproductions Sexual Reproduction Asexual Reproduction There are two parents involved. Involvement of only one parent is there. Both parents'...
Define Pollution.
Any material that has a detrimental impact on the environment or the organisms that live in it is referred to as "pollution." Air pollution, water pollution, soil contamination, light pollution, and...
Name major abiotic factors of environment.
In the environment, an abiotic factor is a non-living component. It could be a chemical or physical presence. There are three types of abiotic factors: climatic, edaphic, and social. Humidity,...
What do you mean by Jhum cultivation? Explain.
Slash and burn cultivation is another name for jhum cultivation. Agriculture is a type of farming that involves cultivating crops. Agriculture is mostly centred on Jhum farming in the North-East...
Define Menopause.
The end of a woman's menstrual periods is known as menopause. Any of the changes you go through just before or after your period stops, signalling the end of your reproductive years, are referred to...
When in human female early embryo is transferred from fallopian tube into uterus, then it consists of how many cells? (A) Upto 8 blastomeres (B) Upto 4 blastomeres (C) Upto 2 blastomeres (D) More than 8 blastomeres
a Explanation: Early embryos with up to 8 blastomeres are put in the fallopian tube via ZIFT, or Zygote intrafallopian transfer. Early embryos with more than 8 blastomeres are immediately...
If 96500 coulomb of electricity is passed through CuSO4 soluton,it will liberate
(a)63.5g of Cu
(b)31.76 g of Cu
(c) 96500 g of Cu
(d)100g of Cu
Correct option is B 31.76 gm Cu At the cathode Cu2+(aq)+2e−→Cu(s) At the anode 4OH−(aq)→2H2O(l)+O2(g)+4e− Faraday’s constant = 96500C/mol To deposit 1 mole of copper, we...
Which of the following seed is albuminous? (A) Gram (B) Castor (C) Groundnut (D) All of these
All of these Explanation: Non-endospermic or exalbuminous seeds are seeds that store food resources in their cotyledons. (Gram, Pea, Bean, Almond, Groundnut, etc)
Progesterone hormone is secreted by : (A) Leydig cells (B) Sertoli cells (C) Corpus luteum (D) Pituitary gland
(c)Corpus luteum Explanation: The endometrium thickens as a result of estradiol and progesterone released by the corpus luteum. The follicles produce both progesterone and estradiol.
The life span of Tortoise is : (A) 60-70 years (B) 90-100 years (C) 100-150 years (D) None of these
100-150 years Explanation: Tortoises are the world's longest-living terrestrial animals, albeit the longest-living tortoise species is a point of contention. Most tortoise species have a lifespan of...
The species that invades a bare area is called : (A) Secondary Species (B) Pioneer Species (C) Climax Community (D) None of these
b Pioneer Species Explanation: Pioneer species are those that conquer a bare patch of land. Lichens, which can release acids to dissolve rock and aid in weathering and soil formation, are commonly...
In Bryophytes the main plant body is :(A) Haploid (B) Diploid (C) Triploid (D) None of these
Answer: a Haploid Explanation: The bryophyte's primary plant body is haploid. It is called a gametophyte because it generates gametes. Bryophytes have multicellular sex organs.
Binary Fission
moeba is a single-celled organism that reproduces by binary fission, just like bacteria. The cell divides into two equal-sized daughter cells after reproducing its genetic material by mitotic...
Amoeba reproduces by which method ?
(A) Conidia (B) Binary Fission (C) Zoospores (D) Basidia
What do you mean by Biodiversity? What is the importance of species Biodiversity in Ecosystem? Describe main reasons for depletion of Biodiversity.
Solution: Biodiversity hotspot is a biogeochemical region which act as a prominent reservoir of diverse organism and are threatened for destruction. There are 34 biodiversity hotspots in the...
What is Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome? Give an account of its pathogen. transmission, etiology, diagnosis and remedy. Suggest measures for its prevention.
Solution: AIDS is a disease caused by a human immunodeficiency virus that weakens our immune system and gradually weakens the entire body systems. Pathogen The pathogenesis of HIV begins with a...
What is Biotechnology? Describe the application of Biotechnology in Medicines.
Solution: The use of biology to develop technologies and products for the welfare of human beings is known as Biotechnology. It has various applications in different fields such as Therapeutics,...
What is adaptive radiation? Illustrate it giving suitable example.
Solution: Adaptive radiation is an example of divergent evolution in which organisms of same ancestry diverge and adapt new characters that helps in their better survivability. Adaption of the new...
What do you mean by chromosomal disorder? Describe the cause and related abnormalities in the following genetic disorders (i) Down’s syndrome (ii) Klinefelter’s syndrome (iii) Turner’s syndrome 17
Solution: Chromosomal disorders are increase or decrease in the number of chromosomal numbers which results in the birth defects that are heritable from one generation to the other generation. Down...