Column (A)Column (B)(a) Plaster of Paris(i) Ca(OH)2(b) Gypsum(ii) CaSO4. ½ H2O(c) Bleaching Powder(iii)CaSO4.2H2O(d) Slaked Lime(iv) CaOCl2 Column (A)Column (B)(a) Plaster of Paris(ii) CaSO4. ½...
Column (A)Column (B)(a) Lactic acid(i) Tomato(b) Acetic acid(ii) Lemon(c) Citric acid(iii) Vinegar(d) Oxalic acid(iv) Curd Column (A)Column (B)(a) Lactic acid(iv) Curd(b) Acetic acid(iii) Vinegar(c)...
Compound A – Ethanol (CH3CH2OH) Reaction Involved: CH3CH2OH → CH2-CH2+ H2O Compound B – Ethene (CH2= CH2) Reaction Involved: CH2=CH2 →C2H6 Compound C - Ethane (CH3 — CH3) Reaction...
(a) Hydrogenation reaction (b) Oxidation reaction (c) Substitution reaction (d) Saponification reaction (e) Combustion reaction Answers: (a) Hydrogenation reaction - The addition reaction...
(a) ethanol to ethene. b) propanol to propanoic acid. Write the reactions. Answers: (a)Process of conversion: Ethanol is heated in the presence of conc. sulphuric acid at 443 K. Reaction Involved:...
(a) What change would you observe in the calcium hydroxide solution taken in tube B? (b) Write the reaction involved in test tubes A and B respectively. (c) If ethanol is given instead of ethanoic...
Identification: C - Ethanoic acid R - Sodium Ethanoate A - Ethanol S - Ester Reactions Involved: 2CH3COOH +2 Na →2CH3COONa+H2 CH3COOH +C2H5OH → CH3COOC2H5 + H20 CH3COOC2H5+NaoH...
Activity Involved: Take 1ml ethanol and 1 ml glacial acetic acid in a test- tube. Add few drops of concentrated H2SO4. Heat the test tube for 5 minutes with the help of a boiling water bath....
(i) Magnesium with dilute hydrochloric acid (ii) Aluminium with dilute hydrochloric acid (iii) Zinc with dilute hydrochloric acid (iv) Iron with dilute hydrochloric acid Solution: (i) Mg + 2HCl →...
(b) What is saponification? Write the reaction involved in this process. Answers: (a) Formula of carbon tetrachloride - CCl4 (b) Saponification is the reaction of an ester to produce sodium salt of...
Hydrogenation is the reaction which is commonly used in the conversion of vegetable oils to fats. In this process, Nickel acts as a catalyst. Reaction Involved:
Answers: (a) The Hydrocarbons are basically the compounds of Carbon and hydrogen such as Ethane and Methane. (b) The Hydrocarbons having single bond is known as saturated hydrocarbons such as Ethane...
Identification: Salt X - Sodium Ethanoate Gas - Carbon-di-oxide. Reaction Involved: CH3COOH+NaHCO3 → CH3COONA+H2O+CO2 Activity Involved: Experiment set up. 2. In a test-tube and take spoon full of...
Column AColumn B(a) CH3OH + CH3COOH CH3COOCH3 + H2O(i) Addition reaction(b) CH2 = CH2 + H2 CH3 — CH3(ii) Substitution reaction(c) CH4 + Cl2 Sunlight CH3Cl + HCl(iii) Neutralisation reaction(d)...
The saturated hydrocarbons burn with a pure flame and do not produce soot while non-saturated hydrocarbons burn yellow flames and produce more soot. Ethane is saturated with hydrocarbon and heats...
Catenation is shown by Silicon and Carbon. Silicon bonds are not very stable and reactive but the bonds made of Carbon bonds are so strong which is why the catenation of carbon is greater than the...
(a) The atomic number of chlorine is 17. Write its electronic configuration (b) Draw the electron dot structure of chlorine molecule Answers: (a) Electronic configuration of chlorine: KLM- 2,8,7...
Solution: (c) Silver (d) Metal chloride and hydrogen are produced when a metal combines with dilute hydrochloric acid. Example: Mg + 2HCl → 2MgCl2 + H2
Solution: (a) Metals are the elements that conduct electricity, are malleable and possess ductility. Example: Iron, aluminium etc. (b) Sodium
Solution: When metals are exposed to air for an extended period of time, a thin layer of oxide, carbonate, or sulphide accumulates on their surface due to the gradual action of various gases....
Solution: (a) Sodium is a soft metal with a low melting point. Carbon is a non-metallic element. Graphite is a carbon allotrope that has a high melting point and is a good conductor of electricity....
(a) Chlorine (Group 17 of Periodic Table) (b) Oxygen (Group 16 of Periodic Table) Answers: (a) Compound formed with chlorine is Carbon Tetrachloride (CCl4–) (b) Compound formed with oxygen is...
Ethene is formed when ethanol at 443 K is heated with excess of concentrated sulphuric acid. Sulphuric acid helps in the formation of ethane as it is a dehydrating agent and also is a catalyst....
Hydrogen gas is evolved when ethanol reacts with sodium. Reaction Involved: 2CH₃- CH₂-OH +2Na——>2 CH₃- CH₂- ONa + H₂
Methanol is converted into Methanal in the liver and kills all cells. Methanol also affects optic nerves and causes blindness. So, eating even small amount of methanol can be dangerous.
Ethene is prepared by the heating of Ethanol at 443k in the presence of excess sulphuric acid. Reaction Involved: CH3-CH2OH —> CH2=CH2 +H2O
(a) CH3COCH2 CH2 CH2 CH3 (b) CH3CH2CH2COOH (c) CH3CH2 CH2 CH2 CHO (d) CH3CH2OH Identification: 1. Ketone 2. Carboxylic acid 3. Aldehyde 4....
Solution: Non-metallic properties Non-metallic materials are not malleable.They are brittle/non-ductile.They're usually soft.They are poor electrical conductors.They don't have a lustre to them.
Detergents are better than soaps because detergents are ammonium or sulphonate salts of long-chain carboxylic acid. And, Soap forms precipitate with calcium and magnesium ions present in hard water.
(a) Ethanoic acid (CH3COOH) (b) Ethanol (CH3CH2OH) (c) Ethyl ethanoate (CH3COOCH2CH3 ) Reactions Involved: (a) (b) (c)
Identification: (a) Alcohol (b) Carboxylic acid (c) Ketone (d) Alkene
Identification: (a) Pentanoic acid (b) Butyne (c) Heptanal (d) Pentanol
Solution: Metal Characteristics: Metals are malleable, i.e. can be beaten into sheets. Metals can be drawn out into wires, i.e. are ductile.Metals are excellent electrical conductors.They have a...
Solution: A torch bulb is placed in a holder, and wires are linked to an electric circuit using crocodile clips. When you put a bit of sulphur between the crocodile clip and the bulb, nothing...
Solution: (a) Calcium forms calcium hydroxide and hydrogen gas when it combines with cold water. Ca + 2H2O → Ca(OH)2 + H2 (b) Iron creates iron sulphate and hydrogen gas when it combines with dilute...
(b) Amphoteric oxides. Act as both basic and acidic. (c) Zinc oxide is another metal that behaves like aluminium oxide.
Electron dot structure of ethyne: Structural formula of ethyne: H-C≡C-H
(a) ethyne (b) ethene (c) propyne (d) methane Answer: (b) ethyne Reason: In the alkyne series, there is a triple bond between carbon atoms. The first component of the alkyne series is ethyne with...
Solution: Al2O3 + 6HCl → 2AlCl3 + 3H2O Aluminium acting as basic oxide. Al2O3 + 2NaOH → 2NaAlO2 + H2O Aluminium acting as an acidic oxide here.
(a) CH3COONa + NaOH → CH4 + Na2CO3 (b) CH3COOH + C2H5OH → CH3COOC2H5 +H2O (c) 2CH3COOH + 2Na → 2CH3COONa + H2 (d) CH3COOC2H5 + NaOH → CH3 COONa + C2H5OH Answer: (d) CH3COOC2H5 + NaOH → CH3...
(i) oxygen (ii) carbon (iii) hydrogen (iv) chlorine (a) (i) and (ii) (b) (ii) and (iii) (c) (iii) and (iv) (d) (i) and (iv) Answer: (d) (i) and (iv) Reason: The heteroatoms present in CH3 — CH2 — O...
(a) Propanal (b) Propanone (c) Ethanol (d) Ethanal Answer: (a) Propanal Reason: The name of the compound CH3 — CH2 — CHO is Propanal.
(a) CH4 (b) C2 H6 (c) C3 H8 (d) C4 H8 Answer: (d) C4 H8 Reason: Ethane and propane are in the same series while C4 H8 is not alkene.
(a) (i) and (iii) (b) (ii) and (iii) (c) (ii) and (iv) (d) (iii) and (iv) Answer: (c) (ii) and (iv) Reason: Unsaturated hydrocarbon is a chemical compound that contains a carbon-carbon bond or...
Answer: (d) Reason: Option A, B, C is direct hydrocarbons, since each carbon atom is linked to one or two carbon atoms.
Solution: The reactivity of sodium, magnesium, and copper with water can be used to sort them. When sodium comes into contact with water, it reacts violently. Magnesium and copper are two metals...
Answer: (c) Reason: The oxygen atom has six electrons in valence, of which 2 are involved in contact with 2 hydrogen atoms. A water molecule therefore has two lone electrons joined by two bonded...
(a) helium (b) neon (c) argon (d) krypton Answer: (b) neon Reason: Carbon forms four covalent bonds by sharing its four valence electrons with four univalent atoms, e.g. hydrogen. After the...
Aluminum reacts with steam to form aluminium oxide and hydrogen gas. 2Al(s) + 3H2O(g) → Al2O3(s) + 3H2(g)
Solution: (a) Sodium becomes sodium hydroxide and hydrogen gas when it reacts vigorously with cold water. 2Na(s) + 2H2O(l) → 2NaOH(aq) + H2(g) + Heat (b) Magnesium hydroxide and hydrogen are formed...
(i) mineral acids are completely ionised (ii) carboxylic acids are completely ionised (iii) mineral acids are partially ionised (iv) carboxylic acids are partially ionised (a) (i) and (iv) (b) (ii)...
(a) 50% – 60% acetic acid in alcohol (b) 5% – 8% acetic acid in alcohol (c) 5% – 8% acetic acid in water (d) 50% – 60% acetic acid in water Answer: (c) 5% – 8% acetic acid in water Reason:...
Answer: (d) Reason: Butanoic acid is a carboxylic acid and the structural formula of butanoic acid is shown in the option (d).
(a) sodium ethanoate and hydrogen (b) sodium ethanoate and oxygen (c) sodium ethoxide and hydrogen (d) sodium ethoxide and oxygen Answer: (c) sodium ethoxide and hydrogen Reason: Reaction between...
Solution: (a) Magnesium nitrate and hydrogen gas are formed when magnesium combines with very weak nitric acid. Mg(s) + 2HNO3(aq) → Mg(NO3)2(aq) + H2(g) (b) Magnesium and aluminium are two metals...
Answer: (c) Reason: Benzene is a compound which is cyclic in structure having double bonds alternatively and the correct structural formula is as shown in the option (c).
(a) 5 covalent bonds (b) 12 covalent bonds (c) 16 covalent bonds (d) 17 covalent bonds Answer: (c) 16 covalent bonds Reason: Pentane has 16 covalent bonds.
(a) the ionic end of soap is on the surface of the cluster while the carbon chain is in the interior of the cluster. (b) ionic end of soap is in the interior of the cluster and the carbon chain is...
Solution: (a) Potassium creates potassium hydroxide and hydrogen gas when it reacts vigorously with cold water. 2K(s) + 2H2O(l) → 2KOH(aq) + H2(g) + Heat (b) 2Fe(s) + 4H2O(g) → Fe3O4(s) + 4H2(g) (c)...
(a) absence of sunlight (b) presence of sunlight (c) presence of water (d) presence of hydrochloric acid Answer: (b) presence of sunlight Reason: Because of the halogenation process, chlorine reacts...
(i) Propane (ii) Propene (iii) Propyne (iv) Chloropropane (a) (i) and (ii) (b) (ii) and (iv) (c) (iii) and (iv) (d) (ii) and (iii) Answer: (d) (ii) and (iii) Reason: Propene and Propyne are the...
Answer: (a) Reason: Ethyne can also be known as Acetylene and is a two carbon alkyne and the correct structural formula is shown in option (a).
Answer: (d) Reason: The correct representation of the electron dot structure of the nitrogen is shown in the option (d).
(a) hydrophilic head and a hydrophobic tail (b) hydrophobic head and a hydrophilic tail (c) hydrophobic head and a hydrophobic tail (d) hydrophilic head and a hydrophilic tail Answer: (a)...
(a) Butanone (b) Butanol (c) Butanoic acid (d) Butanol Answer: (b) Butanol Reason: In Butanol, –OH is the functional group.
Solution: (a) Because sodium is a highly reactive element, it will catch fire when it comes into contact with oxygen. As a result, sodium is preserved in kerosene to prevent explosions. (a) When...
(a) Addition reaction (b) Substitution reaction (c) Displacement reaction (d) Oxidation reaction Answer: (a) Addition reaction Reason: Oils when treated with hydrogen in the presence of palladium or...
In the above-given reaction, alkaline KMnO4 acts as (a) reducing agent (b) oxidising agent (c) catalyst (d) dehydrating agent Answer: (b) oxidising agent Explanation: Oxidation of ethanol to form...
(a) (i) and (iii) (b) (ii) and (iv) (c) (i) and (ii) (d) (iii) and (iv) Answer: (c) (i) and (ii) Explanation: n−butane and iso−butane are the correct structural isomers of...
Solution: (a) Due to the presence of a thin coating of aluminium oxide on its surface, aluminium does not react with water under normal conditions. (b) The metals sodium and magnesium are capable of...
(a) phosphorus (b) sulphur (c) carbon (d) tin Answer: (c) carbon Reason: Buckminsterfullerene is an allotropic carbon form. It has carbon atoms arranged in a ball-like pattern. It is soft, slippery,...
(a) only single bonds (b) only double bonds (c) only triple bonds (d) two double bonds and one single bond Answer: (a) only single bonds Explanation: An ammonia molecule has only a single...
(i) are good conductors of electricity (ii) are poor conductors of electricity (iii) have strong forces of attraction between their molecules (iv) do not have strong forces of attraction between...
(a) carbon monoxide only (b) carbon monoxide in traces and carbon dioxide (c) carbon dioxide only (d) coal Answer: (c) carbon dioxide only Reason: Carbon is a compound which is found in the...
Solution: (a) Hydrogen is employed as rocket fuel. Electrolytic cells' electrodes are made of carbon. Nitrogen is utilised in the production of fertilisers and ammonia. Sulphur is utilised in the...
Solution: Copper is utilised in the production of cables and utensils. Aluminium is used in the packaging of food and some medications. Utensils are made of iron. Jewellery is made out of silver....
Solution: Non-metal applications Hydrogen is employed in the production of ammonia.Hydrogen is utilised to power rockets.Electrodes are made of graphite.Because nitrogen is inert, it is utilised to...
Solution: Metals are used for a variety of purposes. Metals are ductile, which means they can be formed into wires.Metals can be shaped, i.e. are malleable. The metal mercury is employed in...
Solution: Because copper is more reactive than silver and displaces silver from the silver nitrate solution, when a copper plate is dipped in the solution, silver is deposited on the copper plate....
(b) What happens when a rod of zinc metal is dipped into a solution of copper sulphate? Give chemical equation of the reaction involved. Solution: (a)...
Solution: (a) Calcium chloride is formed when calcium combines with chlorine to generate an ionic chloride. There is a strong reaction. Ca(s) + Cl2(g) → CaCl2(s) (b) Magnesium nitrate and hydrogen...
Solution: (a) Hydrogen does not react with the majority of metals. However, some reactive metals, including sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium, can push hydrogen atoms to take electrons from...
(b)Name two metals that can, however, liberate hydrogen gas from very dilute nitric acid. Solution: (a) With dilute nitric acid, metals normally do not liberate hydrogen gas because nitric acid is a...
(a) Acidic oxides and neutral oxides are formed when non-metals react with oxygen. Example: When carbon reacts with oxygen, it produces carbon dioxide, which is an acidic oxide, and when hydrogen...
Solution: (a) SO2 is acidic in nature and produces sulphurous acid when dissolved in water SO2(g) + H2O(l) → H2SO3 (aq) (b) Na2O is basic in nature and on dissolution in water produces an alkali...
(b)Choose the acidic oxides, basic oxides and neutral oxides from the following: Na2O; CO2.; CO; SO2; MgO; N2O; H2O (c)Which of the following are amphoteric oxides: MgO, ZnO, P2O3, Al2O3, NO2...
(b) Solutions: (i) S and C would yield acidic acidic oxides (ii) Na and K are basic oxides (iii) H would yield neutral oxide
Solution: (a) Metal oxides are basic in nature, turning red litmus solution blue, whereas non-metals oxides are acidic in nature, turning blue litmus solution red. For example, sodium oxide and...
Solution: The two metals that react aggressively with cold water are sodium and potassium. Three points to consider: The reaction is exothermic, which means it produces a lot of heat. 2.Hydrogen is...
(c)Which property of iron metal is utilized in producing iron sheets required for making buckets? (d)Which property of copper metal is utilized in making thin wires? Solutions: (b) Copper and...
Because metals can be hammered into thin sheets, they are malleable. Aluminium is one example. Because metals can be stretched into wire without breaking, they are ductile. Copper is one...
(e) Calcium is a ________ reactive metal than sodium. Solution: (e) Less.
(c) Ordinary aluminium stripes are not attacked by water because of the presence of a layer of ________ on the surface of aluminium. (d) A metal having low melting point is ________ but a non-metal...
(a) Magnesium liberates ________ gas on reacting with hot boiling water. (b) The white powder formed when magnesium ribbon burns in oxygen is of ________. Solution: (a) Hydrogen. (b) Magnesium...
(c) Fe(s) + H2O → (d) Cu(NO3)(aq) + Zn → Solution: (c) Fe(s) + H2O → Fe3O4 + 4H2 (d) Cu(NO3)(aq) + Zn → Zn(NO3)2 + 2Cu
(a) Na + O2 → (b) Na2O + H2O → Solution: (a) 4Na + O2 → 2Na2O (b) Na2O + H2O → 2NaOH
Solution: When metals are exposed to air for an extended period of time, a thin layer of oxides, carbonates, or sulphides forms on their surface, giving them a dull appearance.
Solution: Sulphur and phosphorus are non-metals that are both brittle and non-ductile, meaning they are easily broken and flexible.
Solution: Graphite has a good ability to conduct electricity. This conductivity aids in the creation of electrodes.
Solution: Diamond is a non-metal with the highest melting point of all non-metals since it is an allotrope of carbon.
Solution: Because iron is more reactive than copper, it displaces copper from copper sulphate solution, destroying the blue colour.
Solution: There will be no reaction when silver is immersed in a copper sulphate solution. Because silver cannot displace copper from copper sulphate, it has lower reactivity than copper.
Solution: When iron nails are immersed into a copper sulphate solution, the blue colour fades and a reddish brown copper metal forms.
Solution: When a strip of copper is immersed in a silver nitrate solution, the solution progressively becomes blue, and a gleaming greyish white deposit of silver metal forms on the copper strip.
Solution: When zinc is submerged in a copper sulphate solution, the copper sulphate loses its blue colour and a red brown copper coating forms on the zinc.
Solution: Brittleness is a property in which something is hard but easily breakable. Brittleness can be found in almost all non-metals.
Reasons for the need to harness non-conventional sources of energy: 1. The conventional sources are the source of energy which is depleted and will soon wear out. 2. The non-conventional energy...
Solution: Non-metals are not malleable, whereas metals are.
(e) Rubber vulcanization improves the rubber's strength, and sulphur is utilised in the process.
(a) Sun can be taken as an inexhaustible source of energy (b) There is infinite storage of fossil fuel inside the earth (c) Hydro and wind energy plants are non-polluting sources of energy (d) Waste...
(c) To make electrodes of dry cells. (d) To preserve food materials. Solution: (c) Dry cell electrodes are made from carbon. (d) Nitrogen is a non-metal that is utilised to preserve food.
(a) To convert vegetable oil into vegetable ghee (solid fat). (b) As a rocket fuel (in liquid form). Solution: (a) Hydrogen is a non-metal that is utilised to transform vegetable oil into ghee. (b)...
Some pharmaceutical tablets, as well as food items, are packaged in aluminium foil.
Metals such as gold and silver are used to make jewellery and to embellish desserts.
(a)For making electric wires. (b)For making domestic utensils and factory equipment. Solution: (a) The metals utilised to make electric cables are aluminium and copper. (a) Copper and aluminium are...
(a) sun leads to heating of the upper layer of the atmosphere (b) burning of fossil fuels release oxides of carbon, nitrogen and sulphur in the atmosphere (c) electrical charges are produced due to...
(a)Sodium with oxygen (b)Magnesium with oxygen Solution: (a) When sodium combines with oxygen, sodium oxide is formed. 4Na(s) + O2(g) → 2Na2O(s) (b) Magnesium oxide is formed when magnesium combines...
Solution: (a) Sodium is a metal that is held in kerosene oil to keep it from reacting with oxygen and moisture. (b) White phosphorus is a non-metal that is kept immersed in water. When exposed to...
Solution: Copper has a higher level of reactivity than silver. The less reactive element can be displaced from the solution by the more reactive element.
(a)At the bottom of the reactivity series (b)At the top of the reactivity series (c)Just below copper in the reactivity series Solution: (a) Gold is the metal at the bottom of the reactivity series...
Solutions: An example of a metal hydride is Sodium hydride(NaH). An example of a non-metal hydride is Hydrogen sulphide(H2S).
(a)For making cooking utensils and boilers? (b)For making electric wires? Solution: (a)Copper and aluminium have excellent thermal conductivity, making them ideal for use in cooking equipment and...
Solution: When a copper coin is immersed in a silver nitrate solution for a period of time, the coin's colour changes to a gleaming greenish-white due to the deposition of silver on it.
Solution: Aluminum and zinc are amphoteric oxides that have both basic and acidic properties.
Solution: Metal oxides that exhibit both acidic and basic behaviour are known as amphoteric oxides.
Solution: (a)The two acidic oxides are carbon dioxide (CO2) and sulphur dioxide (SO2). (b) The basic oxides sodium oxide (Na2O) and magnesium oxide (MgO) are two examples.
Solution: A freshly made mixture of one part concentrated nitric acid and three parts concentrated hydrochloric acid is known as aqua-regia. Gold and platinum are rare metals that are insoluble in...
A reddish brown coating of copper metal is applied to an iron nail. Copper is displaced from copper sulphate solution by an iron nail, resulting in ferrous sulphate, and the colour of copper...
Position of candle = 12.0 cm Position of convex lens = 50.0 cm Position of the screen = 88.0 cm What is the focal length of the convex lens?Where will the image be formed if he shifts the candle...
Power of lens Is the degree of convergence and divergence provided by a lens and its unit is Diopter (D). The focal length of the lens used by the first student is in positive so it is a convex...
(i)Which reacts with water only on boiling, and (ii)Another which does not react even with steam. Solution: (I) Magnesium reacts with boiling water only. (ii) Even steam has no effect on...
False. When metals react with dilute acids, hydrogen gas is produced, which ignites with a pop sound.
Given, m = 1/3 Using = 1/v+1/u=1/f Calculating u, u = – 80 cm. The image is real and inverted so the mirror is concave.
Ray Diagram The image in the screen is real and so, the magnification is, m = –3 v = 80 cm u = ? m = v/u –3 = 80/u u = –80/3 cm As we know, 1/f = 1/v – 1/u =1/80 + 3/80 = 4/80 =...
(a) at infinity (b) at a finite distance from the mirror (a) (b)
Lead is a metal that has a low heat conductivity.
(a) at the focus of the lens (b) between focus and twice the focal length of the lens (c) beyond twice the focal length of the lens (a) (b) (c)
The Laws of refraction: The Incident ray, refracted ray and the normal at the point of incidence lies in the same plane. The ratio of the sine of incidence and sine of refraction is same for the...
Cesium is a metal with a relatively low melting point.
(a) between optical centre and focus of the lens (b) between focus and twice the focal length of the lens (c) at twice the focal length of the lens (d) at infinity (e) at the focus of the lens (a)...
(a) between pole and focus of the mirror (b) between focus and centre of curvature of the mirror (c) at the centre of curvature of the mirror (d) a little beyond the centre of curvature of the...
1. From air into water; 2. From water into air. 1. 2.
When two plane mirrors are placed perpendicular to each other, then the Incident ray and the reflected ray will always be parallel to each other.
The power of lens is inversely proportional to the focal length of the lens and the lens with focal length 20 has more power when compared to a lens with a focal length of 40 cm. The lens having...
Given, Absolute RI of diamond= 1.6 Absolute RI of glass= 1.5 Thus, Absolute refractive index of diamond = 2.4
To get a clear picture of the structure, Sudha has to move the screen and remove the lens. The length of the area will be about 15 cm. The light rays from a distant object such as a tree or a...
When an object is in F and F2 of a convex lens. So, we need to place the object between 20 and 40 cm of the lens. When an object is placed between F and 0 of a convex lens, its magnified, vertical...
The Refractive Index can be seen as a factor in reducing the speed and length of radiation in relation to vacuum values. w = civ where, n- Refractive index c – Speed of light v- Velocity The ratio...
The bending of light here is a reversal function. Reversal is based on refractive indices. The opposing indices of paraffin or turpentine will not be the same as water. So the degree of bending will...
Solution: (a)The most abundant metal in the earth's crust is aluminium. (b)In the earth's crust, oxygen is the most abundant non-metal.
When light ray penetrates into the denser medium from the abnormal bend to the normal In this case the magnitude of the curvature of the parallel radiation is the same. Thus, the emergent ray is...
1. Object is placed between the device and its focus, an image formed is enlarged and behind it. 2. Object is placed between the focus and device, an image formed is enlarged and on the same side as...
(a) Concave mirror only (b) Convex mirror only (c) Convex lens only (d) Concave mirror, convex mirror, concave lens and convex lens Answer: (d) Concave mirror, convex mirror, concave lens and convex...
(a) Plane, convex and concave (b) Convex, concave and plane (c) Concave, plane and convex (d) Convex, plane and concave Answer: (c) Concave, plane and convex Explanation: Concave mirror showed her...
(a) Fig. A. (b) Fig. B. (c) Fig. C. (d) Fig. D. Answer: (a) Fig. A. Explanation: The ray diagram in figure A is correct for the light ray incident on a lens as the incident ray travels through the...
Metals are considered electropositive because they can lose electrons from an atom to generate positive ions, while non-metals are called electronegative because they can absorb electrons and form...
(a) Kerosene (b) Water (c) Mustard oil (d) Glycerine Answer: (d) Glycerine Explanation: A ray of light incident obliquely at same angle would bend the most in glycerine media.
LRR PIC 6----- (a) Fig. A (b) Fig. B (c) Fig. C (d) Fig. D Answer: (d) Fig. D Explanation: The ray diagram in Figure D is correct for the ray of light incident on a concave mirror as the incident is...
(a) A (b) B (c) C (d) D Answer: b) B Explanation: The path of a ray of light coming from air passing through a rectangular glass slab traced by the student B is correct.
(a) plane mirror only (b) concave mirror only (c) convex mirror only (d) all mirrors irrespective of their shape Answer: (d) all mirrors irrespective of their shape Explanation: The laws of...
(a) between the pole and the focus of the reflector (b) very near to the focus of the reflector (c) between the focus and centre of curvature of the reflector (d) at the centre of curvature of the...
Mercury is a metal, and bromine is a nonmetal that exists in liquid form at room temperature.
(a) a concave mirror (b) a convex mirror (c) a plane mirror (d) both concave as well as plane mirror Answer: (b) a convex mirror Explanation: A full-length image of a distant tall building can...
(a) 15 cm in front of the mirror (b) 30 cm in front of the mirror (c) between 15 cm and 30 cm in front of the mirror (d) more than 30 cm in front of the mirror Answer: (d) more than 30 cm in front...
(a) is less than one (b) is more than one (c) is equal to one (d) can be more than or less than one depending upon the position of the object in front of it Answer: (a) is less than one Explanation:...
(a) A convex lens has 4 dioptre power having a focal length 0.25 m (b) A convex lens has –4 dioptre power having a focal length 0.25 m (c) A concave lens has 4 dioptre power having a focal length...
(a) Concave lens (b) Rectangular glass slab (c) Prism (d) Convex lens Answer: (d) Convex lens Explanation: When a beam of light is incident through the holes on side A and emerges out of the holes...
(i) CH3C(Cl)(C2H5)CH2CH3 (ii) CH3CH=C(Cl)CH2CH(CH3)2 Solution: (i) 3−Chloro−3–methylpentane (Tertiary alkyl halide) (ii) 3−Chloro−5−methylhex−2−ene (Vinyl halide)
(a) A rectangular glass slab (b) A convex lens (c) A concave lens (d) A prism Answer: (a) A rectangular glass slab Explanation: When the beams of light are incident through the holes A and B and...
index of medium B relative to A will be (a) greater than unity (b) less than unity (c) equal to unity (d) zero Answer: (a) greater than unity Explanation: The refractive index is the bending of a...
medium B relative to medium A is (a) √3 / √2 (b) 2 / 3 (c) 1/ 2 (d) 2 Answer: (a) √3 / √2 Explanation: According to the Snell’s law, the refractive index of the medium B relative to the medium A is...
(a) When the object is kept at a distance equal to its radius of curvature (b) When an object is kept at a distance less than its focal length (c) When an object is placed between the focus and...
(a) – 30 cm (b) – 20 cm (c) – 40 cm (d) – 60 cm Answer: (b) – 20 cm Explanation: In this case, the focal length of the concave mirror is – 20 cm.
(a) Concave mirror as well as convex lens (b) Convex mirror as well as a concave lens (c) Two plane mirrors placed at 90° to each other (d) Concave mirror as well as a concave lens Answer: (d)...
Solution: (a)Elements are Neon (10) Calcium (20) Nitrogen (7) Silicon (14) (b)Neon belongs to group 18, Calcium belongs to group 2, Nitrogen belongs to group 7 and Silicon belongs to group 14.
Solution: The answer is: (a) Element is Magnesium (b) Electronic Configuration-2,8,2
Solution: Only 63 elements were known at the time of Mendeleev's discovery. Mendeleev looked into the relationship between chemical characteristics and the atomic manes of elements in the periodic...
Solution: Inert gases could be included in Mendeleev's Periodic Table without causing any disruptions to the original order of elements. Noble gases, such as Helium, were known prior to Mendeleev's...
is produced by a helium-neon laser. The power emitted is 
. How fast does a hydrogen atom have to travel in order to have the same momentum as that of the photon?We are provided that the momentum of the hydrogen atom is equal to the momentum of the photon, $\mathrm{P}=1.047 \times 10^{-27} \mathrm{~kg} \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}$ Momentum's expression is: $P=m...
is produced by a helium-neon laser. The power emitted is (a) Find the energy and momentum of each photon in the light beamWavelength of a monochromatic light is given as $\lambda=632.8 \mathrm{~nm}=632.8 \times 10^{-9} \mathrm{~m}$ Power emitted by the laser is, $P=9.42 \mathrm{~mW}=9.42 \times 10^{-3} \mathrm{~W}$...
Solution: The answer is (c) metalloids Explanation: Metalloids include the elements boron (B), silicon (Si), and germanium (Ge). Arsenic (As), antimony (Sb), tellurium (Te), polonium (Po), and...
Solution: The answer is b) Explanation: Li is located on the left side of the current periodic table in the second period, followed by berrylium. Fluorine is located directly across from Neon. As a...
Solution: Option d) is the answer. Explanation: Isotopes are elements that have the same atomic number but have different atomic masses, and they are classified as such. Isotopes have the same...
Solution: Option b) is the answer Explanation: Sodium has one electron, magnesium has two, and aluminum has three electrons in its outermost shell, whereas fluorine has seven electrons in its...
Solution: The answer is (c) K Explanation: Magnesium and calcium are both members of the group I, while sodium and potassium are members of a different group (II). Given that K has only one electron...
Solution: The answer is (c) K Explanation: Because atomic radii decrease from left to right during a period of time, K has the biggest atomic radii of all the elements. This is due to an increase in...
Solution: The answer is (c) A and C Explanation: Here A is Fluorine(Group 17), B is Sodium (Group 1), C is Chlorine (Group 17), D is Magnesium(Group 2) and E is Aluminium (Group 13). A and C are...
Solution: The answer is (c) It has 18 vertical columns known as Groups Explanation: The modern periodic table is divided into 18 groups and seven periods. Columns are referred to as groups, while...
Solution: Answer: a) Germanium Explanation: Initially, Mendeleev designated unidentified elements as EKA- Boron, EKA- Aluminum, and EKA Silicon, which were later renamed Scandium, Gallium, and...
Solution: Answer: Option (b) Calcium Explanation: Newland's law of octaves is applicable to elements with atomic masses up to 40 da, which corresponds to the elements up to and including Calcium....
What is the maximum kinetic energy of photoelectrons emitted?Photoelectric cut-off voltage is given as $\mathbf{V}_{\mathbf{0}}=\mathbf{1 . 5} \mathbf{V}$ The maximum kinetic energy for emitted photoelectrons, $K_{e}=eV$ Where, $e=$ charge on an electron...
When light of frequency 
is incident on the metal surface, photoemission of electrons occurs. What is the maximum speed of the emitted photoelectrons?$\mathbf{v}$ is the maximum speed of photoelectrons emittedThe kinetic energy relation can be written as:$$\mathrm{K}=\frac{1}{2} m v^{2}$$Where,$$\mathrm{m}=\text { mass of electron }=9.1 \times...
When light of frequency is incident on the metal surface, photoemission of electrons occurs. What is the (a) maximum kinetic energy of the emitted electrons (b) Stopping potentialWork function of caesium is given as $\Phi_{o}=2.14 \mathrm{eV}$ Frequency of light is given as $\mathbf{v}=6.0 \times 10^{14} \mathrm{~Hz}$ (a) The maximum energy (kinetic) by the photoelectric...
solution: Nerve center is a super expert endocrine organ as it secretes chemicals that control the blend and discharge of the pituitary organ which is the expert organ. It is associated with the...
solution: Protein chemical: Protein chemicals are insulin, glucagon, prolactin and so on They need to tie their receptors which are available on the plasma layer. They structure their chemical...
solution: Thyroid organ and the parathyroid organ that is a main adversary with one another are answerable for keeping up with calcium homeostasis. Calcitonin is answerable for the high calcium...
a. Which endocrine organ and chemical is identified with this condition? b. Name the cells on which this chemical demonstrations. c. What is the condition called and how might it be corrected?...