Reactions Involved: 4AgNO3 + H3PO2 + 2H2O → 4Ag + H3PO4 + 4HNO3 2HgCl2 + H3PO2 + 2H2O → 2Hg + H3PO4 + 4HCl
PCl5 reacts with silver to form white silver salt(AgCl). Which than dissolves on adding excess aqueous NH3 to form a soluble complex Reaction Involved: PCl5 + 2Ag → 2AgCl(white ppt.) + PCl3 AgCl +...
White phosphorus 1. It is soft waxy solid having garlic order 2. It is poisonous 3. Has low melting point and boiling point because P4 molecules are held together by weak van der Waal forces of...
Reaction Involved: P4O10 + 4HNO3 → 4HPO3 + 2N2O5 White phosphorous is very reactive as compared to red phosphorous due to angular strain in white phosphorous.
Three oxoacids of nitrogen: 1.Nitric acid(HNO3) 2.Nitrous acid (HNO2) 3.Hyponitrous acid (H2N2O1) + 3 oxidation is shown by HNO2, Therefore it undergoes disproportion reaction, Calculation:...
Calculation: P4O6 + 6H2O → 4H3PO3 4H3PO3 + 8NaOH → Na2HPO3 + 8H20 P4O6 + 8NaOH → 4Na2HPO3 + 2H2O Moles of P4O6 = 1.1/220 = 0.5 Acid formed by one mole of P4o6 requires = 8 mol Acid formed by 0.005...
Calculation: When white phosphorous reacts with chlorine: P4 + 6Cl2 → 4PCl3 PCl3 + 3H2O → H3PO3 + 4HCl ]*4 P4 +6Cl2 +12H2O → 4H3PO3 +12HCl Moles of white P= 62/124 = 0.5mol 1mol of white P4 produces...
Example Reactions: 1. 4Zn +10HNO3(dil) → 4Zn(NO3)2 + NH4NO3 + 3H2O 2. 4Zn +10HNO3(dil) → 4Zn(NO3)2 + N2O + 5H2O 3. 4Zn +4HNO3(conc.) → Zn(NO3)2 + NO2 + 2H2O
Option (i) is the answer. Between the pentose sugars of nucleotides, there are 5′ and 3′ connections.
Option (ii) is the answer. Nucleic acids are nucleotide polymers connected together by phosphodiester linkage.
Option (iv) is the answer. Because vitamin B12 is water insoluble, it can be stored in the body.
Option (ii) and (iv) are the answers. Sucrose is a non-reducing sugar and a disaccharide.
Carbonyl groups can be found in monosaccharides. As a result, they're categorised as either aldose or ketose. Aldose refers to monosaccharides that contain an aldehyde group. Ketose refers to...
D-configuration is the configuration of both aldopentoses. -D-ribose is ribose, while -D-2-deoxyribose is 2-deoxyribose.
Glycylalanine is formed when the hydroxyl group of glycine is bonded to the amine group of alanine via a peptide (-CONH) linkage.
Biocatalysts are enzymes. By providing an alternative approach, they lower the magnitude of activation energy. The enzyme sucrase lowers the activation energy of sucrose hydrolysis from 6.22 kJ...
Option (i) is correct Teflon is a chemically inert and thermally stable material that is used to make nonstick cookware.
Option (i) is correct Polymerization of olefins like ethene results in polymers like polythene.
Option (ii) is correct. Rayon is a semi-synthetic polymer that is a better alternative than cotton because acetylation improves the characteristics of cellulose after processing.
(i) is f (ii) is e (iii) is a (iv) is c (v) is b (vi) is d
(i) is b (ii) is d (iii) is a (iv) is d (v) is c
(i) is e (ii) is c (iii) is a (iv) is b (v) is d
Pure monomers are employed instead of polymerization through the free radical pathway because even little impurities serve as inhibitors, causing the chain reaction to abruptly stop and short length...
Proteins and synthetic polyamides share certain structural similarities. Polyamides, such as Nylon, are made up of Glycine and aminocaproic acid molecules linked together by an amide bond. A similar...
In laminated sheets, urea-formaldehyde resin is utilised. The monomeric components used to make laminated sheets are urea and formaldehyde.
By providing chain initiation, benzoyl peroxide functions as an initiator in free radical addition polymerisation of alkenes. The generated radical reacts with the carbon-carbon double bond of an...
Cross-linking is used to increase these physical qualities by assisting in the binding of its planar polymer sheets, therefore improving elastomeric properties and thermal stability.
Proteins, nucleic acids, and starch are all examples of step-growth polymers. Condensation polymers are step growth polymers. The loss of a simple molecule allows monomers with bifunctional or...
This is polyisoprene or natural rubber. This polymer's monomeric unit is 2-methyl-1,3-butadiene.
In this polymer chain, the monomers A' and 'B' are randomly linked. As an example, this is a copolymer. A When a mixture of two or more unsaturated monomers reacts, a copolymer is formed.
The monomer in this case is –A-. This polymer is a homopolymer since the same or same monomer is repeated to make it.
The structure of 2-methyl-1,3-butadiene is Rubber vulcanization is the term for this procedure. Sulphur works as a crosslinking agent in this case, stiffening the rubber and giving it better...
Option (i) and (iv) are the answers. Rubber becomes more elastic and rigid after vulcanization. Sulphur produces cross connections at the reactive locations of double bonds or at their reactive...
Option (i), (ii) and (iv) are the answers. The vinylic monomer units of acrilan, polystyrene, and teflon are as follows:
Option (i) and (ii) are the answers. Biodegradable polymers are those that are quickly degraded and are not hazardous to the environment.
Option (i) and (iv) are the answers. Bakelite is a phenol and formaldehyde condensation polymer. Melamine formaldehyde resin is a melamine (2, 4, 6-triamino-1, 3, 5-triazine) and formaldehyde...
Option (iii) and (iv) are the answers. The addition polymers Orion and polystyrene are produced by polymerizing CH2 = CH – CN (acrylonitrile) and C6H5 – CH = CH2 styrene, respectively.
Option (ii) and (iii) are the answers. (b) (c)
Option (iv) is the answer. Nylon -6 is a polymer made from caprolactam polymerization.
Option (i) is the answer.
Option (ii) is the answer. Low density polythene is a strong yet flexible (not too flexible) material with a weak electrical conductivity. Its structure is extremely branching.
Option (i) is the answer. Condensation polymerization of ethylene glycol and phthalic acid with the removal of the water molecule yields the given polymer.
Option (C) is the answer. Biodegradable polymers are materials whose chemical and physical properties deteriorate and disintegrate entirely when exposed to microorganisms, aerobic, and anaerobic...
Option (ii) is the answer.
Option (i) is the answer M-polyisoprene is a polymer that comes from nature.
Option (iv) is the answer. Glycogen is a glucose polymer present in animal livers, brains, and muscles. Amylase and amylopectin are structural components of starch, while cellulose is a polymer...
Solution: (c) arrangement of cycle by linkage between metal particle and ligand balances out the coordination compound. The ligand which chelates the metal particle are known as chelating ligand....
Ozone is less thermodynamically stable because it decomposes into oxygen and this decay leads to heat release, so its entropy is positive whereas the free energy is negative for this ozone.
As the decrease in the electronegativity of the halogen, the tendency of the XO3 group (X = halogens) to withdraw the electrons of the O-H bond has decreased so the perhalic acid strength also...
Reaction Involved: NO3- + 3Fe2+ + 4H+ → NO + 3Fe2 + 2H2O [Fe(H2O) 6]SO4 + NO → [Fe(H2O) 5NO]SO4 (brown coloured complex)
Identification: Halide A - PCl5 (yellowish-white powder) Halide B - PCl3 (colourless oily liquid) Reaction Involved: PCl3 + 3H2O H3PO3 + 3HCl (Hydrolysis of PCl5) PCl5 + H2O POCl3+ 2HCl PCl5 +...
Fluorine is the most potent oxidizing agent and can oxidize sulfur in its high oxidation state (+6) to form SF6. Chlorine is not a good oxidizing agent, it cannot oxidize sulfur in its high...
H2O has a higher bond angle than H2S because as we move from oxygen to sulfur the size of the central atom increases and electronegativity decreases due to which bond moving from the central atom...
Chlorine has some empty area in the d orbital which is why it can show an oxidation state of +3. Fluorine has no vacancy in the d orbital, it cannot show a good oxidation state. Fluorine shows only...
The nitric acid in the form of a gas is present in the form of a monomer. It contains only one unpaired electron and is therefore paramagnetic. In the solid state, it exists as a dimer (N2O2). There...
The size of the axial bond is greater than the size of the equatorial bond to endure repulsion because the three equatorial bonds create more repulsion. The two axial P-Cl bonds are therefore longer...
With water, the PH3 does not form any hydrogen bond. It therefore does not dissolve in water and evaporates as a gas and forms bubbles while the ammonia forms the hydrogen bond and dissolves in water.
Reaction Involved: NH3 + O2 → 4NO + 6H2O The platinum gauze acts as a catalyst to speed up the reaction.
The dissolution of SO3 in water is very exothermic. This leads to the formation of tiny droplets that are corrosive and can even attack the lead pipes used to cover the tower in the communication...
(i) The only type of interactions between particles of noble gases is due to weak dispersion forces. (ii) Ionisation enthalpy of molecular oxygen is very close to that of xenon. (iii) Hydrolysis of...
(i) CaF2+ H2SO4 → CaSO4+ 2HF (ii) 2HI + H2SO4 → I2 + SO2+ 2H2O (iii) Cu + 2H2SO4 → CuSO4 + SO2 + 2H2O (iv) NaCl + H2SO4 → NaHSO4 + HCl Correct Answers: (ii) 2HI + H2SO4 → I2 + SO2+ 2H2O...
(i) S–S bond is present in H2S2O6 (ii) In peroxosulphuric acid (H2SO5) sulphur is in +6 oxidation state. (iii) Iron powder along with Al2O3 and K2O is used as a catalyst in the preparation of NH3 by...
(i) As2O3< SiO2< P2O3< SO2 Acid strength. (ii) AsH3< PH3< NH3 Enthalpy of vaporization. (iii) S < O < Cl < F More negative electron gain enthalpy. (iv) H2O > H2S > H2Se...
(i) All three N—O bond lengths in HNO3 are equal. (ii) All P—Cl bond lengths in PCl5 molecule in the gaseous state are equal. (iii) P4 molecule in white phosphorus have angular strain therefore...
(i) It acts as a bleaching agent in moist conditions. (ii) Its molecule has linear geometry. (iii) It’s dilute solution is used as a disinfectant. (iv) It can be prepared by the reaction of dilute...
(i) Among halogens, radius ratio between iodine and fluorine is maximum. (ii) Leaving F—F bond, all halogens have weaker X—X bond than X—X’ bond in interhalogens. (iii) Among interhalogen compounds,...
(i) It has 6 lone pairs of electrons. (ii) It has six P–P single bonds. (iii) It has three P–P single bonds. (iv) It has four lone pairs of electrons. Correct Answers: (ii) It has six P–P...
(i) F2 > Cl2 > Br2 > I2 - Oxidising power. (ii) MI > MBr > MCl > MF - Ionic character of metal halide. (iii) F2 > Cl2 > Br2 > I2 - Bond dissociation enthalpy. (iv) HI <...
(i) 0 to +5 (ii) 0 to +3 (iii) 0 to –1 (iv) 0 to +1 Correct Answers: (i) 0 to +5 (iii) 0 to –1 Explanation:
(i) 2 (ii) 3 (iii) 4 (iv) 6 Correct Answer: (i) 2 Explanation: In the preparation of HNO3, we get NO gas by catalytic oxidation of ammonia. The moles of NO produced by the oxidation of two...
(i) +3 (ii) +5 (iii) +1 (iv) –3 Correct Answer: (iii) +1 Explanation: NaH2PO2 = 1 + (2x+1) + x + 2(−2) =0 x−1 = 0 x = +1
(i) NH4+ (ii) SiCl4 (iii) SF4 (iv) SO42- Correct Answer: (iii) SF4 Explanation: The shape of SF4 is not tetrahedral.
(i) H2SO5 and H2S2O8 (ii) H2SO5 and H2S2O7 (iii) H2S2O7 and H2S2O8 (iv) H2S2O6 and H2S2O7 Correct Answer: (i) H2SO5 and H2S2O8 Explanation: Peroxides of Sulphur - H2SO5 and...
(i) Cu (ii) S (iii) C (iv) Zn Correct Answer: (iii) C Explanation: When hot conc. H2SO4 acts as a moderately strong oxidising agent, it oxidises both metals and nonmetals. The element Carbon...
(i) –3 to +3 (ii) –3 to 0 (iii) –3 to +5 (iv) 0 to –3 Correct Answer: (i) –3 to +3 Explanation: A black compound of manganese reacts with a halogen acid to give greenish yellow gas. When an...
(i) both O2 and Xe has the same size. (ii) both O2 and Xe has the same electron gain enthalpy. (iii) both O2 and Xe has almost same ionisation enthalpy. (iv) both Xe and O2 are gases Correct...
(i) covalent solid (ii) octahedral structure (iii) ionic solid with [PCl6]+ octahedral and [PCl4]– tetrahedra (iv) ionic solid with [PCl4]+tetrahedral and [PCl6]– octahedral Correct Answer:...
IonReduction potential Eᶱ/V ClO4–Eᶱ = 1.19V IO4–Eᶱ = 1.65V BrO4 –Eᶱ = 1.74V (i) ClO4–> IO4– > BrO4– (ii) IO4– > BrO4– > ClO4– (iii) BrO4– > IO4– > ClO4– (iv) BrO4– > ClO4– >...
(i) ICl2, ClO2 (ii) BrO2-, BrF2+ (iii) ClO2, BrF (iv) CN-, O3 Correct Answer: (ii) BrO2-, BrF2+ Explanation: BrO2- = 35 + 2 * 8 + 1 => 52 BrF2+ = 35 + 2 * 9 - 1 =>...
(i) H2SO4 reduces HI to I2 (ii) HI is of violet colour (iii) HI gets oxidised to I2 (iv) HI changes to HIO3 Correct Answer: (iii) HI gets oxidised to I2 Explanation: Reaction...
(i) a deep blue precipitate of Cu (OH)2 (ii) a deep blue solution of [Cu (NH3)4]2+ (iii) a deep blue solution of Cu(NO3)2 (iv) a deep blue solution of Cu(OH)2.Cu(NO3)2 Correct Answer: (ii) a...
(i) 3 double bonds; 9 single bonds (ii) 6 double bonds; 6 single bonds (iii) 3 double bonds; 12 single bonds (iv) Zero double bonds; 12 single bonds Correct Answer: (ii) 6 double bonds; 6...
(i) Carbon (ii) Nitrogen (iii) Phosphorus (iv) Boron Correct Answer: (iii) Phosphorus Explanation: The element which is involved in the pπ–dπ bonding is Phosphorus.
(i) CO32-, NO3- (ii) ClO3- , CO32- (iii) SO32-, NO3- (iv) ClO3- , SO32– Correct Answer: (i) CO32-, NO3- Explanation: CO32- and NO3- are the pairs of ions that are isoelectronic and...
(i) HF (ii) HCl (iii) HBr (iv) HI Correct Answer: (i) HF Explanation: HF is the halogen acids that must have the highest bond dissociation enthalpy.
Compound∆diss (E—H)/kJ mol–1 NH3389 PH3322 AsH3297 SbH3255 (i) NH3 (ii) PH3 (iii) AsH3 (iv) SbH3 Correct Answer: (iv) SbH3 Explanation: SbH3 is the compound that will act as the strongest...
(i) It is highly poisonous and has smelled like rotten fish. (ii) It’s a solution in water decomposes in the presence of light. (iii) It is more basic than NH3 (iv) It is less basic than NH3 ...
(i) H3PO2 (ii) H3BO3 (iii) H3PO4 (iv) H3PO3 Correct Answer: (iii) H3PO4 Explanation: H3PO4 is the acid that form three series of salts.
(i) The low oxidation state of phosphorus (ii) Presence of two –OH groups and one P–H bond (iii) Presence of one –OH group and two P–H bonds (iv) High electron gain enthalpy of phosphorus ...
(i) N2O, PbO (ii) NO2, PbO (iii) NO, PbO (iv) NO, PbO2 Correct Answer: (ii) NO2, PbO Explanation: Reaction Involved - 2Pb(NO3)2 → 2PbO + 4NO2 + O2
(i) Nitrogen (ii) Bismuth (iii) Antimony (iv) Arsenic Correct Answer: (i) Nitrogen Explanation: The element that do not show allotropy is Nitrogen.
(i) 3 (ii) 5 (iii) 4 (iv) 6 Correct Answer: (iii) 4 Explanation: Maximum covalency of nitrogen is 4.
(i) Single N–N bond is stronger than the single P–P bond. (ii) PH3 can act as a ligand in the formation of a coordination compound with transition elements. (iii) NO2 is paramagnetic. (iv) Covalency...
(i) [Fe(H2O)5 (NO)]2+ (ii) FeSO4.NO2 (iii) [Fe(H2O)4 (NO)]2+ (iv) FeSO4.HNO3 Correct Answer: (i) [Fe(H2O)5 (NO)]2+ Explanation: A brown ring is formed in the ring test for NO3– ion. It is...
(i) Bi2O5 (ii) BiF5 (iii) BiCl5 (iv) Bi2S5 Correct Answer: (ii) BiF5 Explanation: Due to the inert pair effect bismuth only exhibit +3 oxidation state and form trihalides. But due to the size...
(i) N2 in both cases (ii) N2 with ammonium dichromate and NO with barium azide (iii) N2O with ammonium dichromate and N2 with barium azide (iv) N2O with ammonium dichromate and NO2 with barium azide...
(i) Both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of assertion. (ii) Both assertion and reason are true but the reason is not the correct explanation of assertion....
(i) Both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of assertion. (ii) Both assertion and reason are true but the reason is not the correct explanation of assertion....
(i) Both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of assertion. (ii) Both assertion and reason are true but the reason is not the correct explanation of assertion....
(i) Both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of assertion. (ii) Both assertion and reason are true but the reason is not the correct explanation of assertion....
(i) Both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of assertion. (ii) Both assertion and reason are true but the reason is not the correct explanation of assertion....
Column I Column II (A) Pendulum (1) Chrome steel (B) Malachite (2) Nickel steel (C) Calamine (3) Na3AlF6 (D) Cryolite (4) CuCO3.Cu(OH)2 (5) ZnCO3 Column I Column II (A) Pendulum (2)...
Column I Column II (A) Coloured band (1) Zone refining (B) Impure metal to volatile complex (2) Fractional distillation (C) Purification of Ge and Si (3) Mond Process (D) Purification of mercury (4)...
Column I Column II (A) Cyanide process (1) Ultrapure Ge (B) Froth Floatation Process (2) Dressing of ZnS (C) Electrolytic reduction (3) Extraction of Al (D) Zone refining (4) Extraction of Au ...
Column I Column II (A) Sapphire (1) Al2O3 (B) Sphalerite (2) NaCN (C) Depressant (3) Co (D) Corundum (4) ZnS (5) Fe2O3 Column I Column II (A) Sapphire (3) Co (B) Sphalerite (4) ZnS (C)...
Column I Column II (A) Blistered Cu (1) Aluminium (B) Blast furnace (2) 2Cu2O + Cu2S → 6Cu + SO2 (C) Reverberatory furnace (3) Iron (D) Hall-Heroult process (4) FeO + SiO2 → FeSiO3 (5) 2Cu2S...
Reactions Involved: 4Au(s) + 8CN-(aq) + 2H2O(aq) + O2(g) → 4[Au(CN)2]-(aq) + 4OH-(aq) 2[Au(CN)2]-(aq) + Zn(s) → 2Au(s) + [Zn(CN)4]2- (aq) Role of Zinc in this reaction - Reducing...
Requirements for vapour phase refining: 1. Metal must react easily with a reagent to produce volatile complex. 2. The complex which is volatile should be easily decomposed and recovered.
Reactions Involved: 1. 3Fe2O3 + CO → 2Fe3O4 + CO2 2. Fe3O4 + CO → 3FeO + 2CO2 3. Fe2O3 + CO → 2FeO + CO2
1. Semiconductors are purified by the method of zone refining. 2. The refining of the surface depends on the principle that the impurities are more soluble in molten metal than solid metal. 3. The...
Role of flux in metallurgical processes: 1. To remove the gangue, certain substances are mixed with it. These are called fluxes. 2. Flux can be basic or acidic. 3. Flux which is acidic removes basic...
Considerations during the extraction of metals by electrochemical method: 1. The reactivity of the formed metal. 2. Electrodes must be made of suitable materials 3. To form a molten mass, flux is...
Reaction involved in the extraction of Cl2 from brine: 2Cl- (aq) + 2H2O(l) → 2OH- (aq) + H2(g) + Cl2(g) Calculation: ΔGᶱ = -nFE° ΔGᶱ = +422kJmol-1. E° = 422x103 / 2×96500 E° = - 2.2V For the...
The ∆G formation of FeO is a bit negative than the ∆G formation of carbon monoxide from carbon. Summation of both ∆G will be negative at about 1073K. Above 1073K the FeO production line exceeds the...
Limestone can be combined with flux to remove impurities of sulfur, silicon and phosphorus. They form an easily removable slag. The metal is removed from the slag by passing through the rollers....
Copper is extracted by hydrometallurgy method from the copper ores which are low graded. The Cu is treated with cast iron or H2 and is leached out by the acid. Reaction Involved: Cu2 (aq) + H2(g) →...
1. The metal must react easily with a reagent to produce complex. 2. The complex which is volatile must be easily decomposed and do not give off any additional products and recovery must also be...
Carbon and hydrogen will not reduce oxides into metals but will instead build hydrides and carbides. Thus, they are not used as the reducing agents.
The two sulphide ores competing with coming into the froth can be separated by adjusting the oil to the amount of water or by adding depressants such as NaCN. If we have two sulphide metals, ZnS and...
The iron ore which is used to line the reverberatory furnace is Haematite ore (Fe2O3). Example: In the following reaction, Haematite ore forms iron and CO. Fe2O3 + 3 C → 2 Fe + 3CO
Compound A does not absorb well in the column and moves down the column with alcohol i.e. eluant, while compound B is well absorbed in the column and cannot go down the column.
The copper sulphide ore is burned in the furnace after mixing with silica because the metal impurities present in it can form slag and silica and will be easily removed. Copper is produced as matte...
The Sulphide ores cannot be easily reduced so they are usually converted to oxides because the oxides can be easily reduced.
The Van Arkel method is used to filter Zr and Ti. Van Arkel's process involves heating the impure metal with Iodine. It builds a complex structure where it decomposes at high temperatures, restores...
(i) Cl–(aq.) →1/2Cl2 (g) + e– ; E°cell = 1.36V (ii) 2H2O(l) → O2(g0 + 4H+ + 4e- ; E°cell = 1.23V (iii) Na+(aq) + e- → Na(s) ; E°cell = 2.71V (iv) H+(aq) + e- → 1/2H2(g) ; E°cell = 0.00V ...
(i) Al3+ is oxidised to Al (s). (ii) graphite anode is oxidised to carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide. (iii) the oxidation state of oxygen changes in the reaction at the anode. (iv) the oxidation...
(i) Cu and Zn (ii) Ge and Si (iii) Zr and Ti (iv) Zn and Hg Correct Answer: (i) Cu and Zn Explanation: Electrolytic refining is used to purify Copper and Zinc metals.
(i) displacement of metal by some other metal from the complex ion. (ii) roasting of the metal complex. (iii) calcination followed by roasting. (iv) thermal decomposition of the metal complex....
(i) Below temperature at point A. (ii) Approximately at the temperature corresponding to point A. (iii) Above temperature at point A but below a temperature at point D. (iv) Above temperature at...
(i) be reduced by carbon monoxide only. (ii) be reduced by both carbon monoxide and carbon. (iii) be reduced by carbon only. (iv) not be reduced by both carbon and carbon monoxide. Correct...
(i) ∆G value for the overall reduction reaction with carbon monoxide is zero. (ii) ∆G value for the overall reduction reaction with a mixture of 1 mol carbon and 1 mol oxygen is positive. (iii) ∆G...
(a) C + O2 → CO2 (b) 2C + O2 → 2CO (c) 2CO + O2 → 2 CO2 (i) Point A (ii) Point B (iii) Point D (iv) Point E Correct Answers: (ii) Point B (iv) Point E Explanation: At the temperature...
(i) Cast iron is obtained by remelting pig iron with scrap iron and coke using hot air blast. (ii) In the extraction of silver, silver is extracted as cationic complex. (iii) Nickel is purified by...
(i) lower the melting point of Al2O3 (ii) increase the conductivity of molten mixture. (iii) reduce Al3+ into Al(s). (iv) acts as a catalyst Correct Answers: (i) lower the melting point of...
(i) Collectors enhance the non-wettability of the mineral particles. (ii) Collectors enhance the wettability of gangue particles. (iii) By using depressants in the process two sulphide ores can be...
(i) using collectors. (ii) adjusting the proportion of oil to water. (iii) using depressant. (iv) using froth stabilisers. Correct Answers: (ii) adjusting the proportion of oil to water....
(i) CuO (ii) ZnO (iii) Fe2O3 (iv) SiO2 Correct Answers: (iii) Fe2O3 (iv) SiO2 Explanation: Common impurities present in bauxite are Fe2O3 and SiO2
(i) Haematite (ii) Galena (iii) Copper pyrites (iv) Magnetite Correct Answers: (ii) Galena (iii) Copper pyrites Explanation: Galena and Copper pyrites are the ores which can be concentrated...
(i) CaCO3→CaO+CO2 (ii) 4FeS2+11O2→2Fe2O3+8SO2 (iii) 2Al(OH)3→Al2O3+3H2O (iv) Cu2S+2CuO→4Cu+SO2 Correct Answers: (i) CaCO3→CaO+CO2 (iii) 2Al(OH)3→Al2O3+3H2O Explanation:...
(i) haematite (ii) calamine (iii) iron pyrites (iv) sphalerite Correct Answers: (i) haematite (ii) calamine Explanation: Haematite and Calamine are the calcined ores which gets reduced by...
(i) Fe2O3 + 3CO → 2Fe + 3CO2 (ii) FeO + SiO2 → FeSiO3 (iii) Fe2O3 + 3C → 2Fe + 3CO (iv) CaO + SiO2 → CaSiO3 Correct Answers: (i) Fe2O3 + 3CO → 2Fe + 3CO2 (iv) CaO + SiO2 → CaSiO3 Explanation:...
(i) heating with a stream of carbon monoxide. (ii) heating with iodine. (iii) liquation. (iv) distillation. Correct Answers: (i) heating with a stream of carbon monoxide (ii) heating with...
(i) A depressant prevents a certain type of particle to come to the froth. (ii) Copper matte contains Cu2S and ZnS. (iii) The solidified copper obtained from the reverberatory furnace has blistered...
(i) ΔG° for the overall reaction is negative. (ii) ΔG° for the overall reaction is positive. (iii) E° for the overall reaction has a negative value. (iv) E° for the overall reaction has a positive...
(i) oxidation of Cl– ion to chlorine gas occurs. (ii) reduction of Cl– ion to chlorine gas occurs. (iii) For the overall reaction, ∆Gᶱ has a negative value. (iv) a displacement reaction takes place....
(i) sulphides of copper (II) and iron (II) (ii) sulphides of copper (II) and iron (III) (iii) sulphides of copper (I) and iron (II) (iv) sulphides of copper (I) and iron (III) Correct...
(i) Fe3O4 + 4CO → 3Fe + 4CO2 (ii) Cu2O + C → 2Cu + CO (iii) Cu2+ (aq) + Fe (s) → Cu (s) + Fe2+ (aq) (iv) Cu2O + 1/2Cu2S → 3Cu + 1/2SO2 Correct Answer: (iv) Cu2O + 1/2Cu2S → 3Cu + 1/2SO2...
(i) Al and Fe (ii) Al and Cu (iii) Fe and Cu (iv) Cu and Ag Correct Answer:(i) Al and Fe Explanation: The most abundant elements in the earth's crust are Aluminium (8.1 %) and Iron...
(i) FeS (ii) CO (iii) Cu2S (iv) SO2 Correct Answer: (iii) Cu2S Explanation: Reaction Involved - 2Cu2S+3O2 →2Cu2O+2SO2 2 Cu2O+ Cu2S →6Cu+ SO2
(i) impurities of low boiling metals can be separated by distillation. (ii) impurities are more soluble in molten metal than in solid metal. (iii) different components of a mixture are differently...
When FeCl3 is dissolved in hot water, hydrated ferric oxide forms. This highly hydrated oxide hydrate adsorbs Fe3+ ions results in a positively charged colloid.
1. In physisorption, with increasing temperature, the bond between adsorbent and adsorbate weakens and the amount of adsorbate decreases. 2. In chemisorption, the amount of activation energy needed...
If dialysis continues for a long time, the electrolyte deposits present in the blood are also completely removed and blood coagulation is established.
The silver halide surface acts as a good adsorbent. It can be able to adsorb the pigment present in the eosin dye. So, the silver halide seems to be colored.
The activated charcoal works as a good adsorbent because it is porous. Because of this, in the coal mines, it is used to provide fresh air for the breathing purpose via a gas mask.
Because the rate of reaction of compound ‘A' (C4H9Br) with aqueous KOH is solely determined by the concentration of compound ‘A,' the reaction happens via the SN1 mechanism, and product ‘A' is...
(i)A main halide is 1-bromobut-2-ene. (ii) Bromine is linked to the secondary carbon atom in 4-Bromopent-2-ene, making it a secondary halide. (iii) Bromine is linked to the tertiary carbon atom in...
Because electron density is higher at ortho and para locations, the functional groups contained in these compounds are ortho-para directed.
The molecule (B) will be the reaction's main product. This addition reaction is carried out according to Markovnikoff's rule, in which the hydrogen from the hydrogen halide is added to the carbon...
Br2 gas is produced when NaBr and H2SO4 are combined. Because of the stable molecule created as a result of resonance stabilisation, molecule (b) will not react with Br2 gas.
Because the symmetry of p-dibromobenzene allows the molecule to fit better in a crystal lattice, it has a higher melting point. As a result, breaking the bonds between the molecules needs a greater...
Option (i) and (iv) are the answers. Because the halogen atom is directly linked to the aromatic ring in compounds (i) and (iv), these compounds are classed as aryl halides.
Option (i) and (iii) are the answers. Dihalides with two halogen atoms linked to the same carbon atom are known as gem-dihalides. Gem-dihalides are formed when two halogen atoms are present on the...
Option (i) and (iii) are the answers. The SN1 mechanism is used in the given reaction. The production of carbocation is a gradual process in the SN1 mechanism. As a result, the pace of reaction is...
Option (iii) is the answer. The amount of electron releasing groups increases the reactivity of aryl halides; the fewer the electron releasing groups, the slower the rate of nucleophilic...
Option (i) is the answer. At least one chiral carbon must be present in the molecule to display racemic mixing. Chiral carbon is an asymmetric carbon that is linked to four distinct sorts of atoms...
Option (i) is the answer. The $S_N$ 1 mechanism operates in watery media. As a result of this reaction, a stable carbocation forms as an intermediate.
Chiral molecules are those that lack a plane of symmetry as well as a centre of symmetry.. It is a chiral molecule because it lacks the plane of symmetry and the centre of symmetry. Option (i) is...
Option (ii) is the answer. Diethylbromomethane's proper IUPAC designation is 3 - Bromopentane. $C_5H_{11}Br$ is the chemical formula for it.
Option (iii) is the answer. correct IUPAC name for given compound is 1-Bromo-2-methylbutane
Option (ii) is the answer. Alcohol reactivity towards halogen acids diminishes in the following order: (C) > (B) > (A) Because tertiary carbocation is the most stable of the three, it is...
Option (ii) and (iii) are the answers. Benzylic alcohols, as we all know, are molecules with an alcohol functional group on a carbon atom that is directly linked to the Benzene ring. Because the –OH...
Option (i) is the answer As the moleculer mass of the alcohol grows, the boiling point rises. Furthermore, $1^0$ alcohols have greater boiling points than $2^0$ alcohols among isomeric alcohols.
Emulsion is the dispersion of one liquid into another invisible liquid. The dispersed phase is always available in lesser amount when compared to the dispersion medium.
According to Hardy-Schulze law, electrolyte coagulation properties depend on the valency of coagulation ion. The higher the charge in flocculating ion the smaller the amount of electrolyte required...
Moist alum is highly charged with Al3+ and SO42-ions which activate the charged protein molecules present in the blood. This causes the blood protein to coagulate and stops bleeding.
Option (i) is the answer Because phenols are more acidic than alcohols, they will react with a sodium hydroxide solution in water.
The Cottrell precipitator is a filtering tool that removes fine particles such as dust and fumes from flowing electricity. It neutralizes the charge on carbon particles.
When the skin is soaked in tannin, coagulation occurs as a result of a combination of animal skin (positively charged) and tannin (negatively charged). Thus resulting in the hardening of the leather...
The colloidal solution has a larger surface area than the true solution. The surface area is directly proportional to the level of assimilation in our body. So, the drugs work effectively when...
1. Emulsifying agents stabilize the emulsion by forming interfacial film between the suspended particles and the dispersion medium. 2. Example: Agar (used in foods)
FeCl3 when dissolved in hot water, forms hydrated ferric oxide, a sol which is positively charged due to the absorption of Fe3+ ions. By adding NaCl, the negatively charged chloride ions reduce the...
1. The Brownian motion occurs because of the collision between the colloidal particles and dispersion medium. 2. The movement causes the stability of the colloidal solution.
When an electric field is applied to a colloidal solution, the colloidal particles move to different electrodes depending on their charge.
1. Alum is basically the potassium aluminum sulphate [KAl(SO4)2]. 2. When dissolved in alkaline bicarbonate it forms a gelatinous precipitate. 3. When added to water it attracts colloidal particles...
Collodion: 1. Collodion is a 4% solution of nitrocellulose prepared in a mixture of alcohol and ether. 2. Collodion is a solution which is syrupy in texture and can be inflammable.
Gelatin acts as an emulsifying agent for hydrophilic colloid. They absorb water content from ice cream and are also a good source of protein. They also give a soft texture and a glossy appearance to...
Option (i) is the answer. Alcohols with the chemical formula $C_4H_{10}O$ can have a variety of structures. A similar chemical formula may be used to make a total of four alcohols. Butan-1-ol,...
The surface of the adsorbent adsorbs the gases that are desirable in the process of adsorption. If an area already has other gases, it is saturated so it cannot adsorb the desired gases from the...
Chemisorption involves the formation of chemical bonds that require activating energy. That's why it's called activated adsorption.
The soap solution at low concentration acts as a standard electrolytic solution. But in the higher concentrations it behaves like a colloid and forms micelles.
When the gelatin is mixed with gold sol, the gelatin forms a protective layer on the gold sol, thus preventing it from getting coagulated. So gold sol recovers by adding gelatin, which is a...
The Clouds hold charges as they are colloids. Silver iodide (AgI) electrolyte assists in the process of coagulation between colloidal water particles in a cloud. Thus, forming large raindrops that...
(i) adsorption of coloured substance (ii) adsorption of solvent (iii) absorption and adsorption both of solvent (iv) absorption of solvent Correct Answers: (i) adsorption of coloured...
In ortho-nitrophenol, there is an electron-withdrawing group NO2 in the ortho position, which increases the acidic strength and makes it more acidic. There is an electron releasing group in o-cresol...
Because Butan-2-ol possesses a chiral carbon atom, it is the only one that displays optical activity.
Ethanol water phenol ethanol ethanol ethanol ethanol ethanol ethanol ethanol ethanol Because it forms the phenoxide ion after deprotonation and is stabilized by resonance, phenol is more acidic....
(i) physically (ii) qualitatively (iii) chemically (iv) quantitatively Correct Answers: (i) physically (ii) qualitatively Explanation: In a reaction, catalyst changes physically and...
(i) Reverse osmosis takes place. (ii) Electro osmosis takes place. (iii) Dispersion medium begins to move. (iv) Dispersion medium becomes stationary. Correct Answers: (ii) Electro osmosis...